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Selection of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Germplasm for Improvement Anti-diabetic Compound Contents

혈당조절기능 물질 함량이 높은 여주 유전자원 선발

  • Kim, Ae Kyung (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hee Ju (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Oh, Myung-Min (Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Woo Moon (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Sang Gyu (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chae, Won Byoung (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Hak Soon (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yang, Eun Young (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Huh, Yun Chan (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Dong Kum (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Su (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science Rural Development Administration)
  • 김애경 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 이희주 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 오명민 (충북대학교 원예과학과) ;
  • 이우문 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 이상규 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 채원병 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 최학순 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 양은영 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 허윤찬 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 박동금 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 김수 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과)
  • Received : 2013.10.23
  • Accepted : 2013.11.25
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is an important vegetable crop of several countries in the tropics. Although bitter gourd fruits contain bioactive components with many important medicinal properties, it is usually grown as an ornamental in Korea. Bitter gourd has recently received growing attention due to its anti-diabetic compound in immature fruits. But there have been few researches on its cultural practices and functional components. This study was conducted to analyze charantin, anti-diabetic compound, contents among germplasm to select accessions with high charantin content in bitter gourd. The charantin content of bitter gourd fruits were investigated in 15 days after fruit setting among 31 accessions of bitter gourd by HPLC. The contents of charantin and yields ranged from 15.1 to 161.4 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry-weight basis and 221 to 2,097 g by a plant, respectively. Five accessions, 'K169998', 'K042800', 'K170002', 'Hwanock' and 'Nockwoo' showed highest charantin contents as 143.7, 104.6, 103.5, 161.4, $101.1{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$, respectively. These results can be applied for selection methods to determine bitter gourd accessions with highest charantin content, which have a potential to be an anti-diabetic diet. Future breeding and genetic emphases in bitter gourd improvement should be placed on the development of nutritious, high-yielding cultivars with superior resistance to major diseases and exceptional fruit quality. This study can be used for preliminary data in stable, high quality bitter gourd production and selection. Further studies are needed to understand underlying mechanism determining charantin content variations in different fruit maturation stages in bitter gourd.

여주는 몇몇 열대지역에서 중요한 채소 작물이다. 여주 과실이 의학적으로 효능이 있는 활성물질을 포함하고 있음에도 불구하고, 한국에서는 주로 장식용으로 이용되어 왔다. 최근 여주의 미숙과실에 있는 항당뇨성분 때문에 여주에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 재배법과 기능성성분에 대한 연구가 거의 수행되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 항 당뇨성분인 카란틴 성분 함량이 높은 유전자원을 선발하기 위하여 카란틴 성분을 분석하였다. 여주 과실의 카란틴 성분 분석은 31자원의 인공교배된 착과 후 15일 경과한 과실을 이용하였다. 카란틴 함량은 15.1~161.4 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$이었으며, 건물중은 221~2,097 g이었다. 'K169998', 'K042800', 'K170002', 'Hwanock' 그리고 'Nockwoo' 5개 계통의 카란틴 함량은 각각 143.7, 104.6, 103.5, 161.4, 101.1 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$이었다. 이러한 결과는 항 당뇨 성분인 카란틴 함량이 높은 여주자원 선발에 활용될 수 있으며, 안정적인 고품질 여주 자원 선발에 기초자료로 이용될 것이다. 향후 여주의 수확시기가 어떻게 카란틴 함량 변화에 관여하는지에 대한 기작 규명 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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