Korean Journal of Remote Sensing (대한원격탐사학회지)

Korean Society of Remote Sensing (대한원격탐사학회)
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Analysis of Regional Antecedent Wetness Conditions Using Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture and Point Scale Rainfall Data

위성토양수분과 지점강우량을 이용한 지역 선행습윤조건 분석

  • Sunwoo, Wooyeon (Department of Water Resources, Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kim, Daeun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University) ;
  • Hwang, Seokhwan (Department of Water Resources, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Choi, Minha (Department of Water Resources, Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 선우우연 (성균관대학교 수자원전문대학원 수자원학과) ;
  • 김다은 (한양대학교 건설환경공학과) ;
  • 황석환 (건설기술연구원 수자원연구실) ;
  • 최민하 (성균관대학교 수자원전문대학원 수자원학과)
  • Received : 2014.09.04
  • Accepted : 2014.10.10
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

Soil moisture is one of the most important interests in hydrological response and the interaction between the land surface and atmosphere. Estimation of Antecedent Wetness Conditions (AWC) which is soil moisture condition prior to a rainfall in the basin should be considered for rainfall-runoff prediction. In this study, Soil Wetness Index (SWI), Antecedent Precipitation Index ($API_5$), remotely sensed Soil Moisture ($SM_{rs}$), and 5 days ground Soil Moisture ($SM_{g5}$) were selected to estimate the AWC at four study area in the Korean Peninsula. The remotely sensed soil moisture data were taken from the AMSR-E soil moisture archive. The maximum potential retention ($S_{obs}$) was obtained from direct runoff and rainfall using Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method by rainfall data of 2011 for each study area. Results showed the great correlations between the maximum potential retention and SWI with a mean correlation coefficient which is equal to -0.73. The results of time length representing the time scale of soil moisture showed a gap from region to region. It was due to the differences of soil types and the characteristics of study area. Since the remotely sensed soil moisture has been proved as reasonable hydrological variables to predict a wetness in the basin, it should be continuously monitored.

토양수분의 시공간적 변동성은 유역의 수문학적인 반응과 지표 대기간의 상호작용에서 중요한 관심사로 특히, 강우유출 예측 시 유역의 강우사상에서 사전 토양수분 상태 즉, 선행습윤조건(antecedent wetness conditions, AWC)이 고려되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 선행습윤조건을 알아보기 위한 지표로 토양 습윤지수(SWI), 5일 선행강우지수($API_5$), 위성토양수분($SM_{rs}$), 5일 지점토양수분($SM_{g5}$)을 선정하여 한반도 4개 지점에 대한 선행수분조건을 파악하였다. 토양수분 자료는 AMSR-E로 관측된 자료를 활용하였으며, 이에 따라 각 지역별로 2011년의 강우사상을 선택하여 Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN)법과 강우량을 활용하여 직접유출고와 최대잠재보유량을 산정하였다. 이를 토양의 습윤상태를 나타내는 4개 지표와의 관계를 살펴본 결과 최대잠재보유량과 SWI가 평균 -0.73의 높은 상관계수를 보였다. 또한 토양수분의 시간적 변동성을 나타내는 time length를 산정한 결과 지역 별로 상이하게 나타났으며 이는 연구지역 및 토양 특성을 반영한 것으로 판단된다. 추후 관측된 토양수분이 지표의 습윤상태를 예측하는데 정량적인 정보를 제공할 수 있으므로 이에 대한 지속적인 모니터링 및 분석이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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