Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society (한국조직공학·재생의학회)
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Development and Characterization of Fast-hardening Composite Cements Composed of Natural Ceramics Originated from Horse Bones and Chitosan Solution

  • Lim, Ki Taek (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Baik, Soo Jung (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Seung Won (Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University) ;
  • Kim, Jangho (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seonwoo, Hoon (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woo (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas) ;
  • Choung, Pill-Hoon (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choung, Yun-Hoon (Department of Otolaryngoology, Ajou University School of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University) ;
  • Chung, Jong Hoon (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2014.05.12
  • Accepted : 2014.09.15
  • Published : 2014.10.01
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Abstract

Calcium phosphate cements are highly promising for craniofacial and orthopedic repairs owing to rapid-setting and bone replacement capabilities. However, uses for tissue engineering are limited by poor strength. The objectives of this study were to develop fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution (CS), one of the bio-resources, and to pinpoint the effects of hardening time, mechanical strengths, cell adhesion, cell growth. The morphology and topography of newly formed bone were evaluated by computed topography (CT) and histological analysis. Natural ceramics derived from horse bones were performed to go through their analysis by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR). The Ca/P molar ratio of the ceramics was measured 1.62. Functional groups examined by FTIR detected phosphate ($PO_4{^{3-}}$), hydroxyl ($OH^-$), and carbonate ($CO_3{^{2-}}$). A hardening time of 3.5% (w/v) CS treatment was $23{\pm}0.60min$. Compressive strength as mixing nano-ceramics increased from $2.75{\pm}0.31$ to $9.25{\pm}0.66MPa$, and Young's modulus as mixing nano-ceramics also raised from $18.64{\pm}2.29$ to $41.54{\pm}9.63MPa$. Based upon the results of CT images and Heamotoxylin and Eosin (H&E) analysis, new bone tissues were well generated at the implanted site: a 50:50 ratio (%) of micro- and nano-ceramics. Self-hardening calcium phosphate composite cements fabricated using natural ceramics originated from horse bones and CS exhibited a great potential for fast-hardening time, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and tissue regeneration. Applications of the natural ceramics fabricated from by-products of bio-resources moreover may be useful in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Keywords

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