Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Characteristics of Vegetation Structure of Managed Area by Oak Wilt Disease in Bukhansan National Park

북한산국립공원 참나무시들음병 방제지역 식생구조 특성 연구

  • 한봉호 (서울시립대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 최진우 ((재)환경생태연구재단) ;
  • 염정헌 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 이경재 (서울시립대학교 조경학과)
  • Received : 2014.03.19
  • Accepted : 2014.06.04
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

This study aims to provide the fundamental data for restoration through the analysis of vegetation structure characteristic for managed area with deforest and fumigation among the places damaged by oak wilt disease in Bukhansan National Park. Study areas were selected in six damaged areas with 18 plots ($20m{\times}20m$) including comparing plots between year 2006 and year 2011 after preliminary study finding the exact location with easy access. Analysis items are density and coverage of under story layer, Importance Percentage of under story layer and Importance Percentage of urban adapted species and alien species. As a result, density and coverage under the canopy layer's vegetation was higher than comparing plot in Musugol valley and Soquicheon valley which 4 years and more passed. And Wondobong, Darakwon, Doseonsa and Dobong valley which had not been passed 3 years after deforestation and fumigation decreased in those of vegetation. However, the plots in Wondobong and Doseonsa was analyzed to be higher in density of shrubs than comparing plot. In terms of distirbution of species in under canopy layer which is grown as a upper vegetation, Quercus serrata and Sorbus alnifolia dominated each other in under canopy layer except for Wondobong and Darakwon. Wondobong continuously maintained Quercus mongolica and Q. mongolica and Pinus densiflora dominated in under canopy layer of Darakwon. S. alnifolia which is Urban adapted species were distributed in most study areas. In terms of alien species, Magnolia obovata and Robinia pseudoacacia were newly intruded in the opened crown, and Pueraria thunbergiana was distributed in Soquicheon valley. As the result of soil analysis, acidification(pH 4.49) and low level of organic matter(3.23%), available phosphate(1.40mg/kg) and exchangeable cation were analyzed and it was considered that those environment poorly support the vegetation growth.

본 연구는 북한산국립공원 참나무시들음병 피해지 중 벌채 및 훈증 관리된 지역에 대한 식생구조특성을 분석함으로서 향후 식생복원을 위한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 대상지는 2006~2011년 벌채 및 훈증 관리된 지역 중 예비답사를 통해 관리년도가 명확하고 조사 및 관리가 용이한 탐방로 인접지역을 선정하였으며 선정된 대상지는 소귀천계곡, 무수골, 다락원, 원도봉, 도봉계곡, 도선사 등 6개 지역 이었다. 조사구는 대조구를 포함하여 총 18개소 ($20m{\times}20m$)를 설정하였으며 아교목층과 관목층의 밀도 및 피도, 아교목층의 상대우점치, 도시화적응종 및 외래종의 상대우점치 등을 분석하였다. 모니터링 결과, 벌채 후 4년 이상 경과된 소귀천계곡과 무수골에서 아교목층과 관목층의 밀도 및 피도가 모두 크게 증가하였으며 벌채 후 3년이 지나지 않은 지역 중 다락원, 원도봉, 도봉계곡, 도선사 등은 벌채 및 훈증 작업시 하층이 훼손되어 대조구에 비해 아교목 및 관목층 밀도가 낮았다. 하지만 원도봉과 도선사는 관목층의 밀도가 대조구에 비해 높았는데 다수의 유목이 이입된 것으로 분석되었다. 아교목층의 세력 경쟁 측면에서는 다락원과 원도봉을 제외하고는 신갈나무가 쇠퇴하면서 졸참나무와 팥배나무가 우점하였다. 다락원은 아교목층에서 소나무와 신갈나무 등이 우점하였고 원도봉은 신갈나무가 지속적으로 우점하였다. 외래종은 일본목련, 아까시나무 등이 수관층이 개방된 곳을 중심으로 분포하였으며, 소귀천계곡에서는 덩굴식생인 칡이 생육하였다. 토양환경에서는 전 지역에서 토양의 산성화(pH 4.49)와 더불어 유기물함량(3.23%), 유효인산(1.40mg/kg) 및 치환성양이온 등이 부족한 것으로 분석되어 수목생육에는 불량한 환경으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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