KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Retardation Effect on the Breach of the Earth Filled Embankment Using the Stiffener During Overtopping

흙댐 제체의 보강재 설치에 따른 월류붕괴 지연효과

  • 주요한 (국립재난안전연구원 방재연구실) ;
  • 여창건 (서울연구원 안전환경연구실) ;
  • 이승오 (홍익대학교 건설도시공학부)
  • Received : 2012.06.15
  • Accepted : 2013.04.17
  • Published : 2013.07.30
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Abstract

Most embankment of the reservoirs (99.1 %) have been constructed in the earth filled type in Korea because the construction of this type is less expensive and simpler than others such as concrete one. However, it has to be reinforced the slope to prevent the breach due to overtopping or piping under unexpected flood conditions. This study has been analyzed the retardation effect using three types (L, T, $L^*$ shape) of stiffener in order to reinforce embankment when they are collapsed by overtopping flow. Experimental results showed that L-type stiffener is the most effective in delaying the breaching of embankment and reducing the soil erosion when compared with others. The reinforced embankment breaching showed that time delay was occurred about 1.73 to 2.29 times and the peak flowrate was reduced compared to non-stiffener embankments due to energy dissipation by collision and less soil erosion. The embankment breaching mostly leads to major damages because of the lack of repair time. Thus, since these stiffeners can resist the rapid breach, it would be possible to earn the time to emergency repair and lifesaving, as well as reduction of damages of embankment in downward region with decreasing peak flowrate. Results from this study would be used for the basis when establishing the emergency action plan for the reservoirs on the verge of hazard.

현재 국내 저수지의 대부분(99.1 %)은 흙댐으로 이러한 형식은 건설비용이 저렴하고 다른 시공보다 시공성이 용이하여 많은 저수지 건설에 채택되었다. 그러나 흙댐은 월류 침투 현상에 취약하여 설계 홍수량을 초과한 홍수 발생 시 붕괴가능성이 높은 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 수리실험을 통해 이러한 흙댐 제체에 월류 붕괴가 발생할 경우에 대하여 제체 사면에 설치한 L형 T형 $L^*$형의 보강재 형태에 따른 붕괴 양상 변화를 분석하고, 무보강 제체에 비하여 보강재 설치 제체에서 붕괴지연으로 인한 피해감소 효과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 붕괴부에서 발생하는 흐름이 보강재와 충돌하여 분산됨으로 인해 에너지 감세효과를 갖게 되어 토사의 침식속도가 감소하고 이에 따른 붕괴발달 속도가 지연되는 현상이 관찰되었다. 이러한 연구결과에 따라 보강재의 붕괴지연효과를 무보강 제체와 비교할 경우, 붕괴 발생에서 붕괴종료까지 약 1.73~2.29 배의 시간지연이 발생하였으며 첨두 유출량의 감소효과가 나타났다. 저수지 제체 붕괴는 붕괴부의 급속한 발달로 인해 이를 긴급히 보수하는 시간이 부족하여 큰 피해로 이어지게 된다. 사면에 보강재를 설치한 경우 제체 붕괴 지연효과로 인하여 긴급보수시간 및 인명구조시간의 확보가 가능하며, 첨두유출량 감소로 댐 하류부의 피해를 감소시키는 효과가 있어 저수지 붕괴에 대한 비상대처계획 수립시 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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