Genomics & Informatics

Korea Genome Organization (한국유전체학회)
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Heritabilities of Facial Measurements and Their Latent Factors in Korean Families

  • Kim, Hyun-Jin (Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University) ;
  • Im, Sun-Wha (Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jargal, Ganchimeg (Psoma Therapeutics) ;
  • Lee, Siwoo (Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yi, Jae-Hyuk (Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Yeon (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Sung, Joohon (Psoma Therapeutics) ;
  • Cho, Sung-Il (Psoma Therapeutics) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Yeol (Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Il (Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seo, Jeong-Sun (Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2013.05.01
  • Accepted : 2013.05.23
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

Genetic studies on facial morphology targeting healthy populations are fundamental in understanding the specific genetic influences involved; yet, most studies to date, if not all, have been focused on congenital diseases accompanied by facial anomalies. To study the specific genetic cues determining facial morphology, we estimated familial correlations and heritabilities of 14 facial measurements and 3 latent factors inferred from a factor analysis in a subset of the Korean population. The study included a total of 229 individuals from 38 families. We evaluated a total of 14 facial measurements using 2D digital photographs. We performed factor analysis to infer common latent variables. The heritabilities of 13 facial measurements were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and ranged from 0.25 to 0.61. Of these, the heritability of intercanthal width in the orbital region was found to be the highest ($h^2$ = 0.61, SE = 0.14). Three factors (lower face portion, orbital region, and vertical length) were obtained through factor analysis, where the heritability values ranged from 0.45 to 0.55. The heritability values for each factor were higher than the mean heritability value of individual original measurements. We have confirmed the genetic influence on facial anthropometric traits and suggest a potential way to categorize and analyze the facial portions into different groups.

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References

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