Journal of Animal Environmental Science (한국축산시설환경학회지)

The Korean Society of Animal Environmental Science & Technology (한국축산환경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of the Addition of Carbohydrate on the Concentration of Odorous Compounds in Pig Slurry

양돈 슬러리에 첨가된 발효탄수화물의 종류별 악취물질 농도 비교

  • Received : 2013.08.26
  • Accepted : 2013.09.15
  • Published : 2013.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Slurry treatments included peanut shell, palm golden fiber, almond hull, which was added 2% of the amount of slurry, and non-treatment control (n=4 each group). Levels of odorous compounds were measured from the liquid slurry incubated in $20^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk in chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Concentration of phenols and indoles was higher (p<0.05) in control (48.4, 4.0 ppm) compared to almond hull (31.5, 1.4 ppm) or palm golden fiber (29.1, 1.6 ppm) group. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) level was lowest (p<0.05) in control (2,121 ppm) but highest in peanut shell group (3,640 ppm). Branched chain fatty acid (BCFA) concentration was highest (p<0.05) in peanut shell (296 ppm), but lowest in almond hull (90 ppm). Taken together, concentration of odorous compounds was decreased by addition of almond hull in pig slurry by which crude fiber and non-digestible fiber (NDF) may act as a carbon source.

Keywords

References

  1. Conn, K.L., Topp, E., Lazarovits, G., 2007. Factors influencing the concentration of volatile fatty acids, ammonia and other nutrients in stored liquid pig manure. J. Environ. qual. 36, 440-447. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0222
  2. Cooper, P., Cornforth, I.S., 1978. Volatile fatty acids in stored animal slurry. J. Sci. of Food and Agric. 29, 19-27. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740290104
  3. DeCamp, S.A., Hill, B.E., Hankins, S.L., Bundy, D.C., Powers, W.J., 2001. Effects of soybean hulls in commercial diet on pig performance, manure composition, and selected air quality parameters in swine facilities. J. Anim. Sci. 79, 250.
  4. Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics. 11, 1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
  5. Gibson, G.R., Roberfroid, M.B., 1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota introducing the concept of prebiotics. J. Nutr. 125, 1401-1412.
  6. Goa, Y., Rideout, T., Lackeyram, D., Archbold, T., Fan, M.Z., Squires, E.J., Duns C.F.M., de Lange, G., Smith, T. K., 1999. Manipulation of hindgut fermentation to reduce the excretion of selected odorcausing compounds in pigs. In: Proceedings of Canadian Pork Council: Symposium of The Hog Environmental Management Strategy, Ontario, Canada, 24-29.
  7. Hobbs, P.J., Misselbrook, T.H., Cumby, T. R., 1999. Production and emission of odors and gases from ageing pig waste. J. Agric. Engng. Res. 72, 291-298. https://doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1998.0372
  8. Jensen, M.T., Cox, R.P., Jensen, B.B., 1995. 3-Methylindole (skatole) and indole production by mixed populations of pig fecal bacteria. Appl. and Environ. Microbiol. 61(8), 3180-3184.
  9. Jensen, B.B., Jorgensen, H., 1994. Effect of dietary fiber on microbial activity and microbial gas production in various regions of the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60(6):1897-1904.
  10. Knarreborg, A., Beck, J., Jensen, M.T., Laue, A., Agergaard, N., Jensen, B.B., 2002. Effects of non-starch polysaccharides on production and absorption of indolic compounds in entire male pigs. Anim. Sci. 74, 445-453.
  11. Ministry of Environment (MEV), 2005. Offensive Odor Control Law. MEV, Sejong, Korea.
  12. Ministry of Environment (MEV), 2006. MEV 2006 Business Report. MEV, Sejong, Korea.
  13. National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), 2012. Korean Feeding Standard for Swine: Nutrient Requirement of Swine. NIAS, Suwon, Korea.
  14. Reid, C.A., Hillman, K., 1999. The effects of retrogradation and amylose/amylopectin ratio of starches on carbohydrate fermentation and microbial population in the porcine colon. Anim. Sci. 68(3):503-510.
  15. Rideout, T.C., Fan, M.Z., Cant, J.P., Wagner-Riddle, C., Stonehouse, P., 2004. Excretion of major odor-causing and acidifying compounds in response to dietary supplementation of chicory inulin in growing pig. J. Anim. Sci. 82, 1678-1684. https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.8261678x
  16. SAS. 1996. SAS/STAT(R) software for PC. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  17. Schaefer, J., 1977. Sampling characterization and analysis of malodours. Agric, Environ. 3, 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-1131(77)90003-0
  18. Spoelstra, S.F., 1977. Simple phenols and indoles in anaerobically stored piggery wastes. J. Sci. of Food and Agric. 28, 415-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740280504
  19. Sutton, A.L., Kephart, K.B., Verstegen, M. W., Canh, T.T., Hobbs, P.J., 1999. Potential for reduction of odorous compounds in swine manure through diet modification. J. Anim. Sci. 77, 430-439.
  20. Williams, A. G., Evans, M. R., 1981. Storage of piggery slurry. Agricultural Wastes. 3, 11-321.
  21. Willing, S., Losel, D., Claus, R., 2005. Effects of resistant potato starch on odor emission from feces in swine production units. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 1173-1178. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048658+
  22. Wu, J.J., Park, S.H., Hengemuehle, S.M., Yokoyama, M.T., Person, H.L., Gerrish, J. B., Masten, S. J., 1999. The use of ozone to reduce the concentration of malodorous metabolites in swine manure slurry. J. Agric. Engng. Res. 72, 317-327. https://doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1998.0378
  23. Ye, F.X., Zhu, R.F., Li, Y., 2009. Deodorization of swine manure slurry using horseradish peroxidase and peroxides. J. Hazard. Mater. 167, 148-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.096

Cited by

  1. Rapid and Simultaneous Determination of Volatile Fatty Acids and Indoles in Pig Slurry and Dog Excrement by Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction Method with Gas Chromatography vol.23, pp.10, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.23.10.1693