Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Comparative Analysis of Gait Safety between Elderly Female and Adult Female

여성 노인과 성인의 보행안정성 비교

  • Yi, Jae-Hoon (Division of Liberal Arts and Teaching, Sungkyul University) ;
  • Chang, Jae-Kwan (Department of Golf management, Kyunghee University)
  • 이재훈 (성결대학교 교양교직부) ;
  • 장재관 (경희대학교 체육대학 골프경영학과)
  • Received : 2014.09.02
  • Accepted : 2014.09.20
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the different patterns of the lower limb between elderly and adult females to reduce the rate of falls. Ten old females(age: $73.1{\pm}2.69yrs$, height: $151.9{\pm}4.82cm$, mass: $57.36{\pm}5.36$) and ten adult females(age: $28\pm}4.76$ yrs, height: $160.6{\pm}6.83cm$, mass: $53.9{\pm}8.44$) were participated in this experiment. The gait motions were captured with Qualisys system and variables were calculated with Visual-3D. The following results were found. The elderly female group showed bigger inclination angle between COM and COP than the adult female group so that the dynamic stability was reduced in walking for the compensation with a bigger stride width. The elderly female group ensure for the necessary forward movement of COM in order to replace the decreased function of ankle and knee joint. If the distance between COM and COP is closer and the energy reduction of a specific joint is reduced, they could prevent the elderly female's falling rate by strengthening of muscles which were related the extension of ankle joint.

Keywords

References

  1. Allum, J. H., Adkin, A. L., Carpenter, M. G., Held-Ziolkowska, M., Honegger, F., & Pierchala, K. (2001). Trunk sway measures of postural stability during clinical balance tests: effects of a unilateral vestibular deficit. Gait & Posture, 14, 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00132-1
  2. Allum, J. H., Zamani, F., Adkin, A. L., & Ernst, A. (2002). A differences between trunk sway characteristics on a foam support surface and on the Equitest ankle-sway-referenced support surface, Gait and Posture, 16, 264-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00011-5
  3. Cromwell, R. L., Newton, R. A. & Forrest, G. (2001). Head Stability in older adults during walking with and without visual input. Journal of Vestibular Research, 11, 105-114.
  4. Cromwell, R. L., Newton, R. A. & Forrest, G. (2002). Influence of vision on head stabilization strategies in older adults during walking. Journal of Gerontology, M442-M448.
  5. Dingwell, J. B. & Cusumano, J. P. (2000). Nonlinear time series analysis of normal and pathological human walking, Chaos, 10(4), 848-863. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1324008
  6. Griffin, M. R., Ray, W. A., Fought, R. L., Melton, L. J. (1992). Black-white differences in fracture rates. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136 (11), 1378-1385. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116450
  7. Judge, J. O., Davis, R. B. ?rd., Ounpuu, S. (1996). Step length reductions in advanced age: the role of ankle and hip kinetics. Journal of Gerontology a Biological science medical science, 51: M303-312.
  8. Kaya, B. K., Krebs, D. E., & Riley, P. O. (1998). Dynamic stability in elders: momentum control in locomotor ADL. Journal of Gerontology, 53, 126-34.
  9. King, M. B. & Tinetti, M. E. (1995). Falls in community dwelling older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 43, 1146-1154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07017.x
  10. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. (2011). 2011 survey of the elderly.
  11. Korea Institute for Industrial Economics & Trade. (2007). vision and strategy areas of silver medical devices in 2020.
  12. Krebs, D. E., McGibbon, C. A., & Goldvasser, D. (2001). Analysis of postural perturbation responses. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 9, 76-80. https://doi.org/10.1109/7333.918279
  13. Lee, H. J., & Chou, L. S. (2006). Detection of Gait Instability Using the Center of Mass and Center of Pressure Inclination Angles. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 87, 569-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.11.033
  14. Liu-Ambrose, T., Khan, K. M., Eng, J. J., Janssen, P. A., Lord, S. R., & Mckay, H. A. (2004). Resistance and agility training reduce fall risk in women aged 75 to 85 with low bone mass: a 6-month randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 525, 657-665.
  15. McGibbon, C. A., Krebs, D. E., Punello, M. S.(2001). Mechanical energy analysis identifies compensatory stratagies in disabled elder's gait. Journal of Biomechanics, 34, 481-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00220-7
  16. Nashner, L. M.(1980). Balance adjustments of humans perturbed while walking. Journal of Neurophysiology, 44(4), 650-664. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1980.44.4.650
  17. NCIPC. (2005). Falls among Older Adults: An Wverview. Retrieved March 1, 2006, from Http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/adultfalls.htm.
  18. O'Loughlin, J. L., Robitaille, Y., Boivin, J. F., Suissa, S.(1993). Incidence of and risk factors for falls and injurious falls among the community-dwelling elderly. American Journal of Epidemiology, 137, 342-354. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116681
  19. Overstall, P. W., Exton-smith, A. N., Imms, F. J. & Johnson, A. L. (1977). Falls in the elderly related to postural imbalance. British Medical Journal, 1(6056), 261-264. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.6056.261
  20. Pedotti, A.(1997). A study of motor coordination and beuromuscular activities in human locomotion. Biological Cybernetics, 26, 53-62.
  21. Perry, J.(1974). Kinesiology of lower extremity bracing. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 102, 18-31. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-197407000-00004
  22. Riley, P. O., DellaCroce, U., & kerrigan, D. C.(2001). Effect of age on lower extremity joint moment contributions to gait speed. Gait & Posture, 14, 264-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00133-3
  23. Rao, S. S. (2005). Prevention of falls in older patients. American Family Physician. 72, 81-94.
  24. Rogers, M. E., Fernandeze, J. E., & Bohlken, R. M. (2001). Training to reduce postural sway and increase functional reach in the elderly. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 11, 291-298. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013300725964
  25. Ryu, J. S. (2008). Dynamic Stability Analysis of Patients with Degenerative Osteoarthritise during Walking. Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, 18(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2008.18.1.021
  26. Sparrow, W. A. & Tirosh O. (2005). Gait termination: a review of experimental methods and the effects of ageing and gait pathologies. Gait & Posture, 22, 362-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.11.005
  27. Statistics Korea. (2012). 2012 Statistics of the aged.
  28. Tirosh, O., & Sparrow, W. A.(2004). Gait termination in young and older adult: effects of stopping stimulus probability and stimulus delay, Gait and Posture, 19, 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00063-8
  29. Winter, D. A., Patla, A. E., Frank, J. S., & Walt, S. E.(1990). Biomechanical walking pattern changes in the fit and healthy elderly. Physical Therapy, 70, 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/70.6.340
  30. Yi, J. H., & Ryu, J. S.(2011). Biomechanical Alternation of the Elderly Depending on the Type of Gait Termination. Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, 21(2), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2011.21.2.189

Cited by

  1. The Effects of Pilates Exercise on Static and Dynamic Balance in the Elderly vol.26, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2016.26.4.397
  2. Reliability of 3D-Inertia Measurement Unit Based Shoes in Gait Analysis vol.25, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2015.25.1.123
  3. Analysis of the Characteristics of Ground Reaction Force According to the Level of Knee Osteoarthritis During Gait vol.25, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2015.25.4.393