References
- National Information Society Agency. The Survey of Internet Addiction 2011. Seoul: National Information Society Agency; 2012.
- Megan MA, Jelenchick L, Cox E, Young H, Christakis DA. Problematic internet use among US youth: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2011;165:797-805. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.58
- Lin MP, Ko HC, Wu JY. Prevalence and psychosocial risk factors associated with internet addiction in a nationally representative sample of college students in Taiwan. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2011;14:741-746. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0574
- National Internet Development Agency of Korea. Survey on the Computer and Internet Usage. Report about the second half of the year 2005. Seoul: National Internet Development Agency of Korea; 2006.
- National Internet Development Agency of Korea. Survey on the Computer and Internet Usage. Report about the second half of the year 2007. Seoul: National Internet Development Agency of Korea; 2008.
- Young KS. Caught in the Net: How to Recognize the Signs of Internet Addiction--and a Winning Strategy for Recovery. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1998.
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Pub Incorporated; 2013.
- Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Tang TC, Ko CH. The association between adult ADHD symptoms and internet addiction among college students: the gender difference. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009;12:187-191. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0113
- Cao F, Su L, Liu T, Gao X. The relationship between impulsivity and Internet addiction in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Eur Psychiatry 2007; 22:466-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.05.004
- Yen CF, Ko CH, Yen JY, Chang YP, Cheng CP. Multi-dimensional discriminative factors for Internet addiction among adolescents regarding gender and age. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2009;63:357-364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01969.x
- Lam LT, Peng ZW. Effect of pathological use of the internet on adolescent mental health: a prospective study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2010; 164:901-906.
- Yoo HJ, Cho SC, Ha J, Yune SK, Kim SJ, Hwang J, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2004;58:487-494. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2004.01290.x
- Ju SJ, Jwa DH. A prediction model for internet game addicted adolescents: focusing on socioeconomic and family related traits. Korean J Youth Stud 2011;18:165-190.
- Ni X, Yan H, Chen S, Liu Z. Factors influencing internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009;12:327-330. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0321
- Buchmann AF, Schmid B, Blomeyer D, Becker K, Treutlein J, Zimmermann US, et al. Impact of age at first drink on vulnerability to alcohol-related problems: testing the marker hypothesis in a prospective study of young adults. J Psychiatr Res 2009;43:1205-1212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.02.006
- Jenkins MB, Agrawal A, Lynskey MT, Nelson EC, Madden PA, Bucholz KK, et al. Correlates of alcohol abuse/dependence in early-onset alcohol-using women. Am J Addict 2011;20:429-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00151.x
- Rahman AS, Pilver CE, Desai RA, Steinberg MA, Rugle L, Krishnan-Sarin S, et al. The relationship between age of gambling onset and adolescent problematic gambling severity. J Psychiatr Res 2012;46:675-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.02.007
- Shapira NA, Goldsmith TD, Keck PE Jr, Khosla UM, McElroy SL. Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. J Affect Disord 2000;57:267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00107-X
- Achenbach TM. Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry; 1991.
- Oh KJ, Hong KE, Lee HR, Ha EH. Koran-Youth Self Report (K-YSR). Seoul, Korea: Chung Ang Aptitude Research Center; 1997.
- Kovacs M, Beck AT. An Empirical-Clinical Approach toward a Definition of Childhood Depression. In: Schulterbrandt JG, Raskig A, Editors. Depression on Children: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Conceptual Models. New York: Raven Press, 1977, p.1-25.
- Kovacs M. The Children's Depression Inventory: A self-rated depression scale for school-aged youngsters. Unpublished Manuscript; 1983.
- Cho SC, Lee YS. Development of the Korean form of the Kovacs; children's depression inventory. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 1990;29: 943-956.
- Carli V, Durkee T, Wasserman D, Hadlaczky G, Despalins R, Kramarz E, et al. The association between pathological internet use and comorbid psychopathology: a systematic review. Psychopathology 2013;46:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1159/000337971
- Cao H, Sun Y, Wan U, Hao J, Tao F. Problematic internet use in Chinese adolescents and its relation to psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. BMC Public Health 2011;11:802. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-802
- Yen JY, Ko CH, Yen CF, Wu HY, Yang MJ. The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of Internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility. J Adolesc Health 2007;41:93-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.02.002
- Ko CH, Yen JY, Chen CS, Yeh YC, Yen CF. Predictive values of psychiatric symptoms for internet addiction in adolescents: a 2-year prospective study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2009;163:937-943. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.159
- Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and promotion. The Survey of Internet addiction 2007. Seoul: Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and promotion; 2008.
- Kim HS, Chae KC, Rhim YJ, Shin YM. Familial characteristics of internet overuse adolescents. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2004;43: 733-739.
- Siomos K, Floros G, Fisoun V, Evaggelia D, Farkonas N, Sergentani E, et al. Evolution of Internet addiction in Greek adolescent students over a two-year period: the impact of parental bonding. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012;21:211-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-012-0254-0
- Kim TH, Ha EH, Lee ES, Cho SJ, Song DH. Emotional and behavioral problems related with internet addiction in adolescence. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2005;44:364-370.
- Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2012;27:1-8.
- Park MS, Park SE. The relationship between internet immersion and social competences and behavior development of elementary school children. J Educ Psychol 2004;18:313-327.
- Lee MS, Moon JW, Park JS. A Study on the relationship of middle and high school students' internet addiction level and school life adjustment. J Korean Soc School Health 2010;23:42-52.
- Fioravanti G, Dettore D, Casale S. Adolescent Internet addiction: testing the association between self-esteem, the perception of Internet attributes, and preference for online social interactions. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2012;15:318-323. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0358
- Khantzian EJ. The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1997;4:231-244. https://doi.org/10.3109/10673229709030550
- We JH, Chae KM. Internet addiction disorder of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder adolescents, psychological characteristics. Korean J Clin Psychol 2004;23:397-416.
- Yoo HJ, Woo Si, Kim J, Ha J, Lee CS, Sohn JW. Relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and internet addiction in high school students. Korean J Psychopathol 2003;12:85-94.
- Hong KE. Korean Textbook of Child Psychiatry. Seoul: Chungang Munwhasa; 2005.
- Shin HS, Lee JS, Lee HG, Shin JS. Sex-differences in the effects of comorbidity of depression/anxiety and aggression on adjustment problems of juvenile delinquents. Korean J Counsel Psychother 2004;16: 491-510.
- Kormas G, Critselis E, Janikian M, Kafetzis D, Tsitsika A. Risk factors and psychosocial characteristics of potential problematic and problematic internet use among adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2011;11:595. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-595
Cited by
- Resting-State Peripheral Catecholamine and Anxiety Levels in Korean Male Adolescents with Internet Game Addiction vol.19, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0411
- Adolescent Internet Addiction in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Change, and Correlates vol.29, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2015.10.005
- 인터넷 중독 임상군의 심리사회적 특성과 인터넷 중독 영향요인에 대한 융합 연구 vol.9, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.15207/jkcs.2018.9.7.337
- Young, Bullying, and Connected. Common Pathways to Cyberbullying and Problematic Internet Use in Adolescence vol.10, pp.None, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01467
- Transitions in Problematic Internet Use: A One-Year Longitudinal Study of Boys vol.16, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2019.04.02.1
- Relationship between problematic Internet use and age at initial weekly Internet use vol.9, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00009
- Relationship between problematic Internet use and age at initial weekly Internet use vol.9, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00009
- Internet Gaming, Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Distress, and Academic Performance Among University Students vol.35, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2020.35.2.14
- Relationship between problematic gaming and age at the onset of habitual gaming vol.62, pp.11, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14290
- Leisure and Problem Gaming Behaviors Among Children and Adolescents During School Closures Caused by COVID-19 in Hong Kong: Quantitative Cross-sectional Survey Study vol.9, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2196/26808
- The Relationship between Mother’s Smartphone Addiction and Children’s Smartphone Usage vol.18, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0338
- The Relationship between Mother’s Smartphone Addiction and Children’s Smartphone Usage vol.18, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0338
- Substance and Internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic in China vol.11, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01614-1
- Internet addiction, substance use and alexithymic dimensions in two different faculties' students vol.29, pp.3, 2021, https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a6786
- The Role of Social Support and Subjective Well-Being as Predictors of Internet Addiction among Israeli-Palestinian College Students in Israel vol.19, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00282-4