Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Flowering Control by Using Red Light of Chrysanthemum

적색광을 이용한 국화의 개화조절

  • Hong, Seung-Chang (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA) ;
  • Kwon, Soon-Ik (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA) ;
  • Kim, Min-Kyeong (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA) ;
  • Chae, Mi-Jin (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA) ;
  • Jung, Goo-Bok (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA) ;
  • So, Kyu-Ho (Climate Change and Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), RDA)
  • 홍성창 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 권순익 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 채미진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 정구복 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 소규호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원)
  • Received : 2013.04.29
  • Accepted : 2013.06.11
  • Published : 2013.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The incandescent bulb and compact fluorescent lamp are widely using as a light sources for daylength extension of chrysanthemum. But, these light sources consume a lot of electricity and have short longevity. A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semi conductor light source. LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime. In this study, we investigated the intensity of red light to control flowering of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum cv. "Shinma") by using LEDs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The red (660 nm) and far-red (730 nm) light were irradiated subsequently to investigate photo-reversible flowering responses of chrysanthemum. The flowering of chrysanthemum was inhibited by night interruption with red light but subsequently irradiated far-red light induced the flowering of chrysanthemum. This photoreversibility, reversion of the inductive effect of a brief red light pulse by a subsequent far-red light pulse, is a property of photo responses regulated by the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B. Four different intensity of red light of 0.7, 1.4, 2.1, and $2.8{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ (PAR) were irradiated at growth room in order to determine the threshold for floral inhibition of chrysanthemum. Over $1.4{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ of the red lights irradiated chrysanthemums were not flowered. The plant length, fresh weight, number of leaves, and leaf area of chrysanthemum irradiated with red light were increased by 17%, 36%, 11%, and 48%, respectively, compared to those of compact fluorescent lamp. CONCLUSION(S): The red light and subsequential far-red light showed that the photoreversibility on flowering of chrysanthemum. The red light ($1.4{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ of red LEDs) and white light (50 Lux of compact fluorescent lamp) have the same effect on inhibition of flowering in chrysanthemum. Additionally, the red light increased the plant height and dry weight of chrysanthemum.

적색광을 이용한 국화의 일장연장 처리기술을 개발하기 위하여 국화의 개화억제를 위한 적색광 강도를 구명하고 생육에 대한 영향을 검토하였다. 국화는 적색광에 의한 파야처리로 개화가 억제되었고 연속된 초적색광 처리로 개화하여 개화의 광가역적 반응을 나타냈다. 인공광 생육실 환경하에서 적색광 $1.4{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ (PAR) 로 일장연장 처리시 국화의 개화가 완전히 억제되었다. 적색광 $1.4{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ 처리는 관행의 전구식형광등 50 Lux 처리와 같이 국화의 개화를 억제시켰다. 적색 LED를 이용한 일장연장 처리로 관행의 전구식형광등 처리보다 국화의 초장은 17 %, 엽면적은 48 % 유의하게 증가하였고 엽수와 생체중은 각각 11 %, 36 % 증가하는 경향이었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Armitage, A.M., Laushaman, A.M., 1989. Photoperiodic control of flowering of Salvia leucantha, J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114, 755-758.
  2. Blacquie're, T., 2002. How much light is needed for the prevention of flowering of cut chrysanthemums when using high intensity HPS lighting as a night break, Acta Hort. 580, 69-75.
  3. Blanchard, M.G., Runkle, E.S., 2010. Intermittent light from a rotating high-pressure sodium lamp promotes flowering of long-day plants, HortScience. 45, 236-241.
  4. Borthwick, H.A., Cathey, H.M., 1962. Role of phytochrome in control of flowering of chrysanthemum, Bot. Gaz. 123, 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1086/336143
  5. Canham, A.E., 1966. The fluorescent tube as a source of night-break light, Expt. Hort. 16, 53-68.
  6. Cathey, H.M., Bailey, W.A., Borthwick, H.A., 1961. Cyclic lighting to reduce cost of timing chrysanthemum flowering, Flor, Rev. 129 (3330) 21-22, 72-75, 94-95.
  7. Cathey, H.M., Borthwick, H.A., 1961. Cyclic lighting for controlling flowering of chrysanthemum, Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 78, 545-552.
  8. Chen, C.L., Tsai, Y.J., Sung, J.M., 2010. Photoperiod effects on flowering and seed setting of Hypericum perforatum, Expl. Agric. 46, 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479710000050
  9. Hamaker, C.K., 1998. Influence of photoperiod and temperature on flowering of Asclepias tuberosa, Campanula carpatica 'Blue Clips', Coreopsis grandiflora 'Early Sunrise', Coreopsis verticillata 'Moonbeam', Lavandula angustifolia 'Munstead', and Physostegia virginiana 'Alba'. M.S. thesis, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, USA.
  10. Higuchia, Y., Sumitomoa, K., Odaa, A., Shimizub, H., Hisamatsua, T., 2012. Day light quality affects the night-break response in the short-day plant chrysanthemum, suggesting differential phytochrome-mediated regulation of flowering, J. Plant. Physiol. 169(18), 1789-1796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2012.07.003
  11. Kadman-Zahavi, A., Tibbitts, T.W., Steinitz, B., 1987. Testing the efficiency of different lamps and illumination regimes for photoperiodic irradiation of agricultural crops, Final Rep., BARD project I-273-81, Bet-Dagan, Israel.
  12. Kasperbauer, M.J, Hamilton, J.L., 1984. Chloroplast structure and starch grain accumulation in leaves that received different red and far-red levels during development, Plant Physiology. 74, 967-960. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.74.4.967
  13. Matthew, G., Blanchard, M.G., Runkle, E.S., 2009. Use of a cyclic high-pressure sodium lamp to inhibit flowering of chrysanthemum and velvet sage, Sci. Hort. 122, 448-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.016
  14. Mattson, N.S., Erwin, J.E., 2005. The impact of photoperiod and irradiance on flowering of several herbaceous ornamentals, Sci. Hort. 104, 275-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2004.08.018
  15. Runkle, E.S., Sonali, R. P., Wook, O., Kristin, G., 2012. Replacing incandescent lamps with compact fluorescent lamps may delay flowering, Sci. Hort. 143, 56-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.05.028
  16. Saebo, A., Krekling, T., Appelgren, M., 1995. Light quality affects photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of birch plantlets in vitro, Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture. 41, 177-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00051588
  17. Smith, D.R., Langhans, R.W., 1962. Some practical applications of flashing light, NY State Flower Growers Bul. 204, 1-7.
  18. Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., 2006. Plant Physiology, fourth ed. Sinauer Associates Inc. USA, pp. 481-518.
  19. Thomas, B., Vince-Prue, D., 1997. Photoperiodism in Plants, second ed. Academic Press. UK, pp. 85-91.
  20. Wilkins, H.F., Healy, W.E., Grueber, K.L., 1990. Temperature regime at various stages of production influences growth and flowering of Dendranthema ${\times}$ grandiflorum, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 115, 732-36.
  21. Yamada, A., Tanigawa, T., Suyama, T., Matsuno, T., Kunitake, T., 2009. Red : far-red light ratio and far-red light integral promote or retard growth and flowering in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.), Shinn. Sci. Hortic. 120, 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.09.009

Cited by

  1. Effects of Daylength Extension by Red Light in Strawberry Cultivation vol.33, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2014.33.4.358