Korean Journal of Microbiology (미생물학회지)

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Phenotypic Characteristics of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Strains from Different Geographic Origins

지리적 기원이 다른 Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae 균주들의 표현형적 특성

  • Received : 2014.07.03
  • Accepted : 2014.08.05
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is the causal agent of bacterial canker in kiwifruit (genus Actinidia). Multilocus sequence analysis of seven housekeeping and 11 type III effector genes differentiated the virulent P. syringae pv. actinidiae isolates worldwide into three groups designated as Psa1-Psa3. In this work, a total of 12 P. syringae pv. Actinidiae strains, including three Psa1, three Psa2, three Psa3 strains isolated from Korea and three Psa3 strains from Italy, were compared based on their phenotypic properties. Strains with different geographic origins had unique growth patterns as demonstrated by growth rate at several temperatures; all tested strains exhibited maximum growth at temperatures below $22^{\circ}C$, while the growth of Psa3 strains was completely inhibited above $30^{\circ}C$. Psa3 strains isolated from Korea had longer lag phases than the Psa3 strains from Italy. The Psa2 strains were different from Psa1 and Psa3 strains in the API 20NE test, in which the Psa2 strains could not utilize potassium gluconate, capric acid and trisodium citrate. Psa3 strains isolated from Korea could hydrolyze esculin. The API ZYM test showed that ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity was detected only from Psa3 strains. The strains belonging to the three Psa groups differed with regard to their susceptibility to ampicillin, novobiocin, and oleandomycin.

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae는 참다래 속(genus Actinidia) 식물에 궤양병을 일으키는 원인세균이다. 7개의 필수 유전자와 11개의 타입 III 효과기 유전자에 대한 다중염기서열 분석을 통해 전 세계 여러 곳에서 분리된 병원성 균주들은 세 그룹으로 나눌 수 있었고 각각 Psa1-Psa3 그룹으로 명명되었다. 본 연구에서는 3개의 Psa1, 3개의 Psa2 및 우리나라와 이탈리아에서 분리된 3개씩의 Psa3 균주 등 총 12 균주를 대상으로 그룹별 표현형을 비교하였다. 그 결과 모든 그룹의 균주가 $22^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 최대의 성장을 보였으며, Psa3 균주들은 $30^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 성장이 정지되었다. 또한 우리나라의 Psa3 균주의 지연기가 이탈리아 Psa3 균주 보다 긴 특징을 보였다. API 20NE 시험에서 Psa2 균주는 potassium gluconate, capric acid 및 trisodium citrate를 이용하지 못하는 점에서 Psa1과 Psa3 균주와 구별되었다. 다른 그룹과 달리 우리나라 Psa3 균주는 esculin을 가수분해할 수 있었다. API ZYM 시험에서는 Psa3에 속하는 균주들에서만 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 활성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. Psa 그룹에 따라 ampicillin, novobiocin 및 oleandomycin 등의 항생물질에 대한 민감성 양상이 서로 달랐다.

Keywords

References

  1. Anonymous. 2011. Bacterial canker, kiwifruit-Chile: First report (O'Higgins, Maule). ProMed mail: International Society for Infectious Disease.
  2. Balestra, G.M., Renzi, M., and Mazzaglia, A. 2010. First report of bacterial canker of Actinidia deliciosa caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in Portugal. New Dis. Rep. 22, 10. https://doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2010.022.010
  3. Balestra, G.M., Renzi, M., and Mazzaglia, A. 2011. First report of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae on kiwifruit plants in Spain. New Dis. Rep. 24, 10. https://doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.010
  4. Balestra, G.M., Taratufolo, M.C., Vinatzer, B.A., and Mazzaglia, A. 2013. A multiplex PCR assay for detection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and differentiation of populations with different geographic origin. Plant Dis. 97, 472-478. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0590-RE
  5. Bastas, K. and Karakaya, A. 2012. First report of bacterial canker of kiwifruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in Turkey. Plant Dis. 96, 452.
  6. Butler, M.I., Jung, J.S., Kim, G.H., Lamont, I., Stockwell, P., Koh, Y.J., and Poulter, R.T.M. 2013a. Genomic features of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae recently isolated in Korea. p. 84. Abstr. 1st International Symposium on Bacterial Canker of Kiwifruit (Psa).
  7. Butler, M.I., Stockwell, P.A., Black, M.A., Day, R.C., Lamont, I.L., and Poulter, R.T.M. 2013b. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae from recent outbreaks of kiwifruit bacterial canker belong to different clones that originated in China. PLoS ONE 8, e57464. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057464
  8. Chapman, J.R., Taylor, R.K., Weir, B.S., Romberg, M.K., Vanneste, J.L., Luck, J., and Alexander, B.J.R. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships among global populations of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. Phytopathology 102, 1034-1044. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-12-0064-R
  9. Everett, K.R., Taylor, R.K., Romberg, M.K., Rees-George, J., Fullerton, R.A., Vanneste, J.L., and Manning, M.A. 2011. First report of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae causing kiwifruit bacterial canker in New Zealand. Aust. Plant Dis. Notes 6, 67-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-011-0023-9
  10. Ferrante, P. and Scortichini, M. 2009. Identification of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae as causal agent of bacterial canker of yellow kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planchon) in central Italy. J. Phytopathol. 157, 768-770. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2009.01550.x
  11. Ferrante, P. and Scortichini, M. 2010. Molecular and phenotypic features of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae isolated during recent epidemics of bacterial canker on kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) in central Italy. Plant Pathol. 59, 954-962. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02304.x
  12. Han, H.S., Koh, Y.J., Hur, J.S., and Jung, J.S. 2003. Identification and characterization of coronatine-producing Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 13, 110-118.
  13. Koh, H.S., Kim, G.H., Lee, Y.S., Koh, Y.J., and Jung, J.S. 2014. Molecular characteristics of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae strains isolated in Korea and a multiplex PCR assay for haplotype differentiation. Plant Pathol. J. 30, 96-101. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.NT.09.2013.0095
  14. Koh, Y.J., Cha, B.J., Chung, H.J., and Lee, D.H. 1994. Outbreak and spread of bacterial canker in kiwifruit. Kor. J. Plant Pathol. 10, 68-72.
  15. Koh, Y.J., Kim, G.H., Koh, H.S., Lee, Y.S., Kim, S.C., and Jung, J.S. 2012. Occurrence of a new type of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae strain of bacterial canker on kiwifruit in Korea. Plant Pathol. J. 28, 423-427. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.NT.05.2012.0061
  16. Mazzaglia, A., Studholme, D.J., Taratufolo, M.C., Cai, R., Almeida, N.F., Goodman, T., Guttman, D.S., Vinatzer, B.A., and Balestra, G.M. 2012. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (PSA) isolates from recent bacterial canker of kiwifruit outbreaks belong to the same genetic lineage. PLoS ONE 7, e36518. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036518
  17. Scotichini, M. 1994. Occurrence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae on kiwifruit in Italy. Plant Pathol. 43, 1035-1038. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb01654.x
  18. Takikawa, Y., Serizawa, S., Ichikawa, T., Tsuyumu, S., and Goto, M. 1989. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae sp. nov., the causal bacterium of canker in kiwifruit in Japan. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Japan 55, 437-444. https://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.55.437
  19. Vanneste, J.L. 2012. P. syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa): a threat to the New Zealand and global kiwifruit industry. N. Z. J. Crop Horticul. Sci. 40, 265-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2012.736084
  20. Vanneste, J.L., Poliakoff, F., Audusseau, C., Cornish, D.A., Pailard, S., Rivoal, C., and Yu, J. 2011. First report of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in France. Plant Dis. 95, 1311.

Cited by

  1. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae isolated from Actinidia chinensis Var. deliciosa in Northern Italy: genetic diversity and virulence vol.150, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-017-1267-9
  2. The Scientific, Economic, and Social Impacts of the New Zealand Outbreak of Bacterial Canker of Kiwifruit (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae) vol.55, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035530
  3. 참다래 잎에서의 궤양병 감염 위험도 모형 vol.22, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2016.22.3.168
  4. D-PSA-K: A Model for Estimating the Accumulated Potential Damage on Kiwifruit Canes Caused by Bacterial Canker during the Growing and Overwintering Seasons vol.32, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2016.0068
  5. 2014년과 2015년 전남 보성에서의 키위 궤양병의 계절별 발생소장 vol.22, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2016.22.4.217
  6. 키위 궤양병 효율적 관리를 위한 매뉴얼 vol.23, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2017.23.1.1