The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Comparison of condylar displacement between three biotypological facial groups by using mounted models and a mandibular position indicator

  • Ponces, Maria Joao (Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto) ;
  • Tavares, Jose Pedro (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto) ;
  • Lopes, Jorge Dias (Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto) ;
  • Ferreira, Afonso Pinhao (Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto)
  • Received : 2014.02.23
  • Accepted : 2014.04.14
  • Published : 2014.11.25
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Abstract

Objective: Facial-type-associated variations in diagnostic features have several implications in orthodontics. For example, in hyperdivergent craniofacial types, growth imbalances are compensated by displacement of the condyle. When diagnosis and treatment planning involves centric relation (CR), detailed knowledge of the condylar position is desirable. The present study aimed to measure condylar displacement (CD) between CR and maximum intercuspation in three facial types of an asymptomatic orthodontic population. Methods: The study was conducted in 108 patients classified into three groups of 36 individuals each (27 women and 9 men; mean age, 20.5 years), based on the following facial patterns: hyperdivergent, hypodivergent, and intermediate. To quantify CD along the horizontal and vertical axes, the condylar position was analyzed using mounted casts on a semi-adjustable articulator and a mandibular position indicator. The Student t-test was used to compare CD between the groups. Results: Vertical displacement was found to be significantly different between the hyperdivergent and hypodivergent groups (p < 0.0002) and between the hyperdivergent and intermediate groups (p < 0.0006). The differences in horizontal displacement were not significant between the groups. In each group, vertical CD was more evident than horizontal displacement was. Conclusions: All facial types, especially the hyperdivergent type, carried a significantly high risk of CD. Therefore, the possibility of CD should be carefully evaluated and considered in the assessment of all orthodontic cases in order to accurately assess jaw relationships and avoid possible misdiagnosis.

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