Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers (한국자원공학회지)

The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers (한국자원공학회)
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Microseismic Monitoring in Shale Gas Development: A Report

셰일가스 개발에서의 미소지진 모니터링: 기술보고

  • 이광훈 (부경대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 이금석 (한국석유공사 석유기술개발원) ;
  • 신창훈 (한국가스공사 연구개발원) ;
  • 김영완 (한국가스공사 연구개발원)
  • Received : 2013.09.27
  • Accepted : 2014.04.10
  • Published : 2014.04.30
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Abstract

Microseismic monitoring is a key tool in hydraulic fracturing for shale-gas field development, providing information for various characteristics of induced fractures (e.g., length, height, width, dip, azimuth, asymmetry, and growth rate) and the volume of the stimulated reservoir. The microseismic data are acquired by surface or downhole geophone arrays. Microseismic events are located based on: (1) the arrival times of P- and S-waves and (2) wavefield back-propagation. The main uncertainty in the location of microseismic events results from inadequacy of the velocity model which can be constrained by dipole sonic data, traveltimes from the sources at the known locations, and cross-well tomography.

미소지진 모니터링(microseismic monitoring)으로부터 셰일가스(shale gas) 개발에 중요한 효과적인 수압파쇄(hydraulic fracturing) 작업과 파쇄균열의 특성(길이, 높이, 폭, 경사, 방향, 비대칭, 성장 속도) 및 자극된 저류암 체적(stimulated reservoir volume) 등에 대한 정보를 유추할 수 있다. 미소지진 자료는 지표면 또는 모니터 링공에 배치된 수진기로 기록하는데 일반적으로 미소지진의 발생 위치 결정은 P파와 S파의 도달시간과 파동전파 방향을 이용한 일반적인 위치 결정법과 파동을 역방향으로 전파 시키는 방법(back-propagation)을 이용하여 결정한다. 미소지진의 진원을 판단하는데 있어서 가장 불확실한 요소인 매질의 속도 구조는 쌍극자 음파검층(dipole sonic logging) 자료, 위치를 알고 있는 음원으로부터의 파의 전달시간, 시추공 사이 단면 영상법(cross-well tomography) 자료 등을 이용하여 구성하거나 보정할 수 있다.

Keywords

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