The Korea Journal of Herbology (대한본초학회지)

The Korea Association of Herbology (대한본초학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Gambigyeongsinhwan(1) Improves Body Weight and Lipid Metabolism in High Fat Diet-Fed Obese Animal Model

감비경신환(1)에 의한 고지방식이 비만동물모델에서 체중감량과 지질대사의 조절

  • Shin, Soon Shik (Dept. of Formula Sciences and Research Institute of Korean Medicine for Diabetes and Obesity) ;
  • Yoon, Michung (Dept. of Phisiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Eui University) ;
  • Tsung, Pei Chin (Dept. of Formula Sciences and Research Institute of Korean Medicine for Diabetes and Obesity) ;
  • Lee, Yong Tae (Dept. of Life Sciences, Mok-Won University)
  • 신순식 (동의대학교 한의과대학 방제학교실 및 한방당뇨비만연구소) ;
  • 윤미정 (목원대학교 바이오건강학부) ;
  • 총배금 (동의대학교 한의과대학 방제학교실 및 한방당뇨비만연구소) ;
  • 이용태 (목원대학교 생리학교실)
  • Received : 2013.12.26
  • Accepted : 2014.01.13
  • Published : 2014.01.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : We investigated the effects of gambigyeongsinhwan(GGH)(1) on body weight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) examined whether blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels and hepatic lipid accumulation are inhibited by it in high fat diet-fed obese male mice. Methods : 8 weeks old, high fat diet-fed obese male mice were divided into 5 groups: C57BL/6N normal, control, GGH(1)-1, GGH(1)-2 and GGH(1)-3. After mice were treated with GGH(1) for 8 weeks, we measured body weight gain, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, fat weight, plasma ALT, leptin and lipid levels. We also did histological analysis for liver and fat on the mice. Results : Compared with controls, GGH(1)-treated mice had lower body weight gain and adipose tissue weight, the magnitudes of which were prominent in GGH(1)-3. Compared with controls, GGH(1)-treated mice had lower feeding efficiency ratio and blood leptin level, the magnitudes of which was prominent in GGH(1)-3. Compared with controls, GGH(1)-treated mice had lower blood plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels. Compared with controls, GGH(1)-3 treated mice had lower blood plasma ALT concentration. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain, the size of adipocytes were significantly decreased by GGH(1), whereas the adipocyte number per unit area was significantly increased, suggesting that GGH(1) decreased the number of large adipocytes. Hepatic lipid accumulation was decreased by GGH(1). Conclusions : In conclusion, these results suggest that GGH(1) exhibits anti-obesity effects through the modulation of feeding efficiency ratio and plasma obesity parameters. Moreover, it seems that GGH(1) also contributes to improve NAFLD through the regulation of plasma ALT and hepatic triglyceride accumulation.

Keywords

References

  1. State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine "The Chinese Materia Medica" the editorial board. "The Chinese Materia Medica" (volume 8). 1st ed. Shanghai : Shanghai science and Technology Press. 1999 : 482-5, 640.
  2. Chang XQ, Ding LX. "Manual analysis of active components in traditional Chinese Medicine"(volume 2). 1st ed. Beijing : Academic Press. 2002 : 1354-60.
  3. Shen YJ. Pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine. 1st ed. Beijing : People's Medical Publishing House. 2000:645-6.
  4. State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine "The Chinese Materia Medica" the editorial board. "The Chinese Materia Medica" (volume 1). 1st ed. Shanghai : Shanghai science and Technology Press. 1999 : 453-9.
  5. Chang XQ, Ding LX. Manual analysis of active components in traditional Chinese Medicine (volume 1). 1st ed. Beijing : Academic Press. 2002 : 1254-6.
  6. Wang YS, Deng WL, Xue CS. The application and pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine. 2nd ed. Beijing : People's Medical Publishing House. 2000 : 684-8.
  7. Odunsi ST, Vazquez-Roque MI, Camilleri M, Papathanasopoulos A, Clark MM, Wodrich L, Lempke M, McKinzie S, Ryks M, Burton D, Zinsmeister AR. Effect of alginate on satiation, appetite, gastric function, and selected gut satiety hormones in overweight and obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 ; 18(8) : 1579-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.421
  8. Georg Jensen M, Kristensen M, Astrup A. Effect of alginate supplementation on weight loss in obese subjects completing a 12-wk energy-restricted diet: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 ; 96(1) : 5-13. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.025312
  9. Georg Jensen M, Pedersen C, Kristensen M, Frost G, Astrup A. Review: efficacy of alginate supplementation in relation to appetite regulation and metabolic risk factors: evidence from animal and human studies. Obes Rev. 2013 ; 14(2) : 129-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01056.x
  10. Keithley J, Swanson B. Glucomannan and obesity; a critical review. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 ; 11(6) : 30-4.
  11. Cairella M, Marchini G. Evaluation of the action of glucomannan on metabolic parameters and on the sensation of satiation in overweight and obese patients. Clin Ter. 1995 ; 146(4) : 269-74.
  12. Vita PM, Restelli A, Caspani P, Klinger R. Chronic use of glucomannan in the dietary treatment of severe obesity. Minerva Med. 1992 ; 83(3) : 135-9.
  13. Walsh DE, Yaghoubian V, Behforooz A. Effect of glucomannan on obese patients: a clinical study. Int J Obes. 1984 ; 8(4) : 289-93.
  14. Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Caldwell SH. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: summary of an AASLD Single Topic Conference. Hepatology. 2003 ; 37(5) : 1202-19.
  15. Jun DW, Influence of dietary intake on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean. National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation. 2012 : 12.
  16. Byrne CD, Olufadi R, Bruce KD, Cagampang FR, Ahmed MH. Metabolic disturbances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Sci (Lond). 2009 ; 116(7) : 539-64. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20080253
  17. Lazo M, Clark JM. The epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a global perspective. Semin Liver Dis. 2008 ; 28(4) : 339-50. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1091978
  18. Fan JG, Farrell GC. Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China. J Hepatol. 2009 ; 50(1) : 204-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.10.010
  19. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S, Tessari R, Zenari L, Lippi G, Arcaro G. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2007 ; 30(8) : 2119-21. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0349
  20. Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N, Nagata C, Takeda J, Sarui H, Kawahito Y, Yoshida N, Suetsugu A, Kato T, Okuda J, Ida K, Yoshikawa T. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a novel predictor of cardiovascular disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 ; 13(10) : 1579-84. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v13.i10.1579
  21. Oh JS, Lee SR, Hwang KT, Ji GE. The Anti-Obesity Effects of the Dietary Combination of Fermented Red Ginseng with Levan in High Fat Diet Mouse Model. Phytother Res. 2013 ; 19 : 1-6.
  22. Garrido-Polonio C, Garcia-Linares MC, Garcia -Arias MT, Lopez-Varela S, Garcia-Fernandez MC, Terpstra AH, Sanchez-Muniz FJ.. Thermally oxidised sunflower-seed oil increases liver and serum peroxidation and modifies lipoprotein composition in rats. Br J Nutr. 2004 ; 92(2) : 257-65. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20041174
  23. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. The sprevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 ; 98(5) : 960-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07486.x
  24. Westerbacka J, Corner A, Tiikkainen M, Tamminen M, Vehkavaara S, Hakkinen AM, Fredriksson J, Yki-Jarvinen H. Women and men have similar amounts of liver and intra-abdominal fat, despite more subcutaneous fat in women: implications for sex differences in markers of cardiovascular risk. Diabetologia. 2004 ; 47(8) : 1360-9.
  25. Fraser A, Longnecker MP, Lawlor DA. Prevalence of elevated alanine aminotransferase among US adolescents and associated factors: NHANES 1999-2004. Gastroenterology. 2007 ; 133(6) : 1814-20. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.08.077
  26. Kim WR, Flamm SL, Di Bisceglie AM, Bodenheimer HC. Public Policy Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease. Serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as an indicator of health and disease. Hepatology. 2008 ; 47(4) : 1363-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22109