Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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A Study on the Forest Vegetation of Deogyusan National Park

덕유산 국립공원 삼림식생에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Chang-Hwan (Department of Ecology Landscape Architecture-design, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Oh, Jang-Geun (Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Lee, Nam-Sook (Department of Ecology Landscape Archetecture-design, Graduate School of Chonbuk National University)
  • 김창환 (전북대학교 생태조경디자인학과) ;
  • 오장근 (국립공원관리공단) ;
  • 이남숙 (전북대학교 대학원 생태조경디자인학과)
  • Received : 2013.02.19
  • Accepted : 2013.03.09
  • Published : 2013.03.31
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Abstract

From March 2012 to January 2013, this study was conducted as a part of the project for making a precise electronic ecological zoning map of vegetation on a highly reduced scale of 1 to 5,000 with a view to improving management efficiency of national parks and enlarging the availability of the data produced from the basic research monitoring the resources of national parks. For the research accuracy and rapidity, a vegetation map was specially created for the on-the-site-vegetation research. To make the map more meticulous, we categorized the vegetation database into five groups: broadleaved forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest, rock vegetation and miscellaneous one. After comparing the results of the data built for the vegetation research and the actual research findings, it was made clear that vegetation of both categories was almost the same in case of broad-leaved forest with 72.20% and 78.45% respectively, and also equivalent in other groups like, for example, coniferous forest (16.70%, 13.41%), mixed forest (9.50%, 7.49%) and rock vegetation (0.60%, 0.15%). According to the precise vegetation map produced from the research, the deciduous broad-leaved forest was the most widely prevalent type in the correlated hierarchical classification of vegetation, occupying 65.78% of the overall vegetation. It was followed by mountain valley forest (15.17%), coniferous forest (10.90%), and plantation forest (7.00%) in order. It is particularly noteworthy that Mt. Deogyusan national park has retained a very stable and versatile forest vegetation in the outstanding state since approximately 20% of the mountain turns out to belong to the I grade vegetation conservation classification which contains climax forests, unique vegetation, subalpine vegetation, matured stands which are older than 50 years and etc.

본 연구는 2012년 3월부터 2013년 1월까지 국립공원 자원모니터링 기본조사 자료의 활용성을 높이고 국립공원 관리의 효율성을 향상시키기 위한 고축척 식생전자지도 필요성에 따라 1/5,000 축척의 생태자연도 정밀화 사업의 일환으로 수행되어졌다. 식생조사의 정확성 및 신속성을 위하여 식생조사용 DB를 활엽수림, 침엽수림, 혼효림, 암벽식생, 기타식생으로 분류한 후 식생조사용 식생도를 제작하여 현지조사에 사용하였다. 식생조사식용 DB 구축 결과와 식생조사 결과를 반영한 식생도 구축 결과는 활엽수림이 77.20%, 78.45%로 거의 같았으며, 침엽수림 (16.70%, 13.41%), 혼효림 (9.50%, 7.49%), 암벽식생(0.60%, 0.15%) 분포비율의 차이가 크지 않았다. 식생조사 결과가 반영된 정밀식생도 중 식생 상관 대분류에서 나타난 식생유형은 산지낙엽활엽수림이 전체의 65.78%를 차지하고 있어 가장 넓은 분포역을 나타내고 있었으며, 산지습성림(15.17%), 산지침엽수림(10.90%), 식재림(7.00%) 순으로 분포비율이 높았다. 특히 수령이 50년 이상의 장령림, 극상림, 특이식생, 아고산대식생 등 매우 양호한 식생유형을 보이는 식생보전등급 I등급 지역의 비율이 약 20% 비율로 분포하고 있는것은 덕유산의 삼림식생이 매우 안정적이고 다양하다는 것을 암시한다. 결론적으로 현재 우리나라 17개 육상국립공원에 대한 식생연구는 식물군락과 관련된 조사는 비교적 상세하게 연구되어 왔으나 식생도 관련 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 이러한 이유는 현존식생에 대한 식생도는 1 : 25,000의 소축적 지형도에 주로 의존하여 조사가 이루어져 왔기 때문에 식물군락의 경계가 불확실하여 식생도에 대한 신뢰성이 높지 않았을 뿐만 아니라 식생조사용 식생도를 제작하지 않고 임상도, 항공사진 등을 참고하여 조사가 이뤄져왔기 때문이다. 본 연구는 이러한 경계불확실성을 최소화하기 위해 고해상도 영상자료 등 많은 자료를 참고하여 식생조사용 식생도면을 제작한 후 덕유산내에 분포하는 식생의 상관식생도면 및 식생보전가치평가도면을 작성하였다. 따라서 기존에 발표되었던 덕유산 식생도 관련 연구(Kim, 1991; Korea National Park Service, 2004)에 비해 크게 보완 향상된 결과를 도출하였다.

Keywords

References

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