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Performance Evaluation of Underwater Acoustic Communication in Frequency Selective Shallow Water

주파수 선택적인 천해해역에서 수중음향통신 성능해석

  • Park, Kyu-Chil (Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Park, Jihyun (Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung Wook (Research and Development Department2, Gumi Plant Hanwha Co.) ;
  • Jung, Jin Woo (Research and Development Department2, Gumi Plant Hanwha Co.) ;
  • Shin, Jungchae (Research and Development Department2, Gumi Plant Hanwha Co.) ;
  • Yoon, Jong Rak (Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • Received : 2013.01.08
  • Accepted : 2013.02.15
  • Published : 2013.03.31

Abstract

An underwater acoustic (UWA) communication in shallow water is strongly affected by the water surface and the seabed acoustical properties. Every reflected signal to receiver experiences a time-variant scattering in sea surface roughness and a grazing-angle-dependent reflection loss in bottom. Consequently, the performance of UWA communication systems is degraded, and high-speed digital communication is disrupted. If there is a dominant signal path such as a direct path, the received signal is modeled statistically as Rice fading but if not, it is modeled as Rayleigh fading. However, it has been known to be very difficult to reproduce the statistical estimation by real experimental evaluation in the sea. To give an insight for this scattering and grazing-angle-dependent bottom reflection loss effect in UWA communication, authors conduct experiments to quantify these effects. The image is transmitted using binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) modulation. The quality of the received image is shown to be affected by water surface scattering and grazing-angle-dependent bottom reflection loss. The analysis is based on the transmitter to receiver range and the receiver depth dependent image quality and bit error rate (BER). The results show that the received image quality is highly dependent on the transmitter-receiver range and receiver depth which characterizes the channel coherence bandwidth.

천해에서 수중음향통신은 해면과 해저의 음향특성에 강한 영향을 받는다. 시변적인 해면 산란과 입사각에 좌우되는 해저손실에 의해 수중통신 시스템의 성능은 영향을 받게 되어 고속의 디지털 통신 성능은 저하된다. 우세한 직접파가 존재하면 통신채널은 Rice 페이딩, 그렇지 않은 경우 Rayleigh 페이딩으로 모델링된다. 그러나 실해역의 실험으로 이러한 통계적인 채널 모델링을 검증하는 것은 어려운 연구주제로 알려져 있다. 해면산란과 해저반사 손실이 수중음향통신에 미치는 영향의 근원적인 이해를 돕기 위하여 저자들은 이들의 영향을 정량화하기 위한 천해 해역에서 실험을 수행하였다. 이진 주파수 천이 변조 방식으로 영상을 전송하여 해면산란과 해저 입사각에 좌우되는 해저반사 영향을 송신기와 수신기간의 거리, 수신기 깊이에 따른 영상의 양호성과 비트 오류율로 평가하였다. 결론적으로 영상의 전송 성능은 채널의 일관성 대역폭을 결정하는 송수신기간의 거리 및 수신기의 깊이에 좌우된다.

Keywords

References

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