Journal of Korean Medical Science

Korean Acad Medical Sciences (대한의학회)
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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Korean Population: Results of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • Lee, Jeong-Ok (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Ju Hyun (Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Ahn, Soyeon (Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Jin Won (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chang, Hyun (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yu Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Keun-Wook (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jee Hyun (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Bang, Soo-Mee (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jong Seok (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2013.08.01
  • Accepted : 2013.11.14
  • Published : 2014.02.10
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Abstract

This study assessed the prevalence of, and risk factors for, iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among participants of the fifth Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010. Of 8,958 participants, 6,758 individuals ${\geq}10yr$ had sufficient data for the analysis of anemia and iron status. ID was defined as a transferrin saturation < 10% or serum ferritin $&lt;15{\mu}g/L$. The prevalence of ID and IDA was 2.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3%-2.6%) and 0.7% (95% CI, 0.3%-1.0%), respectively, in males, and 22.4% (95% CI, 20.7%-24.2%) and 8.0% (95% CI, 6.8%-9.2%), respectively, in females. In reproductive age females, the prevalence of ID and IDA was 31.4% (95% CI, 28.9%-33.8%) and 11.5% (95% CI, 9.6%-13.4%), respectively. Compared to the prevalence of IDA in adult males 18-49 yr, the relative risks of IDA in adults ${\geq}65yr$, lactating females, premenopausal females, and pregnant females were 8.1, 35.7, 42.8, and 95.5, respectively. Low income, underweight, iron- or vitamin C-poor diets were also associated with IDA. For populations with defined risk factors in terms of age, gender, physiological state and socioeconomic and nutritional status, national health policy to reduce IDA is needed.

Keywords

References

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