Advances in concrete construction

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with rectangular web openings by FRP Composites

  • Abdel-Kareem, Ahmed H. (Department of Civil Engineering, Benha faculty of engineering, Benha university)
  • Received : 2013.06.22
  • Accepted : 2014.12.28
  • Published : 2014.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study presents the experimental results of twenty three reinforced concrete beams with rectangular web openings externally strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) composites bonded around openings. All tested beams had the same geometry and reinforcement details. At openings locations, the stirrups intercepted the openings were cut during fabrication of reinforcement cage to simulate the condition of inclusion of an opening in an existing beam. Several design parameters are considered including the opening dimensions and location in the shear zone, the wrapping configurations, and the amount and the type of the FRP composites in the vicinity of the openings. The wrapping configurations of FRP included: sheets, strips, U-shape strips, and U-shape strips with bundles of FRP strands placed at the top and sides of the beam forming a fan under the strips to achieve closed wrapping. The effect of these parameters on the failure modes, the ultimate load, and the beam stiffness were investigated. The shear contribution of FRP on the shear capacity of tested beams with web openings was estimated according to ACI Committee 440-08, Canadian Standards S6-06, and Khalifa et al. model and examined against the test results. A modification factor to account for the dimensions of opening chords was applied to the predicted gain in the shear capacity according to ACI 440-08 and CSA S6-06 for bonded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) around openings. The analytical results after incorporating the modification factor into the codes guidelines showed good agreement with the test results.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdalla, H.A, Torkey, A.M, Haggag, H.A. and Abu-Amira, A.F. (2003), "Design against cracking at opening in reinforced concrete beams strengthened with composite sheets", J. Compos. Struct., 60(2), 197-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(02)00305-7
  2. Abel Hafez, L.M., Alaa Eldin and Abou-Elezz, Y.K. (2002), "Static behavior of repaired RC beams having web circular openings in shear zone by using GFRP sheets", in Proceedings of the 9th international conference on structural and geometrical engineering, Cairo, Egypt: Ain Shams University.
  3. Allam, S.M. (2005), "Strengthening of RC beams with large openings in the shear zone", Alex. Eng. J., 44(1), 59-78.
  4. Ahmed, A., Fayyadh, M.M., Naganathan, S. and Nasharuddin, K. (2012), "Reinforced concrete beams with web opening : a state of the art review", Mater. Des., 40, 90-102 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.03.001
  5. American Concrete Institute (ACI) (2005), "Building code requirements for structural concrete", ACI 318-05, Farmington Hills, Mich.
  6. American Concrete Institute (ACI) (2008), "Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures", ACI 440 2R-08, ACI committee 440, Farmington Hills, Mich.
  7. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2006a), "Behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened in shear with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer- An experimental study", ACI Struct. J., 103(3), 339-347.
  8. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2009), "Maximum shear strength of RC beams retrofitted in shear with FRP composites", J. Compos. Struct., 13(4), 302-314.
  9. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) (2004), "Design of concrete structures for buildings", CSA A233.3-04, Rexdale, Ont., Canada.
  10. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) (2006), "Canadian highway bridge design code", CSA-S6-06, Rexdale, Ont., Canada.
  11. Chin, S.C., Shafig, N. and Nurddin, M.F. (2012), "Strengthening of RC beams with large openings in shear by CFRP laminates: experimental and 2D nonlinear finite element analysis." Res. J. App. Sci. Eng. Tech., 4(9), 1180-2012.
  12. El Maaddawy, T. and Sherief, S. (2009), "FRP composites for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete deep beams with openings", Compos. Struct., 89(1), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.06.022
  13. El Maaddawy, T. and El-Ariss, B. (2012), "Behavior of concrete beams with short shear span and web openings strengthened in shear with CFRP composites", J. Compos. Struct., 16(1), 47-59.
  14. Khalifa, A., Gold, W.J., Nanni, A. and Abdel Aziz, M.I. (1998), "Contribution of externally bonded FRP to shear capacity of RC flexural members", J. Compos. Constr., 2(4), 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1998)2:4(195)
  15. Khalifa, A. and Nanni, A. (2002), "Rehabilitation of rectangular simply supported RC beams with shear deficiencies using CFRP composites", Constr. Build. Mater., 16(3), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00002-8
  16. Kennedy, J.B. and Abdella, H.A. (1992), "Static response of prestressed girders with openings", ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 118(2), 488-504. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:2(488)
  17. Mansur, M. (1988), "Ultimate strength design of beams with large openings", Int. J. Struct., 8(2), 107-125.
  18. Mansur, M. (1998), "Effect of openings on the behavior and strength of R/C beams in shear", Cement Concrete Compos., 20(6), 477-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(98)00030-4
  19. Mansur, M., Tan, K. and Wel, W. (1999), "Effects of creating an opening in existing beam", ACI Struct. J., 96(6), 899-906.
  20. Micelli, F., Annaiah, R. and Nanni, A. (2002), "Strengthening of short shear span reinforced concrete T joints with fiber-reinforced plastic composites", J. Compos. Struct., 6(4), 264-271.
  21. Mofidi, A. and Chaallal, O. (2014), "Tests and design provisions for reinforced-concrete beams strengthened in shear using FRP sheets and strips", Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater., 8(2), 117-128 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-013-0060-1
  22. Monti, G. and Liotta, M. (2007), "Tests and design equations for FRP -strengthening in shear", Constr. Build. Mater., 21, 799-809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.023
  23. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2011), "Shear strengthening of RC T-beams with externally side bonded GFRP sheet", J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 30, 1139-1154 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684411417202
  24. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2012), "Shear behaviour of RC T-beams strengthened with U-wrapped GFRP sheet", Steel Compos. Struct., 12 (2), 149-166. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2012.12.2.149
  25. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2013), "Shear strengthening effect by bonded GFRP strips and transverse steel on RC T-beams", Struct. Eng. Mech., 47 (1), 75-98. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.47.1.075
  26. Pimanmas, A. (2010), "Strengthening R/C beams opening by externally installed FRP rods: behavior and analysis", Compos. Struct., 92 (8), 1957-1976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.11.031
  27. SIKA Egypt (2010), "Technical Data of Sikawrap-230C/Sikawrap-430G/Sikadur-330", SIKA, Cairo, Egypt.
  28. Triantafillou, T. and Antonopoulos, C. (2000), "Design of concrete flexural members strengthened in shear with FRP", J. Compos. Constr., 4(4), 198-205. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2000)4:4(198)
  29. Zhang, Z., Hsu, C. and Moren, J. (2004). "Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete deep beam using carbon fiber reinforced laminates", ASCE Compos. Constr., 8(5), 403-413. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:5(403)

Cited by

  1. Shear strength reduction due to introduced opening in loaded RC beams vol.13, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.04.004
  2. Flexural strengthening of RC Beams with low-strength concrete using GFRP and CFRP vol.58, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.58.5.825
  3. Shear strengthening of deficient concrete beams with marine grade aluminium alloy plates vol.7, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.7.4.249
  4. Experimental study on effect of EBRIG shear strengthening method on the behavior of RC beams vol.8, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.2.145
  5. Torsional behaviour of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with aramid fiber vol.9, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.1.001
  6. Behaviour of FRP composite columns: Review and analysis of the section forms vol.9, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.2.125
  7. Preload effects on behaviour of FRP confined concrete: Experiment, mechanism and modified model vol.9, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.6.597
  8. Shear Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams with GFRP vol.1002, pp.None, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1002.531
  9. Shear strengthening of RC beams with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites vol.10, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.2.093
  10. Bond strength prediction of the composite rebars in concrete using innovative bio‐inspired models vol.2, pp.11, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12260
  11. Numerical analysis of the shear behavior of FRP-strengthened continuous RC beams having web openings vol.227, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111451
  12. Probabilistic prediction model for RC bond failure mode vol.233, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.111944
  13. Numerical finite element study of strengthening of damaged reinforced concrete members with carbon and glass FRP wraps vol.28, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2021.28.2.137
  14. A review on the behaviour of reinforced concrete beams with fibre-reinforced polymer-strengthened web openings vol.25, pp.2, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332211046344