Antibacterial Activity of Zanthoxylum schinifolium

  • Choi, Ji-Yeon (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Min (Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Min (Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Choi, Kyung (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Ku, Ja-Jung (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Park, Kwang-Woo (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Cho, Eun-Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Hyun (Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2012.05.09
  • Accepted : 2012.06.08
  • Published : 2012.06.30

Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the industrial application of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Antibacterial activities of the n-hexane, methylene chloride (MC), ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions of Z. schinifolium were tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Helicobacter pylori. Among the fractions, the n-hexane and MC fractions showed the stronger antibacterial activity against H. pylori, with an inhibition zone greater than 10 mm in disc assays. Further testing of bergapten and lupeol from the MC fraction of Z. schinifolium revealed the antibacterial effects against E. coli, S. aureus and H. pylori, suggesting their potential use as antibacterial agents.

Keywords

References

  1. Allen, U.D., MacDonald, N., Fuite, L., Chan, F., and Stephens, D., Risk factors for resistance to "first-line" antimicrobials among urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli in children. Can. Med. Ass. J., 160, 1436-1440 (1999).
  2. Bandow, J.E., Brotz, H.L., Leichert, I.O., Labischinski, H., and Hecker, M., Proteomic approach to understanding antibiotic action. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 948-955 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.47.3.948-955.2003
  3. Benkeblia, N., Antimicrobial activity of essential oil extracts of various onions (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum). Lebensm-Wissu-Technol., 37, 263-268 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2003.09.001
  4. Chang, C.T., Doong, S.L., Tsai, J.L., and Chen, I.S., Coumarins and anti-HBV constituents from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Phytochemistry, 45, 1419-1422 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)89023-1
  5. Cheng, M.J., Yang, C.H., Lin, W.Y., Lin, W.Y., Tsai, I.L., and Chen, I.S., Chemical constituents from the leaves of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 49, 125-128 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1002/jccs.200200021
  6. Choi, B.R., Hong, S.S., Han, X.H., Hwang, J.S., Lee, M.H., Hur, J.D., Hwang, B.Y., and Ro, J.S., Antioxidant constituents from Portulaca oleracea. Nat. Prod. Sci., 11, 229-232 (2005).
  7. Cui, H.Z., Choi, H.R., Choi, D.H., Cho, K.W., Kang, D.G., and Lee, H.S., Aqueous extract of Zanthoxylum schinifolium elicits contractile and secretory responses via ${\beta}_1-adrenoceptor$ activation in beating rabbit atria. J. Ethnopharmacol., 126, 300-307 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.025
  8. Davidson, P.H. and Parish, M.E., Methods of testing the efficacy of food antimicrobials. Food Technol., 43, 148-152 (1989).
  9. Fang, Z., Jun, D.Y., Kim, Y.H., Min, B.S., Kim, A.K., and Woo, M.H., Cytotoxic constituents from the leaves of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 31, 1081-1084 (2010). https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.04.1081
  10. Fernandez, A., Alvarez, A., Garcia M.D., and Saenz, M.T., Anti-inflammatory effect of Pimenta racemosa var. ozua and isolation of the triterpene lupeol. Il Farmaco, 56, 335-338 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(01)01080-1
  11. Goyal, M.M. and Rani, K.K., Anti-bacterial activity of the natural products from the leaves of Thespesia populnea. Acta Ciencia Indica Chem. 15, 117-124 (1989).
  12. Ho, P.C., Saville, D.J., and Wanwimolruk, S., Inhibition of human CYP3A4 activity by grapefruit flavonoids, furanocoumarins and related compounds. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 4, 217-227 (2001).
  13. Kang, S.J., Joo, G.J., and Kim, J.H., Isolation of antagonistic bacteria against Fusarium oxysporum and physicochemical properties of compost mixed with microbial formulation. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol., 23, 342-350 (2005).
  14. Karlowsky, J.A., Kelly, L.J., Thornsberry, C., Jones, M.E., and Sahm, D.F., Trends in antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract infection isolates of Escherichia coli from female outpatients in the United States. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 46, 2540-2545 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.46.8.2540-2545.2002
  15. Landgren, M., Oden, H., Kuhn, I., Osterlund, A., and Kahlmeter, G., Diversity among 2481 Escherichia coli from women with community-acquired lower urinary tract infections in 17 countries. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 55, 928-937 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dki122
  16. Lee, H.Y., Min, B.S., Son, K.H., Chang, H.W., Kim, H.P., Kang, S.S., and Bae, K., Cerebrosides and triterpenoids from the roots of Synurus deltoides. Nat. Prod. Sci., 12, 193-196 (2006).
  17. Lee, K. and Rhee, K., Antimicrobial effects of Zanthoxylum schinifolium extracts against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Kor. J. Pharmacogn., 42, 336-340 (2011).
  18. Liu, R., Feng, L., Sun, A., and Kong, L., Preparative isolation and purification of coumarins from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson by high-speedcounter-current chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A, 1055, 71-76 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.09.017
  19. Liu, Z.L., Chu, S.S., and Jiang, G.H., Feeding deterrents from Zanthoxylum schinifolium against two stored-product insects. J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 10130-10133 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9012983
  20. Nagaraj, M., Sunitha, S., and Varalakshmi, P., Effect of lupeol, a pentacyclictriterpene, on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in rat kidney after chronic cadmium exposure. J. Appl. Toxicol., 20, 413-417 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1263(200009/10)20:5<413::AID-JAT706>3.0.CO;2-Y
  21. Paik, S.Y., Koh, K.H., Beak, S.M., Paek, S.H., and Kim, J.A., The essential oils from Zanthoxylum schinifolium pericarp induce apoptosis of HepG2 human hepatomacells through increased production of reactive oxygen species. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 28, 802-807 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.28.802
  22. Panno, M.L., Giordano, F., Mastroianni, F., Palma, M.G., Bartella, V., Carpino, A., Aquila, S., and Ando, S., Breast cancer cell survival signal is affected by bergapten combined with an ultraviolet irradiation. FEBS Lett., 584, 2321-2326 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2010.04.001
  23. Panno, M.L., Giordano, F., Palma, M.G., Bartella, V., Rago, V., Maggiolini, M., Sisci, D., Lanzino, M., De Amicis, F., and Ando, S., Evidence that bergapten, independently of its photoactivation, enhances p53 gene expression and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 4, 469-481 (2009).
  24. Rojas, R., Bustamante, B., Bauer, J., Fernandez, I., Alban, J., and Lock, O., Antimicrobial activity of selected Peruvian medicinal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol., 88, 199-204 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00212-5
  25. Saleem, M., Lupeol, a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer dietary triterpene. Cancer Lett., 285, 109-115 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2009.04.033
  26. Saleem, M., Alam, A., Arifin, S., Shah, M.S., Ahmed, B., and Sultana, S., Lupeol, a triterpene, inhibits early responses of tumor promotion induced by benzoyl peroxide in murine skin. Pharmacol. Res., 43, 127-134 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1006/phrs.2000.0710
  27. Sonohara, R., Muramatsu, N., Ohshima, H., and Kondo, T., Difference in surface properties between Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as revealed by electrophoretic mobility measurements. Biophys. Chem., 55, 273-277 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(95)00004-H
  28. Sudharsan, P.T., Mythili, Y., Selvakumar, E., and Varalakshmi, P., Cardioprotective effect of pentacyclic triterpene, lupeol and its ester on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress. Human Exp. Toxicol., 24, 313-318 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1191/0960327105ht530oa
  29. Wang, C.F., Yang, K., Zhang, H.M., Cao, J., Fang, R., Liu, Z.L., Du, S.S., Wang, Y.Y., Deng, Z.W., and Zhou, L., Components and insecticidal activity against the maize weevils of Zanthoxylum schinifolium fruits and leaves. Molecules, 16, 3077-3088 (2011). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16043077
  30. Westh, H., Zinn, C.S., and Rosdahl, V.T., An international multicenter study of antimicrobial consumption and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 15 hospitals in 14 countries. Microb. Drug Resist., 10, 169-176 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1089/1076629041310019