DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Uplift response of circular plates as symmetrical anchor plates in loose sand

  • Niroumand, Hamed (Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) ;
  • Kassim, Khairul Anuar (Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)
  • Received : 2012.12.04
  • Accepted : 2013.11.19
  • Published : 2014.04.25

Abstract

Uplift response of symmetrical circular anchor plates has been evaluated in physical model tests and numerical simulation using Plaxis. The behavior of circular anchor plates during uplift test was studied by experimental data and finite element analyses in loose sand. Validation of the analysis model was also carried out with 50 mm, 75 mm and 100 mm diameter of circular plates in loose sand. Agreement between the uplift responses from the physical model tests and finite element modeling using PLAXIS 2D, based on 100 mm computed maximum displacements was excellent for circular anchor plates. Numerical analysis using circular anchor plates was conducted based on hardening soil model (HSM). The research has showed that the finite element results gives higher than the experimental findings in the loose sand.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, J.I. and Hayes, D.C. (1967)," The uplift capacity of shallow foundations", Ontario Hydro-Research Quarterly, 19(1), 1-15.
  2. Adhami, B., Nirouamnd, H. and Khanlari, K. (2012), "A new algorithm for the system identification of shear structures", Adv. Mater. Res., 457-458, 495-499
  3. Andreadis, A., Harvey, R.C. and Burley, E. (1981), "Embedded anchor response to uplift loading", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 107(1), 59-78.
  4. Baker, W.H. and Kondner, R.L. (1966), "Pullout load capacity of a circular earth anchor buried in sand", Highway Res. Rec., 108, 1-10.
  5. Balla, A. (1961), "The resistance of breaking-out of mushroom foundations for pylons", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Paris, 1, 569-576.
  6. Bhattacharya, P. and Kumar, J. (2012), "Horizontal pullout capacity of a group of two vertical strip anchors plates embedded in sand", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 3(2), 513-521.
  7. Bildik, S. (2010), "An investigation of uplift resistance in foundation engineering and the analysis of uplift resistance of different type of foundations", Master Thesis, Cukurova University, Turkey.
  8. Bowling, T. (2012), "Simplified analysis of the strength of anchor plates in a cohesionless soil: Part 2 - Experimental corroboration", Australian Geomech. J., 47(2), 11-16
  9. Bringkgreve, R. and Vermeer, P. (1998), PLAXIS-Finite Element Code for Soil and Rock Analysis, Version 7, Plaxis BV, The Netherlands.
  10. Chattopadhyay, B.C. and Pise, P.J. (1986), "Breakout resistance of horizontal anchors in sand", Soil. Found., 26(4), 16-22.
  11. Das, B.M. and Seeley, G.R. (1975a), "Inclined load resistance of anchors in sand", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 101(GT9), 995-1008.
  12. Das, B.M. and Seeley, G.R. (1975b), "Breakout resistance of shallow horizontal anchors", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 101(9), 999-1003.
  13. Dickin, E.A. (1988), "Uplift behavior of horizontal anchor plates in sand", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 114(11), 1300-1317. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1988)114:11(1300)
  14. Dickin, E.A. and Leung, C.F. (1992), "The influence of foundation geometry on the uplift behavior of piles with enlarged bases in sand", Can. Geotech. J., 29(3), 498-505. https://doi.org/10.1139/t92-054
  15. Dickin, E.A. and Laman, M. (2007), "Uplift response of strip anchors in cohesionless soil", J. Adv. Eng. Softwares, 38(8-9), 618-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2006.08.041
  16. Frgic, L. and Marovic, P. (2003), "Pullout capacity of spatial anchors", J. Eng. Comput., 21(6), 598-700.
  17. Frydman, S. and Shamam I. (1989), "Pullout capacity of slab anchors in sand", Can. Geotech. J., 26(3), 385-400. https://doi.org/10.1139/t89-053
  18. Ghaly, A.M. and Hanna, A.M. (1994), "Model investigation of the performance of single anchors and groups of anchors", Can. Geotech. J., 31(2), 273-284. https://doi.org/10.1139/t94-032
  19. Ghaly, A., Hanna, A.M. and Hanna, M.S. (1991), "Uplift behavior of screw anchors in sand. I: Dry sand", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 117(5), 773-793. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1991)117:5(773)
  20. Giffels, W.C., Graham, R.E. and Mook, J.F. (1960), "Concrete cylinder anchors", Electrical World, 154, 46-49.
  21. Hanna, T.H., Sparks, R. and Yilmaz, M. (1972), "Anchor behavior in sand", J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 98(11), 1187-1208.
  22. Ilamparuthi, K. and Dickin, E.A. (2001), "The influence of soil reinforcement on the uplift behavior of belled piles embedded in sand", Geotext. Geomembr., 19(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-1144(00)00010-8
  23. Ilamparuthi, K., Dickin, E.A. and Muthukrisnaiah, K. (2002), "Experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of circular plate anchors embedded in sand", Can. Geotech. J., 39(3), 648-664. https://doi.org/10.1139/t02-005
  24. Ireland, H.O. (1963), "Uplift resistance of transmission tower foundations: Discussion", J. Power Div. ASCE, 89(PO1), 115-118.
  25. Kame, G.S., Dewaikar, D.M. and Choudhury, D. (2012), "Pullout capacity of vertical plate anchors in cohesion-less soil", Geomech. Eng., Int. J., 4(2), 105-120. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2012.4.2.105
  26. Kananyan, A.S. (1966), "Experimental investigation of the stability of bases of anchor foundations", Osnovanlya, Fundamenty i mekhanik Gruntov, 4(6), 387-392.
  27. Krishnaswamy, N.R. and Parashar, S.P. (1994), "Uplift behavior of plate anchors with geosynthetics", Geotext. Geomembr., 13(2), 67-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(94)90040-X
  28. Kumar, J. and Kouzer, K.M. (2008), "Vertical uplift capacity of horizontal anchors using upper bound limit analysis and finite elements", Can. Geotech. J., 45(5), 698-704. https://doi.org/10.1139/T08-005
  29. Kuzer, K.M. and Kumar, J. (2009), "Vertical uplift capacity of two interfering horizontal anchors in sand using an upper bound limit analysis", J. Computer Geotechnic., 1(36), 1084-1089.
  30. Liu, J., Liu, M. and Zhu, Z. (2012), "Sand deformation around an uplift plate anchor", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 138(6), 728-737. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000633
  31. Mariupolskii, L.G. (1965), "The bearing capacity of anchor foundations", SM and FE, Osnovanlya, Fundamenty i mekhanik Gruntov, 3(1), 14-18.
  32. Merifield, R. and Sloan, S.W. (2006), "The ultimate pullout capacity of anchors in frictional soils", Can. Geotech. J., 43(8), 852-868. https://doi.org/10.1139/t06-052
  33. Meyerhof, G.G. (1973), "Uplift resistance of inclined anchors and piles", Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 2, Moscow, pp. 167-172.
  34. Meyerhof, G.G. and Adams, J.I. (1968), "The ultimate uplift capacity of foundations", Can. Geotech. J., 5(4), 225-244. https://doi.org/10.1139/t68-024
  35. Mors, H. (1959), "The behaviour of mast foundations subjected to tensile forces", Bautechnik, 36(10), 367-378.
  36. Murray, E.J. and Geddes, J.D. (1987), "Uplift of anchor plates in sand", J. Geotech. Eng., 113(3), 202-215. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1987)113:3(202)
  37. Niroumand, H. (2010), "Performance of shred tires and wood particles in earth bricks", Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, pp. 1083-1091.
  38. Niroumand, H., Kassim, K.A. and Nazir, R. (2010), "Uplift response of horizontal strip anchor plates in cohesionless soil," Electron. J. Geotech. Eng., 15 R, 1967-1975.
  39. Niroumand, H., Nazir, R. and Kassim, K.A. (2012), "The performance of electrochemical remediation technologies in soil mechanics", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 7(6), 5708-5715.
  40. Ovesen, N.K. (1981), "Centrifuge tests of the uplift capacity of anchors", Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Stockholm, pp. 717-722.
  41. Sarac, D.Z. (1989), "Uplift capacity of shallow buried anchor slabs", Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 2, pp. 1213-1218.
  42. Selvadurai, A.P.S. (1989), "Enhancement of the uplift capacity of buried pipelines by the use of geogrids", Geotech. Test. J., 12(3), pp. 211-216. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ10970J
  43. Selvadurai, A.P.S. (1993), "Uplift behavior of strata-grid anchored pipelines embedded in granular soils", J. Geotech. Eng., 24(1), 39-55.
  44. Smith, C.C. (1998), "Limit loads for an anchor/trapdoor embedded in an associated coulomb soil", Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 22(11), 855-865. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199811)22:11<855::AID-NAG945>3.0.CO;2-4
  45. Subbarao, C., Mukhopadhyay, S. and Sinha, J. (1988), "Geotextile ties to improve uplift resistance of anchors", Proceedings of the 1st Indian Geotextile Conference on Reinforced Soil and Geotextiles, Bombay, India, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. F3-F8.
  46. Sutherland, H.B. (1965), "Model studies for shaft raising through cohesionless soils", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Montreal, Vol. 2, pp. 410-413.
  47. Sutherland, H.B., Finlay, T.W. and Fadl, M.O. (1982), "Uplift capacity of embedded anchors in sand", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on the Behavior of Offshore Structures, Cambridge, MA, USA, pp. 451-463.
  48. Tagaya, K., Scott, R.F. and Aboshi, H. (1988), "Pull-out resistance of buried anchors in sand", Soil. Found., 28(3), 114-130. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.28.3_114
  49. Trautmann, C.H. and Kulhawy, F.H. (1988), "Uplift load-displacement behavior of spread foundations", J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 114(2), 168-184. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1988)114:2(168)
  50. Turner, E.Z. (1962), "Uplift resistance of transmission tower footings", J. Power Div. ASCE, 88(PO2), 17-33.
  51. Vesic, A.S. (1971), "Break-out resistance of objects embedded in ocean bottom", J. Soil Mech. Found. Div. ASCE, 97(9), 1183-1205
  52. Zhang, X., Yue, J.C., Liu, M.-L. and Liu, H.D. (2012), "Uplifting behavior and bearing capacity of plate anchors in sand", Chinese J. Geotech. Eng., 34(9), 1734-1739.

Cited by

  1. Model studies of uplift capacity behavior of square plate anchors in geogrid-reinforced sand vol.8, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2015.8.4.595
  2. Numerical modeling of uplift resistance of buried pipelines in sand, reinforced with geogrid and innovative grid-anchor system vol.9, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2015.9.6.757
  3. Improvement in uplift capacity of horizontal circular anchor plate in undrained clay by granular column vol.10, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.10.5.617
  4. Uplift capacity of horizontal anchor plate embedded near to the cohesionless slope by limit analysis vol.13, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2017.13.4.701
  5. Pullout capacity of shallow inclined anchor in anisotropic and nonhomogeneous undrained clay vol.13, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2017.13.5.825
  6. Response of square anchor plates embedded in reinforced soft clay subjected to cyclic loading vol.17, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.17.2.165