Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation (한국방재학회 논문집)

Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation (한국방재학회)
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A Evaluation Study of Local Smoke Control Facility for the Smoke Spread Prevention on Tunnel Fire

터널 화재시 연기확산 방지를 위한 국소제연설비의 성능 평가 연구

  • Yoo, Yong Ho (Fire Research Center, Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Park, Sang Hun (Dong Il Engineering Consultnats Co. LTD.) ;
  • Han, Sang Ju (Head of Technical Research & Development Institute, Dong Il Engineering Consultnats Co. LTD.) ;
  • Shin, Hyun Jun (Fire Research Center, Korea Institute of Construction Technology)
  • 유용호 (한국건설기술연구원 화재안전연구센터) ;
  • 박상헌 (동일기술공사 기술연구소) ;
  • 한상주 (동일기술공사 기술연구소) ;
  • 신현준 (한국건설기술연구원 화재안전연구센터)
  • Received : 2014.04.03
  • Accepted : 2014.05.21
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

The modern tunnel tends to be long and deep and therefore has a lot of difficulties for effective smoke ventilation on fire due to the semi-hermetic structure. Also, it has difficulty on evacuation and fire fighting by toxic gases together with high increase rate of temperature. The smoke occurring on fire is to avoid spreading over adjacent area and secure a escape road for prolonging the escape time. Accordingly, test on performance evaluation has been carried out applying air curtain, local smoke extraction facilities, in this study. As a result of the test, it can be seen that the smoke barrier formed by the air curtain has an effect on prevention of the smoke layer spreading. In addition, in the result of the measurement on the carbon monoxide inside and outside the barrier by the air curtain, there was difference of 40-time carbon monoxide inside and outside. Therefore, it has been shown that the effect to prevent the smoke from spreading is expected on fire of the tunnel applying the air curtain.

장대화되고 대심도화 되는 현대 터널은 반밀폐적인 구조로 인하여 화재발생시 효과적인 배연에 많은 어려움이 있으며, 고온의 온도상승과 함께 유독성 연기로 인한 피난과 소화활동에 많은 어려움을 주고 있다. 본 연구에서는 화재시 발생되는 연기를 인접구역으로 확산되지 않도록 구획하여 피난자의 대피로를 확보하고 대피시간을 연장 시킬 수 있는 국부제연설비인 에어커튼을 적용한 성능평가 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 에어커튼에 의하여 형성된 연기차단막은 터널 내부의 차량 화재로 인한 고온 연기층의 확산 방지 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 에어커튼에 의한 차단막 내외부의 일산화탄소 측정결과에서도 40배 이상 차이를 보임으로써 에어커튼을 적용한 터널 화재시 연기확산방지 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 평가 되었다.

Keywords

References

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