DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Improvement of DCT-based Watermarking Scheme using Quantized Coefficients of Image

영상의 양자화 계수를 이용한 DCT 기반 워터마킹 기법

  • 임용순 (국제대학교 IT계열) ;
  • 강은영 (동양미래대학교 정보통신과) ;
  • 박재표 (숭실대학교 정보과학대학원)
  • Received : 2013.12.28
  • Accepted : 2014.04.11
  • Published : 2014.04.28

Abstract

Watermarking is one of the methods that insist on a copyright as it append digital signals in digital informations like still mobile image, video, other informations. This paper proposed an improved DCT-based watermarking scheme using quantized coefficients of image. This process makes quantized coefficients through a Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization. The watermark is embedded into the quantization coefficients in accordance with location(key). The quantized watermarked coefficients are converted to watermarked image through the inverse quantization and inverse DCT. Watermark extract process only use watermarked image and location(key). In watermark extract process, quantized coefficients is obtained from watermarked image through a DCT and quantization process. The quantized coefficients select coefficients using location(key). We perform it using inverse DCT and get the watermark'. Simulation results are satisfied with high quality of image (PSNR) and Normalized Correlation(NC) from the watermarked image and the extracted watermark.

모바일 정지영상 동영상 등의 정보에 디지털 신호를 삽입하여 저작권을 주장하는 방안으로 워터마킹 알고리즘을 들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 영상의 양자화 계수를 이용한 이산 코사인 변환(DCT)을 기반으로 하는 워터마킹 알고리즘 방법을 제안하였다. 워터마크 삽입 기법은 디지털 원영상의 DCT와 양자화를 통하여 계수들(Quantized Coefficient)를 얻게 되었고, 양자화 계수들은 원하는 위치(Key)에 따라 DCT를 기반으로 한 워터마크(DCT-based watermark)를 삽입하게 되었다. 워터마크가 삽입된 부호화 정보는 역 양자화와 역 DCT를 통하여 워터마크 된 영상을 얻게 된다. 워터마크 추출 기법은 워터마크된 영상과 위치(Key)만을 사용하며, 워터마크 된 영상을 DCT와 양자화를 통하여 원하는 위치(Key)에서 계수를 분리하여 역 DCT하여 원 워터마크를 얻을 수 있었다. 모의실험 결과, 워터마크된 영상과 추출된 워터마크에서 영상의 화질(PSNR)과 워터마크의 정규화 상관도 (NC) 에서 만족할 만한 결과를 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. I. J. Cox, J. Kilian, T. Leighton, and T. Shamoon, "Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking for Multimedia, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing," vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1673-1687, Dec. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1109/83.650120
  2. X. Xia, C. G. Boncelet and G. R. Arce, "A Multiresolution Watermark for Digital Images," IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Processing, vol. 1, pp. 548-551, 1997.
  3. I. Cox, M. Miller, and J.Bloom. Digital Watermarking. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, 2002.
  4. D. Zheng, Y. Liu, J. Zhao, and A. E. Saddik, "A survey of RST invariant image watermarking algorithms," ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 39, issue 2, no. 5, 2007.
  5. M. Yesilyurt, Y. Yalman, A. T. Ozcerit, "A New DCT Based Watermarking Method Using Luminance Component," Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 47-52, 2013.
  6. Y. S. Im, E. Y. Kang, "MPEG-2 Video Watermarking in Quantized DCT Domain," The Journal of The Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication(JIIBC), Vol. 11, No. 1, pp.81-86, 2011.
  7. Ji-in Kim, Jeong-Sig Kim, and Goo-Rak Kwon,"A Robust Watermarking using Quantized AC Coefficients," Journal of KIIT. Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 85-90 June 30, 2013.
  8. Jung, Chan-Suk, Shin, Yong-Tae, "A Study on Verification of Security Threat and Method of Response for Multimedia Broadcasting and Communication Convergence Services," Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society(JKAIS), Vol. 14, Issue 6, pp. 3032-3042, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.6.3032

Cited by

  1. Fast Human Detection Algorithm for High-Resolution CCTV Camera vol.15, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.8.5263
  2. A Study on Adaptive Skin Extraction using a Gradient Map and Saturation Features vol.15, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.7.4508