Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Selection of Crabapple Pollinizers for 'Fuji' Apple through Physiological and Genetic Analysis

꽃사과 품종의 생리 및 유전적 분석을 통한 '후지' 사과의 수분수 선발

  • Son, KwangMin (Dept. of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National Univ.) ;
  • Choi, Dong Geun (Department of Horticulture Science, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kwon, Soon-Il (Apple Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Byung Oh (Dept. of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National Univ.) ;
  • Choi, Cheol (Dept. of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National Univ.) ;
  • Kang, In-Kyu (Dept. of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National Univ.)
  • 손광민 (경북대학교 원예과학과) ;
  • 최동근 (전북대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 권순일 (국립원예특작과학원 사과시험장) ;
  • 김병오 (경북대학교 생물응용전공) ;
  • 최철 (경북대학교 원예과학과) ;
  • 강인규 (경북대학교 원예과학과)
  • Received : 2013.04.11
  • Accepted : 2013.05.22
  • Published : 2013.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We investigated characteristics and self-incompatibility genotypes of 11 crabapple cultivars to introduce a new pollinizer of 'Fuji' apple tree in Korea. Flowering dates of eleven crabapples were two to seven days earlier than that of 'Fuji'. The rate of pollen germination in vitro was ranged from 85.6% to 98.0% except 'Virginia'. Controlled pollination treatment with each crabapples to 'Fuji' increased fruit set rate about 20.4% to 34.4%, the number of seed per fruit about 13.8% to 42.3% and fruit weight about 7.4% to 16.7% compared to open pollination. Tested crabapples were resistant to peach fruit moth, brown leaf spot and sooty blotch in general. A PCR amplification method using S-RNase primers was carry out in eleven crabapples. S-alleles, $S_3$, $S_5$, $S_9$, $S_{10}$, $S_{20}$, $S_{26} from six crabapples were determinated. Through sequencing analysis, $S_5$ ('Manchurian', 'Virginia') and $S_9$ ('Yantaishagou') showed 100% homologous to previous result. Based on our results, it was recommended that 'Manchurian', 'Hopa A', 'Hanyaehanakaidou', 'Spectabilis' could be promising pollinzers for 'Fuji' apple cultivar.

본 연구는 '후지' 품종에 대한 수분수로서 이용가능성을 확인하기 위하여 꽃사과 11품종의 특성 및 자가불화합성 유전자형을 분석하였다. 꽃사과 품종의 개화기는 '후지'에 비하여 개화시기가 2~7일 정도 빨랐고 화분발아율도 'Virginia'(74.4%) 외에 다른 꽃사과 품종들은 85.6~98.0%로 높은 결과를 보였다. '후지' 품종에 꽃사과 화분을 인공수분시킨 결과 착과율이 자연방임의 65.4%에 비해 'Adam's'는 76.8%로 11.4% 높았고, 나머지 품종들은 86~100%로 20.4~34.4% 높은 결과를 보였다. 꽃사과 화분으로 결실된 '후지' 품종의 종자수는 자연방임으로 결실된 과실에 비하여 13.8~42.3% 향상되었고, 과중은 346.7~376.8g으로 7.4~16.7% 정도 향상되었다. 과형지수는 무처리구 과실은 0.82로 비정형과 기준이었는데 비해 'Manchurian', 'Hopa A', 'Virginia', 'Prunifolia', 'Spectabilis' 등을 인공수분한 경우 0.87~0.88로 정형과 기준에 도달하였다. PCR분석을 통한 꽃사과 품종의 자가불화합성 유전자형을 확인한 결과 'Manchurian', 'Virginia', 'Sentinel', 'Adam's', 'Asiatica', 'Yantaishagou', 'Hanyaehanakaidou'에서 $S_3$, $S_5$, $S_9$, $S_{10}$, $S_{20}$, $S_{26}$이 확인되었고, 염기서열 분석을 통해 $S_5$('Manchurian', 'Virginia')와 $S_9$('Yantaishagou')가 보고된 자가불화합성 유전자형과 일치하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Alston, F.H. 1996. Incompatibility alleles and apple pollinaiton. Acta Hort. 423:119-124.
  2. Broothaerts, W., G.A. Janssens, P. Proost, and W.F. Broekaert. 1995. cDNA cloning and molecular analysis of two selfincompatibility alleles from apple. Plant molecular biology. 27:499-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00019317
  3. Broothaerts, W. 2003. New finding in apple S-genotype analysis resolve previous confusion and request the re-numbering of some S-alleles. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 106:703-714.
  4. Broothaerts, W., I.V. Nerum, and J. Keulemans. 2004. Update on and review of the incompatibility(S-) genotypes of apple cultivars. J. Hort. Sci. 39:943-947.
  5. Church, R.M. and R.R Williams. 1971. Artificial pollination. J. Long Ashton Res. Sta. Rpt. for 1970:20.
  6. Crassweller, R.M., D.C. Ferree, and L.P. Nichols. 1980. Flowering crabapples as potential pollinizer for commecial apple cultivars. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 105:475-477.
  7. Florin, R. 1927. Pollen production and incompatibility in apples and pears. Mem. Hort. N.Y. 3:87-118.
  8. Goldway, M., D. Schneider, H. Yehuda, A. Matityahu, D. Eisikowitch, and R.A. Stern. 2001. The effect of apple Sallele compatibility on fruit set levels in non-optimal fertilization conditions. Acta Hort. 561:231-234.
  9. Golz, J.F., A.E. Clarke, and E. Newbigin. 1995. Self-incompatibility flowering plant. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 5:640-645 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-437X(95)80033-6
  10. Ha, Y.M. and K.K. Shim. 1995. Selection of new crabapple cultivars as pollinizers for apple orchard. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 36:281-291.
  11. Hegedus, A. 2006. Review of the self-incompatibility in apple. Intl. J. Hort. Sci. 12:31-36.
  12. Howlett, F.S. 1926. Some factors of importance in fruit setting studies with apple varieties. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 23:307-315.
  13. Kang, I.K., G.J. Lee, M.J. Kim, S.I. Kwon, P.Y. Paek, and D.G. Choi. 2002. Selection of crab apples as pollinizers for major apple cultivars in apple orchard. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 20:330-334.
  14. Kang, I.K. 2004. Selection of crab apple as pollinizers for 'Hongro' apple cultivar. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 22:212-215
  15. Paik, S.G. 1997. Evaluation of ornamental Malus species and cultivars as pollinators for single-cultivar commercial apple orchards. MS Thesis, Cornell Univ.
  16. Park, J.G., J.S. Hong, I.M. Choi, J.B. Kim, S.H. Kim, and H.S. Park. 1998. Applications of artificial pollination, spraying gibberellin $A_{4+7}$ plus benzyladenine for production of uniform fruits in 'Fuji' apples. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 16: 27-29.
  17. Sakurai, K., S.K. Brown, and N. Weede. 2000. Self-incompatibility alleles of apple cultivars and advanced selections. J. Hort. Sci. 35:116-119.
  18. Schneider, D., R.A. Stern, D. Eisikowitch, and M. Goldway. 2001. Analysis of S-alleles by PCR for determination of compatibility in the 'Red Delicious' apple orchard. J. Hort. Sci. Biotech. 76:596-600.
  19. Torres, A.M., N.F Weeden, and A. Martin. 1993. Linkage among isozyme, RFLP and RAPD markers in Vinciafaba. The oretical and Applied Genetics 85:937-945.
  20. Way, R.D. 1978. Crabapple pollinizers. N.Y. State. Hort. Soc. Proc. 123:93-101.
  21. Williams, R.R. 1967. A pollinator system for the single variety Cox's orange pippin orchard. Long Ashton Res. Sta. Rpt. 1966:112-114.
  22. Williams, R.R. and R.M Church. 1983. Growth and flowering of ornamental Malus pollinators in apple orchards. J. Hort. Sci. 58:337-342.