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Effect of Cultivation and Application of Green Manure Crop on Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Saemangeum Reclaimed Tidal Land

새만금간척지에서의 녹비작물 재배 및 시용이 토양이화학성에 미치는 영향

  • 강종국 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이상훈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이경보 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이경도 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 길근환 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 류진희 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 박기훈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이수환 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 배희수 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 황선아 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 황선웅 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김홍규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이건휘 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부)
  • Received : 2013.08.21
  • Accepted : 2014.03.05
  • Published : 2014.03.29

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of green manure crops on soil fertility and to provide informations for optimum cropping systems in Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land. Field trial was established with summer [sesbania (Sesbania sesban), wild millet (Echinochloa crus-galli), and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor)] and winter [oat (Avena sativa L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)] green manure crops at Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land in Korea from 2007 to 2011. Biomass of the green manure crops were 9.7-15.0 ton/ha (dry weight), and sorghumsudangrass hybrid produced consistently greater biomass than other crops across growing years. Cultivation and application of green manure crops increased soil organic matter contents from 1.3 to 6.0 g/kg by 1.2 g/kg per year. Green manure crops also improved bulk density from 1.44 to $1.24Mg/m^3$ by addition of biomass residues. Sequential cultivation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid followed by rye was most effective on decreasing bulk density of soil, and sesbania cultivation was most efficient on increasing soil nitrogen content. Overall, green manure crops can be probably useful for improvement soil fertility in Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land.

새로 조성된 간척농지의 토양개량을 위하여 새만금간척지에서 2007년부터 2011년까지 4년 동안 녹비작물 (여름철 : 세스바니아, 제주재래피, 수수${\times}$수단그라스, 겨울철 : 귀리, 호밀, 보리) 재배 및 시용이 토양이화학성에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 녹비작물의 바이오매스 생산량은 평균 9.7 ~ 15.0 ton/ha이었으며, 이 중에서 수수${\times}$수단그라스의 생산량이 가장 많았다. 2. 녹비작물의 재배와 시용으로 토양유기물 함량이 1.3에서 6.0 g/kg로 매년 평균 1.2 g/kg씩 증가하였다. 3. 녹비작물의 재배와 토양환원에 의해 토양의 용적밀도가 1.44에서 $1.24Mg/m^3$로 감소하였다. 4. 수수${\times}$수단그라스와 호밀의 이어짓기가 토양 용적밀도 감소에 가장 효과적이었고, 세스바니아 재배는 토양 질소함량 증가에 가장 효율적이었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 간척지에서의 녹비작물 재배 및 시용은 토양의 비옥도 요인을 일부 개선시킴으로써 간척농지 개량에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 앞으로 신간척지에서의 유기물과 관련된 다각적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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