DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Content of Macrominerals in Beverages, Liquid Teas, and Liquid Coffees

유통 음료, 액상차 및 액상커피의 다량무기질 함량

  • Kim, Sung-Dan (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Moon, Hyun-Kyung (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Park, Ju-Sung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Yang, Hye-Ran (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Yi, Yun-Jeong (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Han, Eun-Jung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Young-Chul (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Shin, Gi-Young (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Hun (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Chae, Young-Zoo (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
  • Received : 2012.04.06
  • Accepted : 2012.06.18
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate some macrominerals (Na, Ca, P, K, Mg) in 207 beverages, 19 liquid teas, and 24 liquid coffees. The samples were digested by microwave and determinations of macrominerals were carried out by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The elements, listed in order of mean value of macromineral content, were potassium $208.4{\pm}298.2mg/L$ ($72.2{\pm}169.8mg/container$)> calcium $89.0{\pm}161.0mg/L$ ($26.0{\pm}57.7mg/container$)> sodium $71.2{\pm}75.0mg/L$ ($20.9{\pm}27.9mg/container$)> phosphorus $55.6{\pm}91.9mg/L$ ($17.9{\pm}33.8mg/container$)> magnesium $6.1{\pm}18.4mg/L$ ($2.4{\pm}10.1mg/container$). All 250 samples contained sodium and potassium, and the detection rate of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium was 88.4%, 93.2%, and 20.4%. The mean ratio of phosphorus to calcium in beverages, liquid teas, and liquid coffees was $4.2{\pm}16.0$ (ND~164.4), and sports drinks showed the highest mean ratio ($48.5{\pm}75.6$) significantly (p<0.05). In case of sodium, detected content exceeding labeling regulations (less then 120%) was observed in 12 samples (5.5%).

본 연구는 비알콜음료 중 다량무기질 함량을 파악하기 위하여, 2010년 6~12월 중 서울지역 대형유통센터 등에서 유통되고 있는 음료 207건, 액상커피 24건 및 액상차 19건을 구입하여 습식분해로 전처리 후 ICP-OES를 이용하여 분석하였다. 다량무기질 평균 함량은 칼륨 $208.4{\pm}298.2mg/L$($72.2{\pm}169.8mg/container$, 검출율 100%)> 칼슘 $89.0{\pm}161.0mg/L$($26.0{\pm}57.7mg/container$, 검출율 88.4%)> 나트륨$71.2{\pm}75.0mg/L$($20.9{\pm}27.9mg/container$, 검출율 100%)>인 $55.6{\pm}91.9mg/L$($17.9{\pm}33.8mg/container$, 검출율 93.2%)> 마그네슘 $6.1{\pm}18.4mg/L$($2.4{\pm}10.1mg/container$, 검출율 20.4%) 순으로 높았다. 인과 칼슘의 비율은 평균 $4.2{\pm}16.0$(ND~164.4)으로 스포츠음료가 $48.5{\pm}75.6$으로 유의적으로 가장 높았으며(p<0.05), 나트륨의 경우 표시량에 대한 실측치의 비율이 120% 이상인 제품은 12개(5.5%)였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Statistics Korea. KOSIS (Korea Statistical Information Service). Available from: http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp? parentId=D. Accessed August 9, 2009.
  2. KFDA. 2011. Food Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea. p 5-16-1-5-18-18.
  3. Fray CD, Johnson RK, Wang MQ. 2004. Children and adolescent's choices of foods and beverages high in added sugars are associated with intakes of key nutrients and food groups. J Adolesc Health 34: 56-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(03)00248-9
  4. Oberby NC, Lillegaard IT, Johansson L, Anderson LF. 2003. High intakes of added sugar among Norwegian children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr 7: 285-293.
  5. Baric IC, Cvjetic S, Satalic Z. 2001. Dietary intakes among Croatian school children and adolescents. Nutr Health 15: 127-138. https://doi.org/10.1177/026010600101500206
  6. Blum JW, Jacobsen DJ, Donnelly JE. 2005. Beverage consumption patterns in elementary school aged children across a two-year period. J Am Coll Nutr 24: 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2005.10719449
  7. Marshall TA, Gilmore JME, Broffitt B, Stumbo PJ, Levy SM. 2005. Diet quality in young children is influenced by beverage consumption. J Am Coll Nutr 24: 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2005.10719445
  8. Ballew C, Juester S, Gillespie C. 2000. Beverage choices affect adequacy of children's nutrient intakes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 154: 1148-1152. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.154.11.1148
  9. Kang BS, Park MS, Cho YS, Lee JW. 2006. Beverage consumption and related factors among adolescents in the Chungnam urban area. Korean J Community Nutr 11: 469-478.
  10. Song MJ, An EM, Shon HS, Kim SB, Cha YS. 2005. A study on the status of beverage consumption of the middle school students in Jeonju. Korean J Community Nutr 10: 174-182.
  11. The Korean Nutrition Society. 2010. Dietary reference intakes for Koreans. First revision.
  12. Breslau NA, McGuire JL, Zerwekh JE, Pak CYC. 1982 The role of dietary sodium on renal excretion and intestinal absorption of calcium and on vitamin D metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 55: 369-373. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-55-2-369
  13. Ock SM, Kim CM, Ock CM, Choi WS. 2002. Bone acquisition related health behavior factors and nutritional uptake in high school girl student. J Korean Acad Fam Med 23: 905-916.
  14. Kim SH, Choi BY. 2001. Ca and P balance in Korean female adolescent. Korean J Nutr 34: 433-439.
  15. Kang MH, Yoon KS. 2009. Elementary school students' amounts of sugar, sodium, and fats exposure through intake of processed food. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 52-61. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.1.052
  16. Lee SK, Chang EJ, Choi JC, Bahn KN, Kim MH. 2010. Current assessment of sodium and potassium intakes in elementary and middle school students through school meals. Korean J Food Sci Technol 42: 578-585.
  17. Kim SD, Yun ES, Chang MS, Park YA, Jung SO, Kim DG, Kim YC, Chae YZ, Kim MY. 2009. Survey of daily caffeine intakes from children's beverage consumption and the effectiveness of nutrition education. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 709-720.a https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.6.709
  18. Chung SJ, Kim JH, Lee JS, Lee DH, Kim SH. 2004. A suggestion to develop a nutrition policy on food and nutrition labeling and education systems for fast food and carbonated soft drinks in Korea. Korean J Nutr 37: 394-405.
  19. KFDA. 2008. Food Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration. Munyoungsa, Seoul, Korea. p appendix 1-39.
  20. Pedro NAR, Oliveira E, Cadore S. 2006. Study of the mineral content of chocolate flavoured beverages. Food Chem 95: 94-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.12.021
  21. Sung CJ. Yoon YH. 2000. The study of Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni contents of serum, hair, nail and urine for female college students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29: 99-105.
  22. Jeong HK, Kim JY, Lee HS, Kim JY. 1997. The effect of dietary calcium and phosphate levels on calcium and bone metabolism in rats. Korean J Nutr 30: 813-824.
  23. Avioli LV. 1988. Calcium and phosphorus. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 7th ed. Shils ME, Young VR, eds. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, PA, USA. p 142-158.

Cited by

  1. High fructose and high fat diet increased bone volume of trabecular and cortical bone in growing female rats vol.48, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2015.48.5.381
  2. Macromineral intake in non-alcoholic beverages for children and adolescents: Using the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV, 2007-2009) vol.46, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2013.46.1.50
  3. Comparison of Ash and Mineral Contents in Local Agricultural Products vol.29, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.6.1015
  4. Comparison of mineral and ash contents in commercial beverages vol.28, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2021.28.6.758
  5. Mineral Balance and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: Focus on Calcium and Phosphorus Intake vol.9, pp.11, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111525