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Physicochemical Characteristics of Coffee Extracts Using Different Extraction Methods

커피의 추출방법에 따른 이화학적 특성

  • Eun, Jong-Bang (Department of Food Science and Technology and Functional Food Research Center, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jo, Mi-Yeon (Department of Food Science and Technology and Functional Food Research Center, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Im, Ji-Soon (Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Konyang University)
  • 은종방 (전남대학교 식품공학과 및 기능성식품연구센터) ;
  • 조미연 (전남대학교 식품공학과 및 기능성식품연구센터) ;
  • 임지순 (건양대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2014.07.30
  • Accepted : 2014.09.09
  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

The physicochemical characteristics of coffees extracted using 7 different extraction methods were investigated. The pH values of coffees extracted via different extraction methods ranged from 5.26 to 5.54, and coffee extracted by Ibrik had the highest pH among all samples. The soluble solid content and titratable acidity of coffee extracted using an Espresso machine were significantly higher than those obtained using other extraction methods. Furthermore, the total phenol and caffeine contents of coffee extracted using an Espresso machine were 6.46 and 2.65 mg/mL, respectively. In regard to color, the $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of coffee extracted via different extraction methods were in the ranges of 0.81-38.94, 4.49-37.75, and 0.71-66.42, respectively. In regard to the phenolic compounds, the chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid contents of coffee extracted using an Espresso machine were higher than those obtained by other extraction methods at 0.15 mg/mL, $0.075{\mu}g/{\mu}L$, and $0.019{\mu}g/{\mu}L$, respectively.

추출 방법을 달리하여 추출한 커피의 이화학적 특성을 알아보기 위해 색도, pH, 산도, 가용성 고형분, 총 페놀 함량, 카페인, 페놀화합물 함량을 조사하였다. 색도의 경우 $L^*$값에서 에스프레소 머신으로 추출한 시료가 가장 낮았고 핸드 드립퍼를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 가장 높았다. pH 측정 결과, 이브리크를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 5.54로 가장 높았으며, 워터드립을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 5.26으로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 가용성 고형분의 함량은 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 2.15%로 가장 높은 값이 측정되었으며, 프렌치프레스를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 $0.65^{\circ}Bx$로 값이 가장 낮게 측정되었다. 산도의 경우, 2.63%로 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 가장 높은 값을 보였고, 프렌치프레스를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 0.65%로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 총 폴리페놀 함량 역시 6.46 mg/mL로 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 가장 높았고, 핸드 드립퍼를 이용하여 추출한 커피와 프렌치프레스를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 각각 2.72, 2.60 mg/mL로 낮은 값을 보였다. 카페인 함량 측정 결과는, 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 2.65 mg/mL로 가장 높았으며, 워터드립을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 0.39 mg/mL로 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 페놀 화합물 함량에서는 chlorogenic acid 측정결과, 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 0.15 mg/mL로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 프렌치프레스를 이용하여 추출한 커피와 핸드 드립퍼를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 각각 0.05, 0.04 mg/mL로 낮은 값을 나타내었다. Caffeic acid의 함량은, 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 $0.075{\mu}g/{\mu}L$로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 프렌치프레스를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 $0.017{\mu}g/{\mu}L$로 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. Ferulic acid의 함량을 측정한 결과, 에스프레소 머신을 이용하여 추출한 커피가 $0.019{\mu}g/{\mu}L$로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 핸드 드립퍼를 이용하여 추출한 커피가 $0.002{\mu}g/{\mu}L$로 가장 낮은 값을 보였다.

Keywords

References

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