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Comprehensive Analysis of Exposed Adverse Factors in Disaster Response Activities - Focused on Fire -

재난 대응 활동 시 노출가능 유해인자 종합분석 -화재 현장을 중심으로-

  • Park, Chanseok (Department of Fire Safety Management, Woosong College)
  • Received : 2014.08.22
  • Accepted : 2014.09.29
  • Published : 2014.09.30

Abstract

Firefighters performing disaster response activities such as Fire Suppression Rescue First Aid in fire are being exposed in various adverse factors, heat, smoke, toxic gases, emotional stress, biological toxic factors and physical overload by unnatural ergonomic posture required for firefighters. But so far, there is the study for this problem only separately. There is no study about comprehesive analysis of exposed adverse factors in fire-related disaster response activities and countermeasures. The purpose of this study is to contiribute to solving the health problems and prevention of accidents of firefighters by extracting hazardous agents in disaster such as fire and by proposing countermeasures. After analyzing circumstances such as fire-suppression, rescue first aid and life-environment, exposure factors of fire are derived and exposure status is suggested according to physical chemical biological psychological aspects. The countermeasure against the noise of the physical exposure factors are proposed. The countermeasures such as protective equipment and clean room in chemical factors, infection prevention education, vaccination and periodic check system in biological factors, PTSD alleviation booth and mentoring in psychological factors are proposed.

화재와 같은 재난현장에서 재난대응활동을 수행하는 소방공무원은 진압 구조 구급활동을 하는 동안 열, 연기, 유독가스에 노출되며 정신적인 스트레스, 생물학적 유해인자, 그리고 화재 진압 시 요구되는 인체공학적으로 부자연스러운 자세로 인한 육체적 과부하 등의 다양한 유해인자에 노출되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 이에 대한 연구는 개별적 수준에서는 일부 존재해 왔지만 화재현장에서 소방관에게 노출되는 유해인자를 종합적으로 정리하고 그 대책까지 제안한 연구는 존재하지 않았다. 본 연구의 목적은 재난현장에서의 안전 및 유해인자를 종합적으로 도출하고 그 대응방안까지 제시함으로써 소방공무원의 노출로 인한 건강장애 및 사고 예방에 기여하는 데 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다. 이에 소방업무환경별로 화재진압분야, 구조 및 구급분야, 생활환경분야로 나누어 환경분석을 하고 물리적 화학적 생물학적 심리적 측면으로 구분하여 화재현장의 유해인자를 도출하고 노출현황을 제시하였다. 그리고, 물리적 유해인자 중에는 특수건강검진 결과 가장 많은 케이이스수를 차지하는 소음분야에 대하여 대처방안을 모색하였다. 화학적 유해인자는 보호장비와 클린룸 운영방안을, 생물학적 유해인자는 감염예방교육과 예방접종, 주기적 관리점검 체계확립을, 심리적 유해인자는 PTSD 경감 부스 설치와 멘토링제도의 도입을 제시하였다.

Keywords

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