Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to determine residues of cyromazine, a triazine insecticide, in agricultural commodities. Cyromazine was extracted with 90% aqueous methanol from representative crops which comprised brown rice, oyster mushroom, oriental melon, watermelon, and Chinese cabbage. Following to evaporation of methanol in the extract, the aqueous concentrate was acidified to form the protonated cyromazine. Dichloromethane partition was then applied to remove nonpolar co-extractives in the aqueous phase. Strong cation-exchange chromatography using Dowex 50W-X4 resin was employed for final purification of the extract. Cyromazine was successfully separated on a Zorbax SB-Aq $C_{18}$ column showing high retention for polar compounds. Cyromazine was sensitively quantitated by ultraviolet absorption at 214 nm. Limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the method was 0.04 mg/kg irrespective of sample types. Each crops were fortified at 3 different concentrations of cyromazine for recovery test. Mean recoveries from samples fortified at LOQ~2.0 mg/kg in triplicate ranged 80.2~103.3% in five agricultural commodities. Relative standard deviations in recoveries were all less than 6%. A selected-ion monitoring LC/MS method with electrospray ionization in positive-ion mode was also provided to confirm the suspected residue. The proposed method was reproducible and sensitive enough to routinely determine and inspect the residue of cyromazine in agricultural commodities.
HPLC-UVD/MS를 이용하여 triazine계 살충제인 cyromazine의 농산물 중 잔류분석법을 확립하였다. 현미, 참외, 수박, 느타리버섯 및 배추 등 농산물 시료로부터 cyromazine을 90% methanol로 추출한 후 산성화에 의하여 이온화시킨 후 dichloromethane으로 세척함으로써 대부분의 비극성 간섭물질을 분배과정에서 제거할 수 있었다. 추출액은 최종적으로 양이온교환크로마토그래피법으로 정제하여 방해물질을 최소화하였다. 극성 화합물에 대하여 긴 머무름 특성을 나타내는 $C_{18}$ 칼럼을 선정, 이용함으로써 간섭물질과의 최적 분리조건을 확립하였다. 농산물 중 cyromazine의 정량한계(LOQ)는 0.04 mg/kg이었으며 정량한계, 정량한계의 10배 및 50배 수준으로 처리한 농산물 시료로부터의 회수율은 80.2~103.3% 범위였다. 농산물 시료의 종류 및 처리수준에 관계없이 분석오차는 6% 미만이었다. 또한 LC/MS SIM을 이용한 잔류분의 재확인법을 추가로 확립하였다. 본 연구에서 확립한 triazine계 살충제인 cyromazine의 잔류분석법은 검출한계, 회수율 및 분석오차 면에서 국제적 잔류분석기준을 만족할 뿐만 아니라 분석과정의 편이성을 고려할 때 일상적 잔류량 정량 및 검사를 위한 공정분석법으로 충분히 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.
