Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Physicochemical Composition and Fermentation Conditions of Sliced, Dried Radish Kimchi with Flying Fish Roe

날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치의 이화학적 성분 및 발효양상

  • Jang, Mi-Soon (Food and Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Park, Hee-Yeon (Food and Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Nam, Ki-Ho (Food and Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Min Jeong (Food and Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
  • 장미순 (국립수산과학원 식품안전과) ;
  • 박희연 (국립수산과학원 식품안전과) ;
  • 남기호 (국립수산과학원 식품안전과) ;
  • 김민정 (국립수산과학원 식품안전과)
  • Received : 2014.05.28
  • Accepted : 2014.07.06
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to compare the physicochemical composition and fermentation conditions of sliced, dried radish kimchi with flying fish roe (DFFR). The levels of crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash in DFFR were higher than those in sliced, dried radish kimchi without flying fish roe (control). DFFR also contained higher levels of Fe and Ca, compared to the control. The inosine monophosphate (IMP) content of DFFR and control was 5.63 and 2.64 mg/100 g, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acid and DHA contents in DFFR were approximately 5 and 23 times higher than those in the control, respectively. The major free amino acids contained in these samples were arginine, proline, alanine, leucine, and valine. The number of cells belonging to the Leuconostoc species in DFFR was higher than that in the control. In sensory evaluation studies, DFFR scored the highest in terms of appearance, flavor, taste, and texture.

날치알을 사용하여 무말랭이 김치를 제조하고 일반 무말랭이 김치와 일반성분, 무기질, 지방산, 핵산관련물질, 유리아미노산 함량 및 관능평가의 차이를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 또한, 35일간 저장하는 동안 일주일 간격으로 시료를 취하여 pH, 산도 및 젖산균의 변화를 측정하여 발효양상 비교 실험도 하였다. 일반 무말랭이 김치의 조단백질 및 조지방 함량은 각각 2.93% 및 0.16%이었고 날치알 무말랭이 김치의 경우는 각각 4.75% 및 0.36%로, 날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치에서 조단백질 및 조지방 함량이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 철 및 칼슘 함량의 경우도 날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치가 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 핵산 관련물질 중에서도 정미성분과 관련이 있는 AMP 및 IMP의 함량이 날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 날치알 무말랭이 김치의 지방산 분석 결과, 포화지방산과 단일불포화지방산의 함량은 일반 무말랭이 김치보다 낮았으나 고도불포화지방산 함량은 일반 무말랭이 김치보다 5배 이상 높은 함량을 보였다. 특히 DHA의 함량은 일반 무말랭이 김치보다 약 23배 이상 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 일반 무말랭이 김치와 날치알 무말랭이 김치의 주요 유리아미노산은 arginine, proline, alanine, leucine 및 valine 이었고, glutamic acid와 glycine 함량은 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 날치알 무말랭이 김치의 관능평가 결과에서 일반 무말랭이 김치보다 외관, 향미, 맛 및 질감 면에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 한편, 날치알 무말랭이 김치의 pH 및 산도의 변화를 보면, 레몬즙에 침지 처리한 날치알의 영향으로 인해 일반 무말랭이 김치보다 초기 pH는 낮고 초기 산도값은 높았으나, 저장 14일 이후부터는 동일한 발효양상을 보였다. Leconostoc sp. 및 Lactobacillus sp.의 경우는 저장 14일째에 최대값을 보인 후에 점차 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 본 연구결과에서 나타낸 것처럼, 날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치는 조단백질 및 무기질 함량이 일반 무말랭이 김치에 비해 높고, 날치알의 첨가가 지방산과 유리아미노산 조성 및 함량에도 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐 식품영양학적으로 우수한 무말랭이 김치를 제조할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 발효기간 동안 일반 무말랭이 김치와 동일한 발효양상을 나타내는 것으로 볼 때, 날치알을 첨가한 무말랭이 김치는 정상적인 발효가 진행됨을 예측할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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