Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Visitors Characteristics of Urban Ecological Park - The Cases of Gildong Ecological Park, Yeouido Tributary Ecological Park -

도시 생태공원 이용자 특성 연구 - 길동생태공원, 여의도샛강생태공원을 사례로 -

  • Kim, Eun-Young (Korea Environment Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jung-A (Dept. of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland) ;
  • Kim, Hyoung-Gon (Graduate School of Tourism, Sejong University) ;
  • Chon, Jin-Hyung (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • 김은영 (한국환경정책평가연구원) ;
  • 이정아 (메릴랜드대학교 식물과학조경설계학과) ;
  • 김형곤 (세종대학교 관광대학원) ;
  • 전진형 (고려대학교 환경생태공학부)
  • Received : 2013.11.26
  • Accepted : 2014.01.24
  • Published : 2014.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Ecological parks enable the sustainable use of natural resources and can be used as a place for site based environmental education. This study presented an opportunity to expand the scope of user perceptions and leisure benefits into urban ecological parks. However, in-depth studies which are aimed at eco-park visitors seeking the leisure benefits of the eco experience programs are lacking. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the urban ecological park user' characteristics which were derived by analyzing the leisure benefits and attitudes for the environment. Also, the attitudes about the environment, and the leisure benefits of visiting urban ecological parks was found to influence visitors' overall satisfaction. To accomplish the purposes of this study, a questionnaire survey with 282 samples was carried out on the urban ecological park(Gildong ecological park, Yeouido tributary ecology park). The results of the analyses are as following: urban ecological park visitors had a positive attitude about the environment, and felt satisfied by the visitors' leisure benefits. The study also examined the relationships between visitors' expectations of the leisure benefits both before visiting and after visiting. The results showed that ecological park visitors had greater expectations regarding the leisure benefits of the ecological program. Leisure benefits have a positive influence on overall satisfaction, and a positive attitude for the environment does not affect satisfaction. This study reaches the conclusion that the ecology experience program utilizing ecological parks is very effective with regard to overall satisfaction in urban areas toward the general environment and ecological parks. One of the major implications of this study is to offer a way to improve user leisure benefits and promote ecological programs by developing ecological parks for the future.

생태공원은 자연 자원의 지속 가능한 이용을 활성화하고 대상지를 기반으로 환경 교육을 위한 장소로서 활용될 수 있다. 그러나 생태공원에서 운영되는 생태 체험 프로그램은 이용자들이 직접 체험하고 관찰하는 방식의 교육으로 이용자들이 요구하는 여가편익을 반영하여야 하지만, 이용자들을 대상으로 생태공원에 대한 여가편익을 심층적으로 고찰한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 생태공원을 방문하는 이용자들의 환경태도, 여가편익, 만족도 간의 영향관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 실증적 분석을 위해 서울시에 위치한 길동생태공원, 여의도 샛강 생태공원의 이용자를 대상으로 총 282부의 유효한 설문지를 수집하였다. 통계적 분석결과, 생태공원을 방문하는 이용자들의 환경에 대한 태도가 긍정적일수록 이용자들의 생태공원 방문시 자연친화적 경험에 대한 교육과 전문적인 지식 확대에 대한 여가편익에 높은 기대를 하고 방문하는 것으로 나타났다. 생태공원을 통해 이용자들이 원하는 여가편익이 방문하기 전 기대와 방문 후 여가편익의 차이 분석을 실시한 결과, 이용자들이 생태공원을 방문할 가치가 있었다고 느꼈으나, 교육적인 측면의 여가편익에서는 방문 전 기대보다 불충분한 만족을 느끼고 있음을 나타냈다. 또한, 방문 후 여가편익은 생태공원 전체 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 주고, 긍정적인 환경에 대한 태도는 전체 방문만족도에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 현재 우리나라의 생태공원이 일반 공원과 차이를 보이지 않고, 공원을 방문하는 이용자들도 차이를 느끼지 못하기 때문이라 판단된다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 생태공원 이용자들이 요구하는 여가편익인 자연친화적 경험과 생태교육의 다양성을 중심으로의 일반공원과의 차별적인 관리가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. Back, Y. C. and H. S. Ko(2000) An emperical study on festival market segmentation by benefit sought. Korean Journal of Hotel Administration 9(1): 45-64.
  2. Baker, D. A. and J. L. Crompton(2000) Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of Tourism Research 27(3): 785-804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00108-5
  3. Bearden, W. and J. E. Teel(1983) Selected determinants of customer satisfaction and complaints reports. Journal of Marketing Research 20(1): 21-28. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151408
  4. Bearden, W. O. and E. T. Jess(1983) Selected determinants of consumer satisfaction and compliaint reports. Journal of Marketing Research 20(1): 21-28. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151408
  5. Cho, Sanghee(2006) A study on effect visit motivation and expectation on tourism satisfaction and intention of behaviour: Centered on survey of Upo wetland at Changyeong in preparation of 2008 RAMSAR convention at Gyeongnam. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Studies 8(2): 71-87.
  6. Churchill, G. and C. Surprenant(1982) An investigation into the determinants of customer satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research 19(4): 491-504. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151722
  7. Cottrell, S. P.(2003) Influence of sociodemographics and environmental attitudes on general responsible environmental behavior among recreational boaters. Environment and Behavior 35(3): 47-375.
  8. Driver, B. L., P. J. Brown and G. L. Peterson(1991) Benefits of Leisure. State College, PA, US: Venture Publishing.
  9. Driver, B. L., R. Nash and G. Haas(1987) Wilderness benefits: A state-of-knowledge review. Intermountain Research Station. 220: 294-319.
  10. Eagles, P. F. J.(1992) The travel motivations of Canadian ecotourists. Journal of Travel Research 31(2): 3-7.
  11. Ellen, P. S., J. L. Wiener and C. Cobb-Walgren(1991) The role of perceived consumer effectiveness in motivating environmentally conscious behaviors. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 10(2): 102-117.
  12. Go, J. K. and J. J. Lee(1997) Income class anclysis forvironmental consciousness and polluntion avoidance cost. Journal of Environmental Policy and Administration 5(2): 215-446.
  13. Haava, J. and H. Judith(1998) Ecotourists motivational and demographic characteristics; A case of North Carolina travelers. Journal of Travel Research 38(4): 57-61.
  14. Haley, R. I.(1968) Benefit segmentation: a decision-oriented research tool. Journal of Marketing 32(3): 30-35. https://doi.org/10.2307/1249759
  15. Howard, J. A. and J. N. Sheth(1969) The Theory of Buyer Behavior. New York: Wiley.
  16. Hvenegaard, G. T. and P. Dearden(1998) Ecotourism versus tourism in a Thai national park. Annals of Tourism Research 25(3): 700-720. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00020-6
  17. Jochen, W. and M. Anna(2001) Exploring the role of alternative perceived performance measures and needs-congruency in the consumer satisfaction process. Journal of Consumer Psychology 11(3): 181-192. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327663JCP1103_04
  18. Kang, M. H., N, J. Kim and S. D. Choi(2003) Identification of ecotourists' distinctive characteristics by comparing with mass tourists: focusing on travel motivation and attitudes. Korean Journal of Tourism Research 17(2): 157-175.
  19. Khator, R.(1998) The new paradigm: from development administration to sustainable development administration. International Journal of Public Administration 21(12): 1777-1801. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900699808525368
  20. Kim, Y. J. and E. K. Ryu(2006) Astudy on the ways of city park planning method according to user preference-Focused on the preference about Asan citizens' use of a park. Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea 8(4): 55-63.
  21. Ko, D. W.(2006) Moderating effects of fear appeal advertising on the relationship between environmental attitude and behavior of tourists Korean Journal of Tourism Research 25(3): 139-160.
  22. Lee, J. H. and J. K. Jung(2000) A study on the relationship of perceived consumer effectiveness, environmental concern, and environmentally concerned consumption behavior. Journal of Marketing Management Research 5(2): 1-23.
  23. Lee, K. O.(2000) A Study on the Relationships of Ecotourist's Individual Characteristics, Tourism Activity Participation and Satisfaction. Ph. D. Dissertation. TourismManagement, Department of Business Administration Graduate School, Taegu University Kyungbuk. Korea.
  24. Lee, M. G., D. G. Lee and J. Y. Choi(2004) Eco-park. Seoul: Bomundang.
  25. Lee, S. K. and S. G. Yoo(2005) The establishment plan of an urban ecological park for approaching eco-friendly education and facilities. Korean Journal of Tourism Research 19(1): 275-295.
  26. Lindberg, K. and J. Enriquez(1994) An Analvsis of Ecotourism's Contribution to Conservation and Develooment in Belize. Washington: World Wildlife Fund 199(2): Comprehensive Report, World Wildlife Fund and Ministry of Tourism and the Environment (Belize)
  27. Luzar, E. J., A. D. Christopher and R. H. Brenda(1998) Profiling the nature-based tourist: A multinomial logit approach. Journal of Tourism Research 37(1): 45-55.
  28. Meric, H. J. and J. Hunt(1998) Ecotourists' motivational and demographic characteristics: A case of North Carolina travelers. Journal of Travel Research 36(4): 57-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759803600407
  29. Murdy, J. J. and D. Ko(2003) Tourist's beliefs about destination sustainability. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 1(2): 91-110.
  30. Oliver, J. C.(1980) A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions. Journal of Marketing Research 17(4): 460-469. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150499
  31. Oliver, R. L.(1999) Whence consumer loyalty?. Journal of Marketing 63(Speical Issue): 33-44.
  32. Park, T. Y. and G. I. Noh(2006) A survey of the needs for the development of ecopark and ecological education program of ecopark. Journal of the Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Tecnology 9(6): 95-106.
  33. Reymond, C. and T. Choi(2000) An importance-performance analysis of hotel selection factors in the Hong Kong hotel industry: A comparison of business and leisure travellers. Tourism Management 21(2000): 363-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00070-9
  34. Roh, Y. H.(2004) The Determinant Factors of Ecotourists' Satisfaction and Behavior Responses. Ph. D. Dissertation. Graduate School, Kyungpook National University. Daegu. Korea.
  35. Roh, Y. H., S. H. Lee, R. G. Choe and H. J. Yang(2004) Determinants of ecotourists' satisfaction. Korean Journal of Tourism Research 28(1): 27-42.
  36. Stein, T. V. and M. E. Lee(1995) Managing recreation resources for positive outcomes: An application of benefits-based management. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration 13(3): 52-70.
  37. Sung, S. J. and Y. G. Kim(2001) The environment interpreter's the educational effects at ecological parks-in the case of the Gil-Dong ecological park. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 28(6): 52-61.
  38. Theophile, K.(1995). The forest as a business: Is ecotourismthe answer? Journal of Forestry 93: 3, 25-27.
  39. Weigel, R. and J. Weigel(1978) Environmental concern: The development of a measure. Environment and Behavior 10(1): 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916578101001
  40. Wight, P.(1995) Ecotourism: Ethies of eco-sell?. Journal of Travel Research 31(1): 3-9.
  41. Yang, S. P. and Y. D. Kwak(2010) The effects of attractiveness, attitude, and perceived value on eco-tourists' satisfaction. Korean Journal of Tourism Research 25(5): 271-290.