Reproductive and Developmental Biology

The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction (한국동물번식학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Cortisol and Fatty Acid Contents in Hanwoo Meat Produced by Antibiotics-free Rearing System

무항생제 사육방식으로 생산된 한우육내 코티졸과 지방산 함량

  • Ha, Jae-Jung (Gyeongsangbuk-Do Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Ki (Gyeongsangbuk-Do Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Yi, Jun-Koo (Gyeongsangbuk-Do Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Oh, Dong-Yep (Gyeongsangbuk-Do Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Suk-Soo (College of Humanistic, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Kyun (College of Agriculture Life Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Chae, Hyung-Bok (Law School, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Joon (College of Veterinary, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Young-Sik (College of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2014.09.19
  • Accepted : 2014.09.23
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to elucidate the effect of antibiotic-free rearing system(ARS) on cortisol level, stress hormone, and fatty acid content in the edible muscle tissues, that were of M. longissimus in Hanwoo. These cattle were reared in two different systems including antibiotic-free (ARS) and conservative system (CRS). To increase the experimental reliability, the muscle samples were purchased 3 times from 3 Korean brands of beef produced with ARS or CRS. In the muscle tissue, cortisol level was significantly lower in ARS than CRS, (p=0.0176). But the levels of total saturated- and unsaturated-fatty acids were not significantly different between ARS and CRS (p>0.05). Of total fatty acids, the total saturated fatty acid tended to be greater in CRS and the total unsaturated fatty acid tended to be greater in ARS. However, of the total unsaturated fatty acids, the level of n-6 unsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in ARS than CRS (p=0.0040). Especially, ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid (ALA) and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) levels were significantly higher in ARS (p<0.01). The n-6 fatty acid content and cortisol level in muscle tissue were negatively correlated at p=0.0140. In conclusion, ARS may produce beef with higher quality which contains lower cortisol and greater n-6 fatty acids, such as ALA and GLA.

본 시험은 무항생제 사육방식이 한우육내 코티졸과 지방산 함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 무항생제 및 관행 축산으로 생산된 한우육 1등급 등심(M. longissimus)부위를 3가지의 브랜드별로 각각 3회씩 구매하여 시료로 공시하였고, 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 한우육 등심내 코티졸 함량은 무항생제 처리구에서 관행사육 처리구 대비 유의적(p=0.0176)으로 낮게 나타났으며, 포화지방산 및 불포화지방산 함량에서는 유의적(p>0.05)인 차이를 나타내지는 않았으나, 관행사육 처리구에서는 포화지방산이, 무항생제 처리구에서는 불포화지방산이 각각 높은 경향으로 분석되었다. 또한, 불포화지방산 중 n-3과 n-9 지방산을 제외한 n-6 지방산(linoleic acid, ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid)에서 유의적(p<0.01)인 차이를 보였다. 또한, 한우육내 코티졸 농도와 n-6 지방산 농도간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 특히 linoleic acid와 유의적(p=0.0140)으로 부(-)의 상관관계가 성립되었다. 결과적으로, 무항생제 인증으로 사육된 한우육은 관행적으로 사육된 한우육에서 보다 상대적으로 코티졸 함량이 낮았으며, 건강에 유익한 불포화지방산 함량이 다소 높은 경향으로 분석됨으로써 육질을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aro AE, Kesteloot H, Rimestad A, Thamm M, Van PG (1998): Trans fatty acids in French fries, soups and snacks from 14 European countries: The transfair study. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 11:170-177. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1998.0572
  2. Cai T, Song Z, Zhang X, Wang X, Jiao H, Lin H (2009): Increased de novo lipogenesis in liver contributes to the augmented fat deposition in dexamethasone exposed broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 150:164-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.04.005
  3. Cho JH (2008): Effects of pen and group size on growing and fattening characteristics in Hanwoo steers. Master degree thesis, Kangwon national university, Chun-cheon, Korea.
  4. Cho SH, Kim JH, Kim JH, Seong PN, Park BY, Kim KE, Seo G, Lee JM, Kim DH (2008): Prediction of palatability grading model with tenderness, juiciness, flavor-likeness and overall acceptability of Korean Hanwoo steer beef. J Anim Sci pp. 136.
  5. Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Scollan N, Ender K, Nuernberg K (2007): Diet alters the fatty acid composition of individual phospholipid classes in beef muscle. J Agric Food Chem 55(2):452-460. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf061793x
  6. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 226(1):497-509.
  7. Grossi G, Perski, A, Ekstedt M, Johanson T, Lindstrom M, Holm K (2005): The morning salivary cortisol respone in Burnout. J Psychosom Research 59(2):103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.02.009
  8. Hwang CJ (2009): A study on the purchase factors of the environment friendly agricultural products and measures to promote the purchase. Doctoral degree thesis, Han-seo University, Seosan, Korea.
  9. Hegsted DM, McGrandy RB, Myers ML, Stare FJ (1993): The irresistible fascination of carotenoids and vitamin A: review. the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57:833-875. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/57.6.833
  10. Jang KY (2009): A study on an estimation for willingness to pay on Korean organic beef and green marketing strategy. Master degree thesis, Dan-kook University, Seoul, Korea.
  11. Jeremiah IE (1996): The influence of subcutaneous fat thickness and marbling on beef. Food Res Int 29(5/6):513-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(96)00049-X
  12. Ji SM (2011): Effect of manual technic and high frequency on self awareness of stress, cortisol and body composition change in abdominal obese women. Master degree thesis, Dong-duk womens university, Seoul, Korea.
  13. Jung YB (2006): Comparison of the beef quality of Hanwoo (Korean Cattle) bulls by various area of cattle pens. Master degree thesis, Kangwon national university, Chun-cheon, Korea.
  14. Kang SM, Park YS, Lee IS, Kim TS, Panjono, Lee SK (2008): Effect of sawdust-bedded thickness in floors of Hanwoo on meat quality of M. longissimus after slaughter. Korean J Food Sci Ani Resour 28(2):196-203. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.2.196
  15. Kim TS (2009): A study on the shift of livestock condition and customer trend to internal environmental friendly livestock priority project. Nong-hyup Economic Research Institute. NHERI report 79.
  16. Ko, YJ (2011): The effect of aroma hand massage on sleep, depression and serum cortisol level in cancer patient during hospitalization. Master degree thesis, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
  17. Korea Livestock Products HACCP Accreditation Service (2011): Certification statistics on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point. http://www.ihaccp.or.kr/site/haccp/sub.do?key=221
  18. Korean Statistical Information Service (2011): GDP and GNI by Economic activities for recent 3 years. Statistics Korea.
  19. Lee KY (2009): A study on characteristics of sawdust and cocopeat beddings, and its usefulness according to the fan and pen location for Hanwoo cattle. Master degree thesis, Kon-kook University, Seoul, Korea.
  20. Lee SK, Panjono, Kang SM, Park YS, Kim TS, Song YH (2008): The quality characteristics of M. longissimus from Hanwoo (Korean cattle) with different floor space, J Muscle Foods 19:302-314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2008.00120.x
  21. Li SG, Yang YX, Rhee YJ, Jang WJ, Ha JJ, Lee SK, Song YH (2010): Growth, behavior, and carcass traits of fattening Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) steers managed in different group sizes. Asian-Aust. J Anim Sci 23(7):952-959. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90276
  22. McEwen BS, Biron CA, Brunson KW, Bulloch K, Chambers WH, Bhabhar FS, Goldfarb RH, Kitson RP, Miller AH, Spencer RL, Weiss JM (1997): The role of adrenocorticoids as modulators of immune function in health and disease: Neural, endocrine and immuneinteractions. Brain Res Rev 23:79-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0173(96)00012-4
  23. Melton SL, Amiri M, Davis GW, Backus WR (1982): Flavor and chemical characteristics of ground beef from grass-, forage-, grain- and grain-finished steers. J Anim Sci 55:77-87.
  24. Moberg GP (1985): Animal stress. Am. Physiological Society. pp. 225-238.
  25. Morrison RS, Hemsworth PH, Cronin GM, Campbell RG (2001): The effect of restricting pen space and feeder availability on the behaviour and growth performance of entire male growing pigs in deep-litter, large group housing system. Appl Anim Behav Sci 83:163-176.
  26. National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service (2013): Environment-friendly agriculture and animal products, organic foods by certification concerning on enforcement method of details. National agricultural products quality management service notification 2013-20.
  27. Oh DY, Lee YS, La BM, Yeo JS (2012): Identification of the SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) for fatty acid composition associated with beef flavor-related FABP4 (Fatty acid binding protein 4) in Korean Cattle. Asian-Aust. J Anim Sci 25(7):913-920. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12078
  28. Oka A, Iwaki F, Dohgo T, Ohtagaki S, Noda M, Shiozaki T, Endoh O, Ozaki M (2002): Genetic effects on fatty acid composition of carcass fat of Japanese Black Wagyu steers. J Anim Sci 80:1005-1011. https://doi.org/10.2527/2002.8041005x
  29. Park CS, Choi IH, Park YS (2013): Sexual maturation may affect the levels of n-6 PUFA in muscle tissues of male mice. J Anim Techn 55(2):147-153. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2013.55.2.147
  30. Shaw FD, Trout GR, McPhee CP (1995) Plasma and muscle cortisol measurements as indicators of meat quality and stress in pigs. Meat Sci 39(2):237-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(94)P1824-F
  31. Sturdivant CA, Lunt DK, Smith GC, Smith SB (1992): Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue and M. longissimus dorsi of Waygu cattle. Meat Sci 32:449-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(92)90086-J
  32. Yang KY (2013): Effects of bedding type on the lying and body care behavior of growing Hanwoo. Master degree thesis, Kangwon National University, Chun-cheon, Korea.
  33. Yoo DK (2007): A task and valuation on farm animal welfare for organic livestock. Korean J Organic Agri 15(3):237-256.
  34. Yoon CH (2008): A study on the consumption for the Eco-friendly livestock product : with special emphasis on the consumer's survey in urban area. Master degree thesis, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, Korea.
  35. Yu JY (2009): Effect of various bedding materials on chemical characteristics of litter and behavior in Korean native steer. Master degree thesis, Kon-kook University, Seoul, Korea.
  36. Yu S, Derr J, Etherton, TD, Johnson JA, Dallal GE (1995): Plasma cholesterol-predictive equations demonstrate that stearic acid is neutral and monounsaturated fatty acids are hypocholesterolemic. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61:1129-1139. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.5.1129
  37. Waldman RC, Suess GG, Lewis RW, Bray RW, Brungardt VH (1965): Certain fatty acids of bovine tissue and their association with carcass characteristics. J Anim Sci 24:869.
  38. Westerling DB, Hedrick HB (1979): Fatty acid composition of bovine lipids as influenced by diet, sex and anatomical location and relationship to sensory characteristics. J Anim Sci 48:1343-1348.
  39. Williams CM (2000): Dietary fatty acids and human health. Ann Zootech 49:165-180. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2000116