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Physicochemical Properties of Frying Ginseng and Oils Derived from Deep-frying Ginseng

수삼튀김 시 튀김유 종류에 따른 수삼 및 유지의 이화학 특성

  • Lee, Ka-Soon (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Kim, Gwan-Hou (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ho (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Seong, Bong-Jae (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Ick (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Han, Seung-Ho (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Lee, Sox-Su (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Lee, Gyu-Hee (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Woo-Song University)
  • 이가순 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김관후 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김현호 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 성봉재 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김선익 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 한승호 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 이석수 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 이규희 (우송대학교 식품생물과학과)
  • Received : 2013.02.12
  • Accepted : 2013.02.26
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

To increase the consumption of frying ginseng, we investigated the physicochemical properties of frying ginseng and different edible oils processed through frying ginseng: soybean oil (SO), corn oil (CO), olive oil (OO), and grape seed oil (GO). We tested various parameters, including temperature (130, 160, 180, and $200^{\circ}C$), frying time (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 min), and frying amount (up to 30 times). The physicochemical properties of the fried ginseng and oils were evaluated for changes in acid value, peroxide value, free fatty acid content, acrylamide formation, color, and viscosity of oils. The acid value and peroxide value of the oils increased with frying temperature and amount. Saturated fatty acids increased and unsaturated fatty acids decreased with the amount of frying, but oleic acid in CO and GO and linoleic acid in OO increased. The concentration of acrylamide in fried ginseng increased as the frying temperature and amount increased and was the lowest in OO. The lightness and redness of the frying oil color decreased and its yellowness increased in SO and CO, but the lightness increased (redness and yellowness decreased) in OO. In particular, CO was significantly browned with increasing frying amounts. The viscosity of the frying oils increased with frying amount, with CO showing the lowest increases in viscosity of the oils. As a result, the optimal ginseng frying condition found was 2 min 30 sec at $180^{\circ}C$, regardless the type of oils.

본 연구는 수삼을 식용유지별, 튀김온도별에 따라 수삼을 튀김한 후 수삼과 유지의 품질학적인 특성 변화를 측정하였다. 식용유지는 대두유, 옥수수유, 올리브유 및 포도씨유를 사용하였으며, 튀김수삼과 튀긴 후 식용유지의 산가, 과산화 물가 및 유리지방산가의 함량 변화와 아크릴아마이드 생성량을 측정하였으며 반복적으로 튀긴 기름의 색도 및 점도를 측정하였다. 튀김온도가 높을수록 튀김유의 산가 및 과산화 물가는 모두 증가하였다. 수삼채를 튀김할 경우 $180^{\circ}C$ 이하의 온도에서 2분30초 이내로 튀김하는 것이 가장 적절하였으며, 이 조건에서 30회간 반복 튀김하였을 경우 포도씨유가 16.7 meq/kg으로 가장 적게 증가하였고 가장 많이 증가한 것은 올리브유로 32.6 meq/kg이었다. 튀김수삼에서의 과산화물가는 옥수수유가 10.3 meq/kg으로 가장 높게 나타났고 포도씨유가 4.7 meq/kg으로 가장 낮았다. 대두유, 옥수수유 및 포도씨유 모두 oleic acid와 linoleic acid, linoleic acid 등 불포화도가 있는 지방산은 약간씩 감소하는 경향이었고, palmitic acid와 stearic acid 등 포화지방산의 함량은 상대적으로 증가하였다. 튀김수삼 내에 아크릴아마이드 함량은 식용유지 중 올리브유가 가장 적게 생성되었고 옥수수유가 가장 많이 생성되었으며, 반복적으로 튀김을 할 경우 대두유, 옥수수유 및 포도씨유의 색도의 변화는 밝기와 적색도는 감소하였고 황색도는 증가하였으며 올리브유는 밝기는 증가하고 적색도와 황색도는 감소하는 경향이었다. 갈색화가 가장 심하게 나타난 튀김유는 옥수수유이었다. 점도는 반복적으로 튀김을 할 경우 옥수수유가 점도가 가장 적게 증가하였고 대두유, 올리브유 및 포도씨유는 110 cPs 이상 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

Keywords

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