Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Characteristics of Flux Decline in Forward Osmosis Process for Asymmetric Cellulose Membrane

정삼투 공정에 있어 비대칭 셀룰로오즈 막의 투과유속 감소특성

  • Received : 2013.12.05
  • Accepted : 2014.03.03
  • Published : 2014.06.01
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Abstract

This study examined the effect of concentration polarization on permeate flux in forward osmosis (FO) membrane process for saline and sucrose solution. The reduction in permeate flux during the FO membrane process is largely due to the formation of concentration polarization on membrane surfaces. The flux reduction due to internal concentration polarization formed on the porous support layer was larger than that due to the external concentration polarization on the active membrane surface. Water permeate flux through the FO membrane increased nonlinearly with the increase in osmotic pressure. The water permeability coefficient was $1.8081{\times}10^{-7}m/s{\cdot}atm$ for draw solution on active layer (DS-AL) mode and $1.0957{\times}10^{-7}m/s{\cdot}atm$ for draw solution on support layer (DS-SL) mode in NaCl solution system. The corresponding membrane resistance was $5.5306{\times}10^6$ and $9.1266{\times}10^6s{\cdot}atm/m$, respectively. With respect to the sucrose solution, the permeate flux for DS-AL mode was 1.33~1.90 times higher than that for DS-SL mode. The corresponding variation in the permeation flux (J) due to osmotic pressure (${\pi}$) would be expressed as $J=-0.0177+0.4506{\pi}-0.0032{\pi}^2$ for the forward and $J=0.0948+0.3292{\pi}-0.0037{\pi}^2$ for the latter.

정삼투막 공정을 이용한 소금 및 수크로오스 용액의 처리에서 농도분극현상이 투과유속에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 정삼투 공정에서 투과 유속감소는 주로 분리막 표면에서의 농도분극에 기인하며, 분리막의 지지층에서 발생한 내부농도분극에 의한 투과유속 감속이 활성층에서 발생한 외부농도분극에 의한 것 보다 더 컸다. 순수 투과유속은 삼투압이 증가함에 따라 비선형적으로 증가하였다. NaCl 용액의 활성층 배향(DS-AL)에서의 수 투과계수는 $1.8081{\times}10^{-7}m/s{\cdot}atm$, 지지층 배향(DS-SL)의 경우 $1.0957{\times}10^{-7}m/s{\cdot}atm$ 이었으며, 이로부터 산출된 막저항은 각각 $5.5306{\times}10^6s{\cdot}atm/m$, $9.1266{\times}10^6s{\cdot}atm/m$ 이었다. 수크로오스 용액의 경우 활성층 배향(DS-AL)에서의 투과유속이 지지층 배향(DS-SAL)에서의 투과유속보다 1.33~1.90배 크게 나타났다. 삼투압(${\pi}$)에 대한 투과유속(J)의 변화는 전자의 경우 $J=-0.0177+0.4506{\pi}-0.0032{\pi}^2$, 후자의 경우 $J=0.0948+0.3292{\pi}-0.0037{\pi}^2$으로 표현될 수 있었다.

Keywords

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