Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Factors Influencing Posttraumatic Growth in Fathers of Chronically ill Children

만성질환아 아버지의 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • Received : 2015.06.04
  • Accepted : 2015.09.15
  • Published : 2015.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of distress and posttraumatic growth in fathers of chronically ill children and also, to identify the relation between characteristics of the fathers and children and their posttraumatic growth and to investigate factors that influence posttraumatic growth. Methods: In this study, 48 fathers who visited a university hospital in Seoul, Korea and who gave written consent completed the questionnaire between September 23 and November 19, 2013. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The level of distress in fathers of chronically ill children was relatively high and the majority of them were experiencing posttraumatic growth. Models including the variable (deliberate rumination, religiousness, optimism) explained 64.3% (F=26.38, p <.001) of the variance for posttraumatic growth. Deliberate rumination (${\beta}=.59$, p <.001) was the most influential factor. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that it is essential for nurses to intervene and facilitate continuously so as to promote posttraumatic growth and relieve distress in fathers of chronically ill children. Furthermore, it is also necessary for nurses to find ways to develop ideal interventions to activate deliberate rumination and offer spiritual care and help maintain optimism in these individuals.

Keywords

References

  1. Han KJ, Kwon MK, Bang KS. Parent-child health and nursing. Seoul: Hyunmoon; 2010.
  2. Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG. The foundation of posttraumatic growth: An expanded framework. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG, editors. Handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2006. p.3-23.
  3. Kim Y, Schulz R, Carver CS. Benefit-finding in the cancer caregiving experience. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2007;69(3):283-291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3180417cf4
  4. Cho YK. The change of social structure and fathering in South Korea. Korean Journal of Converging Humanities. 2014;2(1):83-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14729/converging.k.2014.2.1.83
  5. Dashiff C, Morrison S, Rowe J. Fathers of children and adolescents with diabetes: What do we know? Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2008;23(2):101-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2007.08.007
  6. Kim J, Yun HJ. A study on the parenting experiences of fathers of children with disabilities. Special Education Research. 2013;12(3): 333-356. https://doi.org/10.18541/ser.2013.10.12.3.333
  7. Hwang EJ. Experience of fathers raising children with disabilities: Conflicts, difficulties and positive changes [master's thesis]. Seoul: Chung Ang University; 2014.
  8. Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG. The posttraumatic growth inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 1996;9(3):455-471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490090305
  9. Linley PA, Joseph S. Positive change following trauma and adversity: A review. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2004;17(1):11-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOTS.0000014671.27856.7e
  10. Antoni MH, Lehman JM, Kilbourn KM, Boyers AE, Culver JL, Alferi SM, et al. Cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention decreases the prevalence of depression and enhances benefit finding among women under treatment for early-stage breast cancer. Health Psychology. 2001;20(1):20-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.20.1.20
  11. Cann A, Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG, Kilmer RP, Gil-Rivas V, Vishnevsky T, et al. The core beliefs inventory: A brief measure of disruption in the assumptive world. Anxiety Stress and Coping. 2010;23(1):19-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615800802573013
  12. Thornton AA, Perez MA. Posttraumatic growth in prostate cancer survivors and their partners. Psycho-Oncology. 2006;15(4):285-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.953
  13. Hungerbuehler I, Vollrath ME, Landolt MA. Posttraumatic growth in mothers and fathers of children with severe illnesses. Journal of Health Psychology. 2011;16(8):1259-1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105311405872
  14. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/brm.41.4.1149
  15. Song SH, Lee HS, Park JH, Kim KH. Validity and reliability of the Korean version of the posttraumatic growth inventory. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2009;14(1):193-214. https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2009.14.1.012
  16. Scheier MF, Carver CS, Bridges MW. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the life orientation test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1994;67(6):1063-1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063
  17. Shin H. Testing the mediating effect of coping in the relation of optimism and pessimism to psychological adjustment in adolescents. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2005;12(3):165-192.
  18. Jo SM. The causal relationship of cognitive factors, social support and resilience on youth's posttraumatic growth [master's thesis]. Busan: Pusan National University; 2012.
  19. Cann A, Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG, Triplett KN, Vishnevsky T, Lindstrom CM. Assessing posttraumatic cognitive processes: The event related rumination inventory. Anxiety Stress and Coping. 2011;24(2):137-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2010.529901
  20. Ahn HN, Joo HS, Min JW, Sim KS. Validation of the event related rumination inventory in a Korean population. Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Korea. 2013;13(1):149-172.
  21. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1988;52(1):30-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
  22. Shin JS, Lee YB. The effects of social supports on psychosocial well-being of the unemployed. Korean Journal of Social Welfare. 1999;37:241-269.
  23. Polatinsky S, Esprey Y. An assessment of gender differences in the perception of benefit resulting from the loss of a child. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2000;13(4):709-718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1007870419116
  24. Vishnevsky T, Cann A, Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG, Demakis GJ. Gender differences in self-reported posttraumatic growth: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 2010;34(1):110-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2009.01546.x
  25. Yi GO, Han SH, Park HJ. Changes and growth among families of children with disabilities: Based on child-rearing experiences of mothers and fathers. Journal of Emotional & Behavioral Disorders. 2010;26(4):137-163.
  26. Bonner MJ, Hardy KK, Willard VW, Hutchinson KC. Brief report: Psychosocial functioning of fathers as primary caregivers of pediatric oncology patients. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2007;32 (7):851-856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsm011
  27. Davies B, Gudmundsdottir M, Worden B, Orloff S, Sumner L, Brenner P. "Living in the dragon's shadow" fathers' experiences of a child's life-limiting illness. Death Studies. 2004;28(2):111-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07481180490254501
  28. Shin SY, Chung NW. The effect of meaning in life and social support on posttraumatic growth: Rumination as a mediating variable. Journal of Human Understanding and Counseling. 2012;33(2):217-235.
  29. Park H, Ahn H. The effects of posttraumatic stress symptoms, spirituality, and rumination on posttraumatic growth. The Korea Journal of Counseling. 2006;7(1):201-214.
  30. Yoo YS, Cho OH, Cha KS, Boo YJ. Factors influencing post-traumatic stress in Korean forensic science investigators. Asian Nursing Research. 2013;7(3):136-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.07.002

Cited by

  1. The Relationship between Post-Traumatic Growth, Trauma Experience and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Nurses vol.26, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2018.26.1.31
  2. 영유아기 외상사고에 대한 부모대처: Q 방법론적 접근 vol.48, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.335
  3. 중심성의 이동: 치매 환자 가족의 돌봄 경험에 대한 질적 합성 접근 vol.48, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.601
  4. 신생아집중치료실에 입원 경험이 있는 미숙아 어머니의 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인 vol.26, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2020.26.2.267