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Antioxidative Effects of Inula britannica var. chinensis Flower Extracts According to the flowering period and species of Inula britannica var. chinensis

금불초 종(種) 및 개화시기에 따른 금불초 꽃 추출물의 항산화 효능

  • Kwon, Soon Sik (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jeon, So Ha (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jeon, Ji Min (R&D Center, ACT Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Cheon, Jong Woo (R&D Center, ACT Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Soo Nam (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 권순식 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지바이오대학 정밀화학과, 화장품종합기술연구소) ;
  • 전소하 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지바이오대학 정밀화학과, 화장품종합기술연구소) ;
  • 전지민 ((주)에이씨티 기술연구소) ;
  • 천종우 ((주)에이씨티 기술연구소) ;
  • 박수남 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지바이오대학 정밀화학과, 화장품종합기술연구소)
  • Received : 2013.05.14
  • Accepted : 2013.09.26
  • Published : 2013.09.30

Abstract

In this study, antioxidative effects of the extracts of different species and flowering periods of Inula britannica were investigated. According to the free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity of the extracts, The I. britannica var. chinensis flower extract (500 ${\mu}g/mL$) was measured in a 79.89% free radical scavenging activity, but the flower extracts of similar species (I. britannica var. linariaefolia Regel, I. britannica var. ramosa, I. salicina var. asiatica) did not show any effect on the free radical scavenging activity. The effects of the free radical scavenging activity of I. britannica var. chinensis flower extracts were exhibited in the order of full bloom (93.68%), bud (43.28%), and fallen blossom (14.11%). Next, we established optimum condition of extract solvent, temperature, extraction time. The extract from ethanol at $60^{\circ}C$ showed the most free radical scavenging activity among other conditions and extraction time not relevant in free radical scavenging activity. The protective effects of the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower on the photohemolysis of human erythrocytes by using rose bengal were increased in a concentration-dependent manner (5 ~ 50 ${\mu}g/mL$). In particular, the extract in 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration exhibited better protective activity (${\tau}_{50}$ = 116.1 min) than (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol (${\tau}_{50}$ = 73.44 min), which is a known lipophilic antioxidant. Principle component of I. britannica var. chinensis flower was identified as quercetin of flavonoids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results indicate that the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging free radical and $^1O_2$, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. It is concluded that the antioxidative effects of the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower could be applicable to functional cosmetics.

본 연구에서는 금불초(Inula britannica) 종(種) 및 개화시기에 따른 금불초 추출물의 항산화 효능을 알아보았다. 이들 추출물의 free radical 소거활성을 살펴본 결과, 만개한 금불초 꽃(I. britannica var. chinensis) 추출물의 경우 500 ${\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 79.89%의 free radical 소거활성을 보였으나, 금불초 유사종인 가는 금불초(I. britannica var. linariaefolia Regel), 가지 금불초(I. britannica var. ramosa) 및 버들 금불초(I. salicina var. asiatica)의 꽃 추출물의 경우 free radical 소거활성이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 또한 꽃이 만개하였을 경우 꽃 추출물 분획에서는 93.62%의 free radical 소거활성을 보였으며, 봉우리 추출물 분획은 43.28%, 낙화추출물 분획은 14.11%를 나타냈다. 금불초의 종 및 개화시기를 선정 후, 추출용매, 온도, 시간을 조절하여 최적의 추출조건을 확립하였다. 그 결과, $65^{\circ}C$ 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 DPPH free radical 소거활성이 나타났으며, 시간에 따른 유의적 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 만개한 금불초 꽃 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈 실험에서 세포보호효과를 측정한 결과, 5 ~ 50 ${\mu}g/mL$의 범위에서 농도 의존적으로 세포 보호 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 50 ${\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 ${\tau}_{50}$이 116.1 min으로 비교물질인 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol에 비해 1.58배 더 큰 세포 보호활성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. HPLC로 금불초 꽃 추출물을 분석한 결과 flavonoid의 일종인 quercetin이 다량 함유되어 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은, $65^{\circ}C$ 에탄올로 추출한 만개한 금불초 꽃 추출물의 경우 다량의 quercetin을 함유하며, 그로 인하여 free radical 소거활성 및 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 효과적으로 보호함으로써 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부를 보호하는 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 기능성 화장품 원료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

References

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