Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회지)

The Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Activation of the Triceps Surae During Heel Raising Depend on the Knee Joint Flexion Angles

무릎관절 굽힘 각도에 따른 뒤꿈치 들기 동안 종아리 세갈래근의 활성도

  • Received : 2013.07.23
  • Accepted : 2013.08.28
  • Published : 2013.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of triceps surae activation during heel raise test in standing among knee flexion angles($0^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$). METHODS: Twenty healthy individuals performed unilateral plantarflexion in standing with $0^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$ knee flexion. Activity of medial gastrocnemius(MG), lateral gastrocnemius(LG), soleus(Sol) was recorded with surface electromyography(EMG). RESULT: The muscle activations induced the four different positions were compared and results showed that was significant difference MG and LG while the angle increase from $0^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$ but Sol did not show significant differences in every angle. CONCLUSION: This study suggest that $30^{\circ}C$ knee flexion is required to induce a significant mechanical disadvantage of gastrocnemius.

Keywords

References

  1. Abbiss CR, Burnett A, Nosaka K, et al. Effect of hot versus cold climates on power output, muscle activation, and perceived fatigue during a dynamic 100-km cycling trial. J Sports Sci. 2010;28(2):117-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903406216
  2. Arampatzis A, De Monte G, Karamanidis K, et al. Influence of the muscle-tendon unit's mechanical and morphological properties on running economy. J Exp Biol. 2006a;209(17):345-57.
  3. Arampatzis A, Karamanidis K, Stafilidis S, et al. Effect of different ankle-and knee-joint positions on gastrocnemius medialis fascicle length and EMG activity during isometric plantar flexion. J Biomech. 2006b;39(10):1891-902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.05.010
  4. Anderson FC, Pandy MG. Storage and utilization of elastic strain energy during jumping. J Biomech. 1993; 26(12):1413-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(93)90092-S
  5. Basmajian JV, Deluc CJ. Muscles alive: Their function revealed by electromyography (5th ed.). Baltimore, MD:Williams & Wilkins. 1985.
  6. Brotzman SB, Wilk KE. Handbook of orthopaedic rehabilitation (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby. 2007.
  7. Clarkson HM. Musculoskeletal assessment: Joint range of motion and manual muscle strength (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2000.
  8. Cresswell AG, Loscher WN, Thorstensson A. Influence of GAS muscle length on triceps surae torque development and electromyographic activity in man. Exp Brain Res. 1995; (105):3283-90.
  9. Fleck SJ, Kraemer WJ. Designing resistance training programs (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 1997.
  10. Fukunaga T, Kubo K, Kawakami Y, et al. In vivo behaviour of human muscle tendon during walking. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Bio Sci. 2001;268(1464):229-33. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1361
  11. Henneman E, Somjen G, Carpenter DO. Functional significance of cell size in spinal motorneurons. J Neurophysiol. 1965;28(3):560-80.
  12. Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Merletti R, et al. SENIAM 8: European recommendations for surface electromyography, deliverable of the SENIAM project. Enschede, Netherlands: Roessingh Researchand Development. 1999.
  13. Higgins R, English B, Brukner P. Essential sports medicine. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2006.
  14. Hislop HJ, Montgomery J. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle testing. 8th ed. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. 2008.
  15. Ishikawa M, Komi PV, Grey MJ, et al. Muscletendon interaction and elastic energy usage in human walking. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99(2):603-8. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00189.2005
  16. Jacobs R, Bobbert MF, Van Ingen Schenau GJ. Mechanical output from individual muscles during explosive leg extensions: the role of biarticular muscles. J Biomech. 1996;29(4):513-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)00067-4
  17. Kawakami Y, Ichinose Y, Fukunaga T. Architectural and functional features of human triceps surae muscles during contraction. J Appl Physiol. 1998;85(2):398-404.
  18. Kawakami AY, Kumagai K, Huijing PA, et al. The length-force characteristics of human gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in vivo, in: W. Herzog (Ed.), Skeletal Muscle Mechanics: From Mechanisms to Function, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. 2000;327-41.
  19. Kendall HO, Kendall FP, Wadsworth GE. Muscles: Testing and function, 1st ed Baltimore. Williams and Wilkins. 1993.
  20. Kennedy PM, Cresswell AG. The effect of muscle length on motor-unit recruitment during isometric plantar flexion in humans. Exp Brain Res. 2001;137(1):58-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002210000623
  21. Khan KM, Maffulli N. Tendinopathy: an Achilles' heel for athletes and clinicians. Clin J Sport Med. 1998; 8(3):151-4. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042752-199807000-00001
  22. Kolt GS, Snyder-Mackler L. Physical therapies in sport and exercise(2nd ed.). Philadelphia. PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. 2007.
  23. LeVeau B. Williams and Lissner's Biomechanics of Human Motion 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1992.
  24. Lichtwark GA, Wilson AM. Effects of series elasticity and activation conditions on muscle power output and efficiency. J Exp Biol. 2005;208(15):2845-53. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01710
  25. Maganaris CN. Force-length characteristics of the in vivo human gastrocnemius muscle. Clin Anato. 2003;16(3):215-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.10064
  26. Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment (5th ed.). Saint Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. 2008.
  27. McGowan CP, Neptune RR, Kram R. Independent effects of weight and mass on plantar flexor activity during walking: implications for their contributions to body support and forward propulsion. J Appl Physiol. 2008;105(2):486-94. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90448.2008
  28. Mendell, LM. The size principle: a rule describing the recruitment of motoneurons. J Neurophysiol. 2005; 93(6):3024-6. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00023.2004
  29. Merletti R, Tonio P. Standards for reporting EMG data. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1999;9(1):III-V
  30. Miaki H, Someya F, Tachino K. A comparison of electrical activity in the triceps surae at maximum isometric contraction with the knee and ankle at various angles. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999;80(3):185-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050580
  31. Milner-Brown HS, Stein RB, Yemm R. The orderly recruitment of human motor units during voluntary isometric contractions. J Physiol. 1973;230(2):359-70. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010192
  32. Neptune RR, Sasaki K, Kautz SA. The effect of walking speed on muscle function and mechanical energetics. Gait Posture. 2008;28(1):135-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.11.004
  33. Perry J, Easterday CS, Antonelli DJ. Surface versus intramuscular electrodes for electromyography of superficial and deep muscles. Phys Ther. 1981; 61(1):7-15.
  34. Price TB, Kamen G, Damon BM, et al. Comparison of MRI with EMG to study muscle activity associated with dynamic plantar flexion. Magn Reson Imaging. 2003;21(8):853-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0730-725X(03)00183-8
  35. Sasaki K, Neptune RR. Differences in muscle function during walking and running at the same speed. J Biomech. 2006;39(11):2005-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.06.019
  36. Soderberg GL. Kinesiology: Application to Pathological Motion. Baltimore. Williams & Wilkins. 1997
  37. Stafilidis S, Arampatzis A. Muscle-tendon unit mechanical and morphological properties and sprint performance. J Sport Sci. 2007;25(9):1035-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410600951589
  38. Tucker KJ, Tuncer M, Türker KS. A review of the H-reflex and Mwave in the human triceps surae. Hum Mov Sci. 2005;24(5-6):667-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2005.09.010
  39. Winter DA. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement (3rd ed.). Edison, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 2005.

Cited by

  1. 수직점프 시 비탄력 테이핑이 발목 발등굽힘과 하퇴삼두근의 근활성도에 미치는 영향 vol.11, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2016.11.4.11
  2. Comparison of Triceps Surae EMG in Plantar Flexion Test of MMT at Different Knee Angles vol.10, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7236/ijibc.2018.10.1.6