Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research (한방비만학회지)

The Society of Korean Medicine for obesity Research (한방비만학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Gami-Cheongpyesagan-Tang on Body Fat in High Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice

가미청폐사간탕(加味淸肺瀉肝湯)이 고지방식이 비만생쥐의 체지방에 미치는 영향

  • Keum, Seon-Oh (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Lee, Ha-Il (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Ha (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Yoon, Yong-Il (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kwon, Young-Mi (Department of Radiology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Song, Yung-Sun (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University)
  • 금선오 (원광대학교 한의과대학 한방재활의학교실) ;
  • 이하일 (원광대학교 한의과대학 한방재활의학교실) ;
  • 이종하 (원광대학교 한의과대학 한방재활의학교실) ;
  • 윤용일 (원광대학교 한의과대학 한방재활의학교실) ;
  • 권영미 (원광대학교 한의과대학 영상의학과) ;
  • 송용선 (원광대학교 한의과대학 한방재활의학교실)
  • Received : 2015.10.07
  • Accepted : 2015.11.30
  • Published : 2015.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effect of Gami-cheongpyesagan-tang extract (GCST) on high fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Methods: The mice were divided into six groups; normal diet control, high fat diet control (HFD), HFD+GCST administrated group (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) and olistat-admistrated group. Obesity was induced by high fat diet (45%) for 7 weeks in mice, and GCST was administrated orally every day for 7 weeks. The body weight, food intake, and serological markers such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipid contents, leptin, adiponectin and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase were measured in mice. The mRNA expression of obese-associating genes such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CaP desaturase (SCD-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $(PPAR)-{\alpha}$, COA oxidase (ACO), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase ($CPT-1{\alpha}$) was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: The administration of GCST at 400 mg/kg, significantly reduced the increase of body weight and food intake as well as food efficiency compared to HFD group. GCST decreased the serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, leptin in HFD control group and inhibited lipid accumulation in liver and adipose tissues, but did not increase high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In the liver tissues of GCST administrated HFD group, the mRNA levels of SREBP-1c, FAS and SCD-1 were decreased and the mRNA levels of $PPAR-{\alpha}$, ACO, and $CPT-1{\alpha}$ were increased. Conclusions: These results indicate that GCST could improve high fat diet induced obesity through inhibiting the hyperlipidemia in fatty Liver. It suggest that GCST may be used clinically for declining the accumultion of body fat with hyperlipidemia.

Keywords

References

  1. Min HG. Clinical endocrinology. Seoul : Korea medicine. 1990 : 475-87.
  2. Wilson JD, Daniel MD, Foster W, Willliams MD. Textbook of endocrinology. 7th ed. Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders Company. 1985 : 1081-98.
  3. Bjorntorp P. The associations between obesity, adipose tissue distribution and disease. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1988 ; 723 : 121-34.
  4. Visscher TL. The public health impact of obesity. Annu Rev Pub Health. 2001 ; 22 : 355-75. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.22.1.355
  5. Lee HK. Diseases associated with obesity. J Nut Health. 1990 ; 23(5) : 341-6.
  6. Yang KM. Relationship between the assessment of obesity and cardiovascular diseases. JKFN. 2002 ; 7(2) : 1-8.
  7. Yoon YS, Keum OS, Lee WS, Kim IH, Lee HI, Yong YS. Effects of Cheongshimyeonja-tang on body weight and serum lipid levels in high fat diet induced obese mice. Herb Formula Sci. 2014 ; 22(1) : 123-39. https://doi.org/10.14374/HFS.2014.22.1.123
  8. The Society of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation. Korean medicine rehabilitation. 4th ed. Seoul : Koonja Publishing Inc. 2015 : 298-317.
  9. Kim HG, Keum BT. The bibliographical study on causes, mechanisms and the chief virtues on obesity. J Daejeon Orient Med Coll. 1992 ; 1(2) : 61-71.
  10. Hwang MY, Kim WH. The study of oriental pothological physiology on obesity. J Daegu Orient Med Coll East West Med. 1984 ; 8(3) : 77-83.
  11. Heo SY, Kang HS. The study and treatment of East-West medicine on obesity. J Orient Rehab Med. 1997 ; 7(1) : 272-83.
  12. Song YS, Lee MJ, Jeong SH, Lee JS, Kim SS, Shin HD. Effects of Bangkihwangkitang, Bangkihwangkitang with Lycii fructus and Lycii fructus on the weight of obese rats. J Orient Rehab Med. 1991 ; 1(1) : 25-43.
  13. Lee ES, Kim SS, Jeong SH, Lee JS, Shin HD. Effects of Bangkihwangkitang on adipose tissue of liver and epididymis and serum lipid. J Orient Rehab Med. 1995 ; 5(1) : 1-10.
  14. Hwang MJ, Shin HS, Song MY. Review of literature on herbal medicines for the treatment of obesity in Korea: mainly papers since 2000. Orient Rehab Med. 2006 ; 16(3) : 65-81.
  15. Won JS. Dongeuisasangshinpyeon. Seoul : Jonghapeuiwonsa. 1974 : 66-7.
  16. Lee JM. Dongeuisusebowon. Seoul : Henglim Publishing Inc. 1986 : 7-13, 115, 137-8.
  17. Ahn HM, Han SY, Kim JH, Rho TW, Chong MS, Kim YK. Effects of Cheongpyesagan-tang and YKK012 on in vitro and in vivo colon cancercell growth with and without CPT-11. Kor J Herbol. 2015 ; 30(1) : 33-43. https://doi.org/10.6116/KJH.2015.30.1.33.
  18. Park YJ, Kim SJ, Yang GE, Lee MJ, Lee JS, Kang DH, et al. Anti-platelet aggregation effect of Cheongpyesagan-tang in vitro. Korean J Orient Int Med. 2010 ; 31(4) : 714-21.
  19. Choi DJ, Jung WS, Moon SK, Cho KH, Kim YS, Bae HS. The clinical efficacy of Chungpyesagan-tang on acute stroke. J Korean Orient Med. 2002 ; 23(4) : 9-14.
  20. Hong SG, Joo KB, Jin KY, Mo KS, Wuk CD. Protective effects of Chungpesagan-tang against ischemia/reperfusion induced cell injury. Korea Inst Orient Med. 2000 ; 54(1) : 111-7.
  21. Jeong CG, Kim EY, Shin JW, Sohn YJ, Lee HS, Jung HS, et al. Effect of Chungpaesagan-tang on ischemic damage induced by middle cerebralartery occlusion in diabetic rats. J Korean Orient Med. 2005 ; 26(2) : 217-30.
  22. Kim JY, Shin MR, Heo WY, Kim DR, Weon JJ. The effects of Chungpyesagan-tang on the recovery of liver function in rat injured by $CCl_4$. J Sasang Const Med. 2005 ; 17(1) : 130-41.
  23. Kim DL, Song YB. An experimental study of the effect by Chongshimyonjatang and Chongpyesagantang on immune response and anti-allergic reaction to rats and mice. J KyungHee Orient Med Coll. 1991 ; 14 : 131-60.
  24. Koo JS. Effects of Chungpyesagantang on the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. J Korean Orient Pediatr. 1997 ; 11(1) : 227-48.
  25. Song MY, Kim SS, Shin HD. The clinical study about the effect of Chugpaesagan-tang and Taeumjoui-tang on Taeumin obesity after fasting therapy. J Orient Rehab Med. 1998 ; 8(1) : 34-56.
  26. Kim EY, Sul YK, Choi JJ, Jeon SH, Kim H, Kim JW. Effect of Cheongpesagan-tang on the change of inhibitory effect against lipase activity and weight loss, plasma and UCP1, 2mRNA expression in db/db mouse. J Sasang Const Med. 2007 ; 19(1) : 171-85.
  27. Bae JH, Lee JS, Chung SH, Kim SS, Shin HD. Effect of Cheongpesagan-tang on the changes of the weight, plasma and UCP mRNA expression in obese SD rats induced high fat feed. J Orient Rehabil Med. 2002 ; 12(1) : 133-56.
  28. Huh SY, Kang HS. Experimental study on the effect of Chungpesagantang in obese rats. Orient Rehab Med. 1998 ; 8(2) : 106-18.
  29. Hwang JH, Jang ES, Yoo JH, Lee SW. Clinical study on the utilization of Yeoldahanso-tang and Cheongpyesagan-tang. Korean Inst Orient Med. 2008 ; 14(2) : 101-6.
  30. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipid from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1975 ; 226 : 497-509.
  31. Frings CS, Dunn RT. A colorimetric method for determination of total serum lipids based on the sulfo- phospho-vanillin reaction. Am J Clin Pathol. 1970 ; 53 : 89-91. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/53.1.89
  32. Kim KS, Park SW. Drug therapy for obesity. Korean J Obes. 2012 ; 21(4) : 197-202. https://doi.org/10.7570/kjo.2012.21.4.197
  33. Kim SG, An GH, Yoon SW, Lee YC, Ha SD. A study on dietary supplement to reduce obesity by the mechanism of decreasing lipid and carbohydrate absorption. Korean J Food Sci Technol. 2003 ; 35(3) : 519-26.
  34. Jin KS. Analysis of the tendency to research for obesity. MS Thesis. Daejeon: Graduate School of Daejeon University. 2004.
  35. Gang SA, Jang GH, Park SG, Lim JP, Jeon H, Choi H, et al. Effects of herbal compositionon obese a high fat diet. Kor J Herbol. 2003 ; 18(4) : 59-64.
  36. Park WH, Yun YC, Yun KS, Park TY, Kim HJ, Won SC, et al. Review on the study of oriental obesity pattern identification: focused on Korean research papers. J Orient Rehabil Med. 2014 ; 24(2) : 84-93.
  37. Kang SA, Jang KH, Park SK, Lim JP, Jeon H, Cui X, et al. Effects of herbal composition on obese rats fed high diet. Kor J Herbol. 2003 ; 18 : 59-64.
  38. Shin MG. Herbal medicine. Seoul : Younglim Publishing. 2006 : 322, 341, 352, 400-1, 582-3, 720-1, 724, 749, 785.
  39. Moon SH, Sin SH, Kim HJ, Kim JY. A relationshipof the obesity and body composition analysisby Sasang constitution. J Orient Rehabil Med. 2002 ; 12(4) : 1-10.
  40. Jeong BS, Shin MG. Dohaehyangyak unabridged dictionary. Seoul : Younglim Publishing. 1990 : 116-9.
  41. Song YK, Lim HH. Clinical application of ma huang in the obesity treatment. J Soc Kor Med Obe Res. 2007 : 7(1) : 1-7.
  42. Kim KS, Lee DU, Kim YL, Hwang MJ, Kim GW, Koo BS. Anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Taeyeumjoweetang and its modified prescription. 2007 ; 9(1) : 57-74.
  43. Lee GN, Kwon OH. The clinical pathology file. The 3rd ed. Seoul : Uihakmunhwasa. 2000 : 155-99.
  44. Tomkin GH. Atherosclerosis, diabetes and lipoproteins. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2010 ; 8 : 1015-29. https://doi.org/10.1586/erc.10.45
  45. Avram AS, Avram MM, James WD. Subcutanous fat in normal and diseased status: 2. Anatomy and physiology of white and brown adipose tissue. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 ; 53 : 671-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.015
  46. Xu H, Barnes GT, Yang Q, Tan G, Yang D, Chou CJ, et al. Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2003 ; 112(12) : 1821-30. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI200319451
  47. Ahima RS, Flier JS. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2000 ; 11 : 327-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00301-5
  48. Weyer C, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, Hotta K, Matsuzawa Y, Pratley RE, et al. Hypoadiponectinemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes: close association with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 ; 86 : 1930-5. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.5.7463
  49. Lindsay RS, Funahashi T, Hanson RL, Matsuzawa Y, Tanaka S, Tataranni PA, et al. Adiponectin and development of type 2 diabetes in the Pima Indian population. Lancet. 2002 ; 360 : 57-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09335-2
  50. Fasshauer M, Paschke R. Regulation of adipokines and insulin resistance. Diabetologia. 2003 ; 46 : 1594-603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-003-1228-z
  51. Diamond FB Jr, Cuthbertson D, Hanna S, Eichler D. Correlates of adiponectin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio in obese and non-obese children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2004 ; 17 : 1069-75.
  52. Satoh N, Naruse M, Usui T, Tagami T, Suganami T, Yamada K, et al. Leptin-to-adiponectin ratio as a potential atherogenic index in obese type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2004 ; 27 : 2488-90. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.10.2488
  53. Darlington GJ, Ross SE, MacDougald OA. The role of C/EBP genes in adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem. 1998 ; 273 : 30057-60. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.46.30057
  54. Schoonjans K, Peinado-Onsurbe J, Lefebvre AM, Heyman RA, Briggs M, Deeb S, et al. PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators direct a distinct tissue-specific transcriptional response via a PPRE in the lipoprotein lipase gene. EMBO J. 1996 ; 15 : 5336-48 .
  55. Horton JD, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. SREBPs: activators of the complete program of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in the liver. J Clin Invest. 2002 ; 109 : 1125-31. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI0215593
  56. Nepokroeff CM, Lakshmanan MR, Porter JW. Fatty acid synthase from rat liver. Methods Enzymol. 1975 ; 35 : 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(75)35136-7
  57. Cameron PJ, Rogers M, Oman J, May SG, Lunt DK, Smith SB. Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity and mRNA levels are not different in subcutaneous adipose tissue from angus and American wagyu steers. J Anim Sci. 1994 ; 72 : 2624-8. https://doi.org/10.2527/1994.72102624x
  58. Maeda N, Takahashi M, Funahashi T, Kihara S, Nishizawa H, Kishida K, et al. PPARgamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes. 2001 ; 50 : 2094-99. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.50.9.2094
  59. Combs TP, Wagner JA, Berger J, Doebber T, Wang WJ, Zhang BB, et al. Induction of adipocyte complement-related protein of 30kilodaltons by PPARgamma agonists: a potential mechanism of insulin sensitization. Endocrionology. 2002 ; 143 : 998-1007. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.143.3.8662
  60. Berg AH, Combs TP, Du X, Brownlee M, Scherer PE. The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action. Nat Med. 2001 ; 7 : 947-53. https://doi.org/10.1038/90992
  61. Fruebis J, Tsao TS, Javorschi S, Ebbets-Reed D, Erickson MR, Yen FT, et al. Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 ; 98 : 2005-10. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.4.2005
  62. Huang J, Jia Y, Fu T, Viswakarma N, Bai L, Rao MS, et al. Sustained activation of $PPAR{\alpha}$ by endogenous ligands increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation and prevents obesity in ob/ob mice. FASEB J. 2012 ; 26(2) : 628-38. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.11-194019

Cited by

  1. 동물실험에서 한약제재 경구투여가 비만에 미치는 영향에 대한 국내 연구보고 고찰 - 2010년 이후 발표된 논문을 중심으로 vol.27, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.18325/jkmr.2017.27.3.13
  2. 고지방식이 유도 비만생쥐에 대한 영계출감탕(苓桂朮甘湯) 가(加) 황기(黃芪)의 항비만 효과 vol.28, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.18325/jkmr.2018.28.2.1
  3. 최근 10년간 한방비만학회지의 연구동향 분석: 2010-2019년 한방비만학회지 게재논문을 중심으로 vol.20, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2020.20.2.149