Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Inactivation of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and Effect on Infection of Citrus Canker by Gamma Irradiation

감마선에 의한 감귤 궤양병균의 불활성화와 감귤 궤양병 감염에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Kyung Nam (Major of Plant Resources & Environment, Jeju National University) ;
  • Song, Min A (Major of Plant Resources & Environment, Jeju National University) ;
  • Han, Sang Heon (Major of Horticultural Science, The Research Institute for Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University) ;
  • Song, Seong Joon (Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Jeju National University) ;
  • Jeun, Yong Chull (Major of Plant Resources & Environment, Jeju National University)
  • 김경남 (제주대학교 식물자원환경전공) ;
  • 송민아 (제주대학교 식물자원환경전공) ;
  • 한상헌 (제주대학교 원예환경전공) ;
  • 송성준 (제주대학교 원자력과학기술연구소) ;
  • 전용철 (제주대학교 식물자원환경전공)
  • Received : 2014.10.12
  • Accepted : 2014.12.04
  • Published : 2014.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) has been quarantined by many countries in the world. Recently, the usage of methyl bromide should be limited, application by gamma irradiation on the agricultural production is raised as an alternative method. In this study, the level of gamma irradiation which could decrease of population of Xcc in the suspension or on the surface of citrus fruit was investigated. The $D_{10}$ value of Xcc, which is radiation dose required to reduce the number of the microorganism, was 55 and 28 Gy in the suspension and on the surface of citrus fruit, respectively. Furthermore, disease severity was suppressed on the citrus leaves inoculated with Xcc suspension pre-treated with gamma irradiation. Based on this study, it is suggested that Xcc on the citrus fruit could be eradicated by gamma irradiation and the results of this study may be valuable for application of gamma ray in quarantine activity.

감귤 궤양병은 Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri에 의해 발생하는 병으로서 많은 나라에서 이 병에 대해 검역을 실시하고 있다. 최근 methyl bromide의 검역 시 사용이 제한됨에 따라 감마선을 이용한 농수축산물에 대한 살균 방안이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현탁액 형태의 감귤 궤양병균과 생과실 과피에 존재하는 감귤 궤양병균의 밀도를 감소시킬 수 있는 감마선의 선량을 알아보았다. 미생물의 밀도를 90% 감소시키는 선량인 감귤 궤양병균의 $D_{10}$ value는 현탁액과 감귤 생과실 과피에서 각각 55와 28 Gy였다. 또한 감마선을 처리한 감귤 궤양병균 현탁액을 감귤 잎에 접종하였더니 병 발생이 억제되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 감마선 처리에 의해 감귤 생과실에 존재하는 감귤 궤양병균을 박멸할 수 있다고 판단되며 본 연구 결과는 감마선을 검역에 활용하는데 가치가 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Andres, V. S., Ortego, F. and Castanera, P. 2007. Effects of gamma-irradiation on midgut proteolytic activity of the mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Arch. Insect Biochem. 65: 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.20172
  2. Aquino, K. A. S. 2012. Sterilization by gamma irradiation, gamma radiation, Prof. Feriz Adrovic (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0316-5, In: INTECH, available. URL http://www.intechopen.com/books/gammaradiation/sterilization-by-gammairradiation.
  3. Behlau, F., Belasque, J., Graham, J. H. and Leite, R. P. 2010. Effect of frequency of copper applications on control of citrus canker and the yield of young bearing sweet orange trees. Crop Prot. 29: 300-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.12.010
  4. Borrely, S. I., Cruz, A. C., Del Mastro, N. L., Sampa, M. H. O. and Somessari, E. S. 1998. Radiation processing of sewage and sudge. A review. Prog. Nucl. Energ. 33: 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-1970(97)87287-3
  5. Cleci, D., Antonio, C. M., Jose, O. M. and Renata, C. C. 2009. Semi-Selective culture medium for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.malvacearum detection in cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Asian J. Plant Pathol. 3: 39-49. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajppaj.2009.39.49
  6. Dewdney, M. M. and Graham, J. H. 2014. 2014 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide: Citrus Canker. IFAS Extension, U Fla. 1-5.
  7. Eckert, J. W. and Eaks, I. L. 1989. Postharvest disorders and diseases of citrus fruits. In: Reuther, W., Calavan, E., Clair, Carman, G. E., Jeppson, L. R. (Eds.), The Citrus Industry, revised ed. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Oakland, CA, pp. 179-259.
  8. FAO. 2003. Guideline for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measures. International Plant Protection Convention, ISPM No. 18, Rome, Italy.
  9. Farkas, J. and Farkas, C. M. 2011. History and future of food irradiation. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 22: 121-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2010.04.002
  10. Froelicher, Y., Bassene, J. B., Jedidi-Neji, E., Dambier, D., Morillon, R., Bernardini, G., Costantino, G. and Ollitrault, P. 2007. Induced parthenogenesis in mandarin for haploid production: induction procedures and genetic analysis of plantlets. Plant Cell Rep. 26: 937-944. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-007-0314-y
  11. Gottwald, T., Graham, J., Bock, C., Bonn, G., Civerolo, E., Irey, M., Leite, R., McCollum, G., Parker, P., Ramallo, J., Riley, T., Schubert, T., Stein, B. and Taylor, E. 2009. The epidemiological significance of post-packinghouse survival of Xantnomonas citri subsp. citri for dissemination of Asiatic citrus canker via infected fruit. Crop Prot. 28: 508-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.02.003
  12. Gottwald, T. R. and Timmer, L.W. 1995. The efficacy of windbreaks in reducing the spread of citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri. Trop. Agric. 72: 194-201.
  13. Holmes, G. J. and Eckert, J. W. 1999. Sensitivity of Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum to postharvest citrus fungicides in California. Phytopathology 89: 716-721. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.9.716
  14. Hyun, J. W., Kim, H. J., Yi, P. H., Hwang, R. Y. and Park, E. W. 2012. Mode of action of streptomycin resistance in the citrus canker pathogen (Xanthomonas smithii subsp. citri) in Jeju Island. Plant Pathology J. 28: 207-211. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2012.28.2.207
  15. Kim, J. H. and Yun, S. C. 2014. Effect of gamma irradiation and its convergent treatments on lily leaf blight pathogen, Botrytis elliptica and the disease development. Res. Plant Dis. 20: 71-78. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.2.071
  16. Ladaniya, M. S., Singh, S. and Wadhawan, A. K. 2003. Response of 'Nagpur' mandarin, 'Mosambi'sweet orange and 'Kagzi'acid lime to gamma radiation. Radia. Phys. Chem. 67: 665-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(02)00480-2
  17. Mahmoud, G. A., El-Tobgy, K. M. K. and Abo-El-Seoud, M. 2010. Application of combined biocides and gamma radiation for keeping good quality stored grapefruits. Arch. Phytopathol. Pfl. 43: 712-721. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235400802144462
  18. Mahrouz, M., Lacroix, M., D'aprano, G., Oufedjikh, H., Boubekri, C. and Gagnon, M. 2002. Effect of c-Irradiation combined with washing and waxing treatment on physicochemical properties, vitamin C, and organoleptic quality of Citrus clementina Hort. Ex. Tanaka. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 7271-7276. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0116909
  19. Palou, L., Usall, J., Munoz, J. A., Smilanick, J. L. and Vinas, I. 2002. Hot water, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate for the control of postharvest green and blue molds of clementine mandarins. Postharvest Biol. Tec. 24: 93-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00178-8
  20. Parnell, S., Gottwald, T. R., van den Bosch, F. and Gilligan, C. A. 2009. Optimal strategies for the eradication of Asiatic citrus canker in heterogeneous host landscapes. Phytopathology 99: 1370-1376. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-12-1370
  21. Schubert, T. S., Rizvi, S. A., Sun, X., Gottwald, T. R., Graham, J. H. and Dixion, W. N. 2001. Meeting the challenge of eradication citrus canker in Florida-Again. Plant Dis. 85: 340-356. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.4.340
  22. Shiotani, H., Uematsu, H., Tsukamoto, T., Shimizu, Y., Ueda, K., Mizuno, A., and Sato, S. 2009. Survival and dispersal of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri from infected Satsuma mandarin fruit. Crop Prot. 28: 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2008.08.002
  23. Smilanick, J. L., Mansour, M. F., Mlikota Gabler, F. and Goodwine, W. R., 2006. The effectiveness of pyrimethanil to inhibit germination of Penicillium digitatum and to control citrus green mold after harvest. Postharvest Biol. Tec. 42: 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.05.008
  24. Thomas, P. 1988. Radiation preservation of foods of plant origin. Part VI. Mushrooms, tomatoes, minor fruits and vegetables, dried fruits and nuts. CRC Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 26: 313-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398809527472
  25. Whitby, J. L. and Gelda, A. K. 1979. Use of incremental doses of cobalt 60 radiation as a means to determining radiation sterilization dose. J. Parent. Drug Assoc. 33: 144-155.
  26. Yang, J. S., Kang, S. Y. and Jeun, Y. C. 2014. Suppression of citrus canker by pretreatment with rhizobacterial strains showing antifungal activity. Res. Plant Dis. 20: 101-106. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.2.101

Cited by

  1. Effect of X-irradiation on Citrus Canker Pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri of Satsuma Mandarin Fruits vol.31, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2015.0106