Journal of Families and Better Life (가정과삶의질연구)

Korean Home Management Association (가정과삶의질학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Analysis of the Relations among Cellular Phone Dependency, Its Use Levels of Usage Purposes, and Individual and Interpersonal Relations Development in Children by Gender

아동의 성별 휴대전화 의존도와 사용 목적별 사용 수준, 개인적 및 대인관계 발달간의 관계 분석

  • Received : 2013.07.15
  • Accepted : 2013.10.03
  • Published : 2013.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the differences in cellular phone dependency and its use levels of usage purposes according to children's gender, and also to analyze the differences in individual and interpersonal relations development due to cellular phone dependency in children based on gender. Using the first year data of the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) 2010, this study analyzed 1,604 fourth graders who have their own cellular phones. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics were calculated and mean difference analyses were conducted. The results showed that there was no difference between boys and girls in cellular phone dependency. The girls' total phone use level was higher than that of boys and meaningful gender differences in the phone use levels were found in the five phone usage purposes. In both boys and girls, the higher phone dependency groups demonstrated higher levels of phone use in more than eight usage purposes, lower self-resilience and self-regulating learning ability, and less positive peer and teacher relations. These findings show the importance of being concerned about and educating children in the fourth grade about the proper uses of cellular phones.

Keywords

References

  1. Augner, C. & Hacker, G. W. (2012). Associations between problematic mobile phone use and psychological parameters in young adults. International Journal of Public Health, 57, 437-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-011-0234-z
  2. Bianchi, A. & Phillips, J. G. (2005). Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 8, 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2005.8.39
  3. Block, J. & Kremen, A. M. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency:Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 349-361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.349
  4. Choi, E. (2006). A study on teenagers' addictiveness on cellular phone living in local area specialized in students in Pochon. Unpublished master's thesis. Kook-Min University, Seoul.
  5. Choi, H. (2011). Moderating effects of the ego-resiliency and parent-adolescent communication on school stress and internet addiction of middle school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Keimyung University, Daegu.
  6. Choi, O. (2010). The relationship with mobile phone addiction, self-control and scholastic achievement in elementary school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Chungnam National University, Daejeon.
  7. Choi, S. H. (2008). The relations among use of internet and cellular phone, self-control, and academic achievement with middle school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Pukyung National University, Busan.
  8. Erickson, E. (1950). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
  9. Garmezy, N. (1993). Children in poverty: Resilience despite risk. Psychiatry, 56, 127-136.
  10. Han, H. J. & Yoon, M. S. (2010). The impact of adolescents' stress on mobile-phone overuse according to grades and gender. Journal of Youth Research, 17(6), 21-46.
  11. Han, S. H. (2010). The moderating effects of ego-resilience in the relationships between daily stress and risk of internet gaming addiction. Unpublished master's thesis. Sookmyung University, Seoul.
  12. Han, S. S. & Oh, K. S. (2006). A study on cellular phone addition symptom dependent on interpersonal relationship types and using inclination. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 20(4), 371-405.
  13. Jang, H. (2002). The psychological characteristics of adolescents addictive using cellular phone. Unpublished master's thesis. Sungshin Women's University, Seoul.
  14. Jeong, H. S. (2009). The influence of attachment to mother school adjustment on the elementary school students' optimism. Unpublished master's thesis. Dankook University, Seoul.
  15. Kang, D. (2005). The relationships among internal-external control, academic self-efficacy, overuse of mobile phone and academic achievement. Unpublished master's thesis. Kyungnam University, Masan.
  16. Katz, E., Gurevitch, M., & Haas, H. (1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. American Sociological Review, 38, 164-181. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094393
  17. Kim, D. H. & Oh, M. S. (2012). Exploration of the risk factors of adolescents' cell phone addiction. The Second Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 312-331. Seoul, Korea.
  18. Kim, E. K. (2007). Differences in the self-control and self regulatory learning abilitiy according to high school students' cellular phone using levels. Unpublished master's thesis. Ajou University, Soowon.
  19. Kim, H. (2012). The difference of psychological characteristics according to cell phone dependency and use purpose in cell phone users of adolescences. The Second Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 837-853. Seoul, Korea.
  20. Kim, J. M. (2013). A structural analysis on adolescents' internet overindulgence and its related variables. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu.
  21. Kim, S. H. (2005). Correlation between psychological characteristics and school adjustment of high school students addicted to cell-phones. Unpublished master's thesis. Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul.
  22. Kim, S. Y. (2006). A study on the difference in the internet activities, self control, self regulated learning and academic achievement according to the level of internet addiction among middle school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  23. Kim, S. Y. (2009). The relationships among the mobile phone addiction, impulsivity, self-control and school adjustment for the elementary school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Sunchon National University, Sunchon.
  24. Kim, S. Y., Lee, S., & Hwang, H. (2011). A study of the factors affecting adoption of a smartphone. Entrue Journal of information Technology, 10(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.3923/itj.2011.29.39
  25. Korea Internet & Security Agency(2010). 2010 survey on the internet usage. Retreived from http://www.kisa.or.kr./public/library/etcView.jsp?regno=017671&searchType=&searchKeyword=&pageIndex=2
  26. Kwon, J. E. (2003). The relation of ego-resilience, parent and peer attachment, and problem-solving. Unpublished master's thesis. Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  27. Lee, A. L. & Lee, K. Y. (2012). The effects of parental factors, friend's factors, and psychological factors on the addictive mobile phone use of children. Journal of Child Education, 21(2), 27-39.
  28. Lee, G. S. & Lee, J. H. (2008). Children's cellular phone usage and relationships between the usage and self-efficacy and self-control. Journal of Korean Living Science Association, 7(2), 271-278.
  29. Lee, H. G. (2008). Exploration the predicting variables affecting the addictive mobile phone use. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 22(1), 133-157.
  30. Lee, H. N. (2010). Impact of using mobile phones and selfcontrol on school adjustment in middle schoolers. Unpublished master's thesis. Chonnam National University, Kwangju.
  31. Lee, H. Y. (2011). The relationship between internet game addiction, depression, and anger in late childhood. Unpublished master's thesis. Hanyang University, Seoul.
  32. Lee, J. S. & Myung, S. (2007). A study of adolescents' peer relation and school life mal adjustment according to their mobile phone use and addiction. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 25(4), 67-86.
  33. Lee, J. Y. (2011). Survey on parents' recognition about smartphone applications for early childhood education. Unpublished master's thesis. Kyunghee University, Seoul.
  34. Lee, M. (2009). The influence of face to face communication variables and self traits on adolescents internet addictions focusing on communication unwillingness, family communication pattern, self efficacy and ego resiliency. Journal of Adolescent Welfare, 11(3), 99-127.
  35. Lee, S., Kim, H., Na, E., Lee, S., Kim, S., Bae, J., & Choi, B. (2002). Adolescents' cellular phone using and it's effects on them. Research Report 2002-1. Institute of Sociomental Health, Samsung Life Public Welfare Foundation.
  36. Lee, W. S. & Sung, Y. H. (2012). Mothers' perceptions of their preschool children's smartphone use. Korean Journal of Child Care and Education, 6(1), 20-38.
  37. Lee, Y. O. (2007). Relationship among school children's cellular-phone addiction, psychological characteristics and academic achievement. Unpublished master's thesis. Kyungnam University, Masan.
  38. Leung, L. & Wei, R. (2000). More than just talk on the move: Uses and gratifications of the cellular phone. Journalism and Mass Communication, 77(2), 308-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700206
  39. Ling, R. (1998). We will be reached: The use of mobile telephony among Norsegian youth. Telenor R & D Report, pp. 16-98.
  40. Min, B. (1991). The effects of school adjustment and self concept on academic achievement. Unpublished master's thesis. Hongik University, Seoul.
  41. Na, E. (2002). Gender differences in new media use and values mobile phones and internet. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 16(2), 77-115.
  42. National Youth Policy Institute (2012a). Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey. Retrieved from http://archive.nypi.re.kr/sub.asp?Mcode=C030000
  43. National Youth Policy Institute (2012b). The first year data of Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) elementary 4 panel. Retrieved from http://archive.nypi.re.kr/sub.asp?BID=B36&idx=1875&BoardType=view&page=2&Search_m=&Search_t=&Mcode=C030000
  44. National Youth Policy Institute (2012c). User's guide for the first and second years of Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) elementary 4 panel. Retrieved from http://archive.nypi.re.kr/sub.asp?BID=B36&idx=1836&BoardType=view&page=4&Search_m=&Search_t=&Mcode=C030000
  45. Park, G., Kim, G., & Hong, C. (2012). The relationships between adolescents' cellular phone use motivation, peer relationships, emotional factors and cellular phone addictive use. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31(1), 151-169. https://doi.org/10.15842/kjcp.2012.31.1.008
  46. Park, I. & Shin, D. (2010). Using the uses and gratifications theory to understanding the usage and the gratifications of smartphones. Journal of Communication Science, 10(4), 192-225.
  47. Park, J. Y. (2007). Gender differences and game types affecting computer game addiction among elementary school students. Unpublished master's thesis. Yonsei University, Seoul.
  48. Peterson, J. L. & Zill, N. (1986). Marital distruption, parent-child relationships, and behavior problems in children. Journal of Marriage and Family, 48, 295-307. https://doi.org/10.2307/352397
  49. Seung, E. & Jin, S. (2012). The impacts of cell phone dependency and its using purposes on the self-regulative learning abilities and academic achievement of adolescents. The Second Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 289-307. Seoul, Korea.
  50. Shim, R. H. (2004). The relationship between internet addiction and self-efficacy, self-control, parent-child relationship and peer relationship. Unpublished master's thesis. Chuncheon National University of Education, Chuncheon.
  51. Song, M. J. (2010). Developmental psychology. Seoul, Korea: Hakjisa.
  52. Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
  53. Sung, Y. (2006). Mobile phone dependency and social delinquency among Korean adolescents. Studies on Korean Youth, 17(2), 291-321.
  54. Yang, M. (2000). The Study on the development and validation of self-regulated learning model. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul.
  55. Yang, S. Y. & Park, Y. S. (2005). A prediction model of cellular phone addiction tendency among adolescents. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, 43(4), 1-16.
  56. Yoo, S. & Shim, H. (2002). Psychological protective in resilient adolescents in Korea. Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 16(4), 189-206.
  57. Yoon, D. (2005). The effects of peer group characteristics on using cellular phones in adolescents. Unpublished master's thesis. Myungji University, Seoul.
  58. Young, K. S. & Rodgers, R. C. (1998). The relationship between depression and internet addiction. Cyber-Psychology & Behavior, 1(1), 25-28. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.25