Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Distribution Status and Age Structure of Abies holophylla Population in Sudo-Am Temple Forest

수도암 사찰림의 전나무 개체군 분포현황과 연령구조분석

  • Received : 2014.07.15
  • Accepted : 2014.09.04
  • Published : 2014.09.30
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Abstract

This study was aimed at looking into the distribution status and age structure of Abies holophylla population in Sudo-Am temple forest. It was found that a total of 302 individuals of Abies holophylla existed which were more than 2m in height within the study area. Furthermore the population size is one of the largest in the southern region of Korea. The CBH of Abies holophylla ranged from 1.5 cm to 500.8 cm. Age structure of Abies holophylla looks like a gourd-shaped bottle. This means that they have an unstable structure status and do not survive very long. This status results from a variety of factors including, vegetation succession, anthropogenic activities, and global warming. The environmental characteristics of Abies holophylla population was $931{\pm}64.5m$ in mean altitude, $19.2{\pm}8.7^{\circ}$ in mean slope in the northeastern and southeastern area of the slope direction, and $1,324,323{\pm}174,459wh\;m^{-2}$ in average of direct normal irradiation. Among the site environmental factors, the significant ones which influence the potential habitat for Abies holophylla distribution were chosen using the MaxEnt model. According to the results of this study, altitude and slope were found as the important factors. The average value of environmental conditions by ROC analysis were altitude 903.2 m, slope $20.04^{\circ}$, irradiation $1,352.248wh\;m^{-2}$, and the southeastern aspect.

수도암 사찰림의 주요 구성종인 전나무개체군에 대한 분포현황 및 연령구조분석이 이루어졌다. 총 302개체로 이루어진 남부지역 최대 규모의 개체군 분포로 확인되었으며, 흉고둘레 1.5~500.8 cm에 이르는 다양한 연령의 개체군 분포가 확인되었다. 수도암 전나무 개체군의 연령구조 분석결과 불안정한 호리병구조를 나타내며, 15~80 cm에 해당하는 비교적 어린 연령의 개체군에서 상대적으로 낮은 빈도의 출현을 보였다. 이들의 분포를 제한하는 요인으로 천이진행, 인위적 요인, 기후변화 등이 논의되었다. 또한 상대적으로 높은 빈도를 보이는 유령림(15 cm 이하)이 계곡 상부의 좁은 면적에 제한적으로 분포하고 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 전나무개체군의 보전을 위해 이들 지역에 대한 적극적 보호가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 수도암 전나무의 현존분포 환경요소 분석결과 평균해발고도 $931{\pm}64.5m$, 평균경사도 $19.2{\pm}8.7^{\circ}$, 사면방향 북동사면과 남동사면, 평균일조량 $1,324,323{\pm}174,459wh\;m^{-2}$ 등의 환경조건에서 높은 빈도로 출현하는 것으로 확인되었다. MaxEnt 모델을 이용하여 전나무 잠재생육공간이 도출되었다. 현존분포 결과는 연구지역이 독립적인 생육환경을 형성하고 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 해발고도와 경사도에서 높은 기여도를 보였다. 개체군과 기여도를 고려한 환경요인 분석결과 최적 잠재서식처 조건은 해발고도 903.2 m, 경사도 $20.04^{\circ}$, 연평균일조량 $1,352.248wh\;m^{-2}$, 남동사면($114.68^{\circ}$)인 것으로 확인되었다. 차후 개체군에 대한 발아제한요인 발굴, 종내 및 종간 경쟁 변화, 지화학적 요인과의 상관관계, 기후변화 및 사찰활동의 영향 등에 대한 후속연구가 연속되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 결과는 한국 대표경관 가운데 하나인 사찰림의 주요 구성종인 전나무의 생태와 생육지 환경, 보전 및 복원, 보호를 위한 보다 높은 이해와 의사 결정에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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