Environmental and Resource Economics Review (자원ㆍ환경경제연구)

Korean Resource Economics Association (한국자원경제학회)
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Effect of Awareness on the Change of Polluting Emission - Analysis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis-

인식수준이 환경오염물질 배출량 변화에 미치는 영향 -환경쿠즈네츠 곡선 가설 연구-

  • Received : 2013.04.09
  • Accepted : 2013.08.20
  • Published : 2013.09.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain the causes of the phenomenon that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis suggests that the increasing the emissions level of environmental pollutants starting to decrease as a certain income level is reached, associating microeconomic variables such as awareness level. Effects of the level of awareness differs depending on the characteristics of the impacts of pollutants- either regional or global. Furthermore, the study identifies that the impacts on the change in emissions inventory differ. The study empirically examines and concludes that the turning point where the emission level of environmental pollutants starts to decrease is over- or under-estimated if the differing responses between the level of awareness and its effect on pollutants are ignored. In addition, the level of emissions starts to decrease at a lower level of income in case of regional effect from pollutant than the global effect from it. Finally, the study implies that investing more efforts and resources to improve the level of people's awareness on environmental quality is effective if the government is to alter the increasing path of emission level.

본 연구는 환경쿠즈네츠 곡선 가설이 제시하는 환경오염물질의 배출량이 증가하다가 일정 소득 이상이 되면 감소하는 현상에 대해, 그 원인을 미시적인 변수인 인식수준과 연관 지어 설명하는데 목적이 있다. 인식수준은 오염물질의 영향이 지역적(이산화황)이냐 아니면 지구적(이산화탄소)이냐에 따라, 다르게 형성되며, 이에 따라 배출량 변화에 미치는 영향도 상이하게 나타날 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이를 실증적으로 살펴보면, 오염물질 영향과 인식수준 간에 발생하는 상이한 반응 작용을 간과한 경우, 환경오염물질 배출량이 증가하다가 감소하는 전환점이 과소 혹은 과대 추정될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 더불어 오염물질의 영향이 지역적이냐 지구적이냐에 따라, 인식수준에 미치는 영향에 차이가 발생하여, 지역적 오염물질이 글로벌 오염물질에 비해 더 낮은 소득 수준에서 배출량이 증가에서 감소로 전환되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 도출할 수 있는 정책적 시사점은, 지역적 오염물질에 비해 글로벌 오염물질인 이산화탄소의 저감을 위해서는, 교육과 홍보 등 정부의 적극적 노력이 요구되며, 규제 및 저탄소 기술 개발과 동일한 수준의 국민 의식제고를 위한 노력과 자원 투자가 필요하다는 점이다.

Keywords

References

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