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Stability of Four Limonoidal Substances of Neem Extract under Controlled Aquatic and Soil Conditions

님나무 추출물의 Limonoid계 살충성분 4종의 환경매체 노출 안정성

  • Kim, Jin Hyo (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeong, Du-Yun (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Jin, Cho-Long (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lim, Sung-Jin (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Geun-Hyoung (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Byung-Jun (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • 김진효 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 정두연 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 진초롱 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 김원일 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 임성진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 최근형 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 박병준 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 화학물질안전과)
  • Received : 2014.03.18
  • Accepted : 2014.07.09
  • Published : 2014.09.30

Abstract

The stabilities of four limonoidal substances including azadirachtin A, azadirachtin B, deacetylsalannin and salannin were investigated both in controlled aquatic and soil conditions. The half-life of the total limonoid for neem extracts and its two commercial biopesticides was estimated 86.6-173 days in water under air, while degradation of the compounds was detected below 10% after eight weeks in deoxygenated water. The half-life in dry soil was estimated 43.3-57.7 days, and there was a similar degradation pattern with in aerobic water condition. In case of wet soil condition, the total bacteria of the soils ranged 6-8 log CFU/g soil for during the experiment, and the half-life of the total limonoid was 6.4-12.3 days. From the result, the fast limonoid degradation in wet soil environment was the result of both chemical oxidation and microbial degradation.

본 연구에서는 님 추출물 및 이를 주성분으로 하는 유기농자재의 limonoid계 주요 4성분인 azadirachtin A, azadirachtin B, deacetylsalannin, salannin에 대해 수중 및 토양 노출 안정성을 평가하였다. 님 추출물을 대상으로 한 시험에서 limonoid계 유효성분의 수중 안정성 평가 결과 탈산소 조건에서 반감기는 210일 이상으로 매우 안정적이었으며, 호기조건의 반감기는 86.6일로 관찰되었다. 이러한 현상은 유기농자재 제품에서도 동일하게 나타났으며, 제품의 경우 반감기가 최대 173일로 관찰되어 추출물 원액보다 안정성이 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 님 추출물 및 제품을 대상으로 유효성분의 토양노출 안정성을 평가한 결과, 건조토양의 경우 추출물 원액과 유기농자재 제품의 차이가 크지 않았으며, 이때 유효성분의 반감기는 43.3-57.7일로 수중 호기조건 노출보다 분해가 약 2배 가량 빨리 진행됨을 확인하였다. 함수토양의 경우 총 limonoid 반감기는 6.4-12.3일로 본 연구에서 설정한 조건 중 분해 반감기가 가장 짧은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 함수토양 내 총 세균수는 6.0 log CFU/g soil 이상에서 유지됨을 확인하였으며, 이러한 결과로 볼 때 함수토양에서의 limonoid 성분 분해는 화학적 산화와 미생물 분해가 동시에 진행되는 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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