Effects of Infrared Heating on Cooking Properties of Brown Rice

적외선 가열처리가 현미의 취반특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kang, Eun-Jung (Rural Development Administration, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Yoo, Young-Mi (Dason Food Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Cho, Eun-Kyung (Dason Food Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Choi, Eun-Hee (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Jeon, Hye-Ri (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Kwon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University)
  • Published : 2013.02.28

Abstract

The effects of infrared heating (micronizing) on the cooking and organoleptic properties of brown rice were studied. Brown rice was infrared-heated at 105, 110, 120, and $130^{\circ}C$ for an appropriate duration of moisture content decrease by 1, 3, and 5%. To evaluate the effect of the soaking process, brown rice was soaked in water for 10, 20, and 30 min and then infrared-heated at 105, 110, and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively, until the water content (14%) prior to soaking was reached. Infrared heating caused the formation of stress cracks inside the rice endosperm with the partial rupture of pericarps leading to kernel breakage after cooking. The formation of stress crack was reduced significantly when brown rice was soaked before infrared heating. The Rapid Visco Analyzer profiles showed that the peak viscosity of rice starch decreased with increasing infrared heating temperature in conjunction with the soaking process due to the higher extent of starch gelatinization. The spreadability and relative index of softness of cooked brown rice increased with increasing infrared heating temperature and appropriate soaking time. The sensory test revealed that the cooked brown rice infrared-heated at $110^{\circ}C$ with 20 min soaking showed the highest sensory attributes among all the treated samples.

본 연구에서는 현미의 취반적성 및 관능성 개선을 위하여 적외선 가열처리 및 수침의 영향을 검토하였다. 현미는 적외선 가열처리 조건에 따라 부분적인 갈변화와 함께 외피 및 배유에 균열이 발생하여, 취반 후 곡립 형태가 파손되고 식미가 저하되었다. 현미의 균열 손상은 $120^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 초기수분함량이 3% 이상 감소할 때까지 가열하는 조건에서 발생하였으나, 수침과 병행하여 가열하는 경우에는 현미의 균열 및 형태 손상이 발생하지 않았다. 현미는 적외선 가열에 의해 부분 호화가 발생하며, 호화도는 수침 처리한 현미에서 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 현미는 적외선 가열 처리에 의해 취반 질감이 연화되었으며, 수침과 병행하는 경우 가장 높은 연화효과를 나타내었다. 취반 현미의 관능성은 적외선 가열 처리에 의해 크게 개선되었으며, 수침을 병행하였을 때 전체적인 기호도가 가장 높은 확인되었다. 상기 결과를 통하여 수침 처리하지 않은 현미의 경우 $120^{\circ}C$에서 수분함량이 1% 감소까지, 수침시료의 경우 20분간 상온수침 후 $110^{\circ}C$에서 수분 함량 14%까지의 가열조건을 현미의 취반성과 관능성 개선을 위한 최적조건으로 설정하였다.

Keywords

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