Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seasonal changes in soil acidity and related properties in ginseng artificial bed soils under a plastic shade

  • You, Jiangfeng (Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University) ;
  • Liu, Xing (Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University) ;
  • Zhang, Bo (Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University) ;
  • Xie, Zhongkai (Soil and fertilizer Institution of Tonghua) ;
  • Hou, Zhiguang (College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University) ;
  • Yang, Zhenming (Agriculture Ecology and Environment Laboratory, College of Plant Science, Jilin University)
  • Received : 2014.02.15
  • Accepted : 2014.07.18
  • Published : 2015.01.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: In Changbai Mountains, Panax ginseng (ginseng) was cultivated in a mixture of the humus and albic horizons of albic luvisol in a raised garden with plastic shade. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ginseng planting on soil characteristics. Methods: The mixed-bed soils were seasonally collected at intervals of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm for different-aged ginsengs. Soil physico-chemical characteristics were studied using general methods. Aluminum was extracted from the soil solids with $NH_4Cl $(exchangeable Al) and Na-pyrophosphate (organic Al) and was measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: A remarkable decrease in the pH, concentrations of exchangeable calcium, $NH_4^+$, total organic carbon (TOC), and organic Al, as well as a pronounced increase in the bulk density were observed in the different-aged ginseng soils from one spring to the next. The decrease in pH in the ginseng soils was positively correlated with the $NH_4^+$ (r=0.463, p<0.01), exchangeable calcium (r=0.325, p<0.01) and TOC (r= 0.292, p < 0.05) concentrations. The $NO_3^-$ showed remarkable surface accumulation (0-5 cm) in the summer and even more in the autumn but declined considerably the next spring. The exchangeable Al fluctuated from $0.10mg\;g^{-1}$ to $0.50mg\;g^{-1}$ for dry soils, which was positively correlated with the $NO_3^-$ (r=0.401, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with the TOC (r=-0.329, p < 0.05). The Al saturation varied from 10% to 41% and was higher in the summer and autumn, especially in the 0-5 cmand 5-10 cm layers. Conclusion: Taken together, our study revealed a seasonal shift in soil characteristics in ginseng beds with plastic shade.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Natural Science Foundation of China, International Foundation for Science

References

  1. Dou S, Zhang JJ, Jiang Y, Sun JG. Effect of ginseng cultivation on chemical properties of soil. J Jilin Agricultural Uni 1996;18:67-73 [In Chinese].
  2. Han D, Lai J, Yang JX. The research process of old ginseng soils problem. Renshen Yanjiu 1998;2:2-5 [In Chinese].
  3. Huang CH, Li FY, Guo J. Ginseng continuous cropping soil chemical element analysis. Spec Wild Econ Ani Plant Res 1996;1:50 [In Chinese].
  4. Xie ZK, Xu HL. The study on ginseng continuous cropping in Changbai mountain area - the report on ginseng soil acidification. Renshen YanJiu 1996;2:31-4 [In Chinese].
  5. Zhao YF, Liu JF, Li XM, Guo J. The protection reaction of Panax ginseng to ion and aluminium environment. Spec Wild Econ Ani Plant Res 1999;21:1-4 [In Chinese].
  6. Zhao YF. Jilin province Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius L disease occurring and protection problem and work advice. Spec Wild Econ Ani Plant Res 1995;4:45-6 [In Chinese].
  7. He CN, Gao WW, Yang JX, Bi W, Zhang XS, Zhao YJ. Identification of autotoxic compounds from fibrous roots of Panax quinquefolium L. Plant and Soil 2009;318:63-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9817-8
  8. Jilin Province Soil and Fertilizer Department. Jilin soils. Beijing: Chinese Agriculture Publisher; 1990 [In Chinese].
  9. Zhao YF, Li XM. On the damage of $Al^{3+}$ in soils to ginseng. Spec Wild Econ Ani Plant Res 1998;3:38-42 [In Chinese].
  10. Konsler TR, Shelton JE. Lime and phosphorus effects on American ginseng: I. Growth, soil fertility, and root tissue nutrient status response. JASHS 1990;115:570-4.
  11. Liu ZR, Guo SW, Wang YP, Suo BH, Zhang P, Zhao XS, Sun YZ. Ren Shen Ying Yang Yu Shi Fei Ji Ren Shen Qu Xiang Shi Fei Mo Xing De Yan Jiu. Beijing: Chinese Agricultural Publisher; 2012. p. 180-2 [In Chinese].
  12. Yang DC, Kim YH, Yun KY, Lee SS, Kwon JN, Kang HM. Red-colored phenomena of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer): root and soil environment. J Ginseng Sci 1997;21:91-7 [In Chinese].
  13. Yang X, Xu M. Biodiversity conservation in Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, northeastern China: status, problem, and strategy. Biodivers Conserv 2003;12:883-903 [In Chinese]. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022841107685
  14. Norman RJ, Edberg JC, Stucki JW. Determination of nitrate in soil extracts by Dual-wavelength ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Soil Sci Soc Am J 1985;49: 1182-5. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900050022x
  15. Kamprath EJ. Exchangeable aluminium as a criterion for liming leached mineral soils. Soil Sci Soc Am P 1970;34:252-4. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1970.03615995003400020022x
  16. Buurman P, Lagen VB, Velthorst EJ. Manual for soil and water analysis. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers; 1996. p. 314.
  17. Tang QY, Zhang CX. Data processing system (DPS) software with experimental design, statistical analysis and data mining developed for use in entomological research. Insect Sci 2012;20:254-60.
  18. Jia SG, Wang SP, Dou S. Cultivating ginseng affecting chemical properties of bed soil. J Jilin Agricultural Uni 1992;14:42-6 [In Chinese].
  19. Fujii K, Funakawa S, Hayakawa C, Kosaki TS. Quantification of proton budgets in soils of cropland and adjacent forest in Thailand and Indonesia. Plant Soil 2009;316:241-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9776-0
  20. Marschner H, Haussling M, George E. Ammonium and nitrate uptake rates and rhizosphere pH in non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. Trees 1991;5:14-21.
  21. Corbin J. A study of American ginseng in Western North Carolina and East Tennessee. North Carolina Department of Agriculture Report. North Carolina: Department of Agriculture; 1997.
  22. Nadeau I, Simard RR, Olivier A. The impact of lime and organic fertilization on the growth of wild-simulated American ginseng. Can J Plant Sci 2003;83:603-9. https://doi.org/10.4141/P02-044
  23. Beyfuss RL. Soil nutrient characteristics of wild ginseng populations in New York, New Jersey, Maine and Tennessee. In: Beyfuss RL, editor. Proceedings of American Ginseng Production in the 21st Century. Cairo NY: Cornell Cooperative Extension of Greene County; 2000. p. 105-14.
  24. Beyfuss RL. Ginseng soil characterization and ecology study. Cairo, NY: Cornell Cooperative Extension Report; 1997.
  25. Kochian LV, Pineros MA, Hoekenga OA. The physiology, genetics and molecular biology of plant aluminum resistance and toxicity. Plant Soil 2005;274: 175-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-1158-7
  26. Drabek O, Boruvka L, Mladkova L, Kocarek M. Possible method of aluminium speciation in forest soils. J Inorganic Biochem 2003;97:8-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0162-0134(03)00259-9
  27. Umemura T, Usami Y, Aizawa SI, Tsunoda KI, Satake KI. Seasonal change in the level and the chemical forms of aluminum in soil solution under a Japanese cedar forest. Sci Total Environ 2003;317:149-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00364-4
  28. Ohte N, Mitchell MJ, Shibata H, Tokuchi N, Toda H, Iwatsubo G. Comparative evaluation on nitrogen saturation of forest catchments in Japan and northeastern United States. Water Air Soil Pol 2001;130:649-54. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013804728336
  29. Sollins P, Homann P, Caldwell BA. Stabilization and destabilization of soil organic matter: mechanisms and controls. Geoderma 1996;74:65-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(96)00036-5
  30. Olivier A, Nadeau I, Ouzennou H, Dzaringa JP. Growth of eight-year-old American ginseng in a red maple forest as influenced by lime and organic fertilizer application. AFTA Conference Proceedings 2005:1-10.
  31. Mobiea FA, Mateo ME. Necesidades de cal para praderas enterrenos "a monte". I. Su relacion con el aluminion cambiable ensuelos sobre granitos y pizarras de Galicia. Anal INIA 1984;25:129-43 [In Portuguese].

Cited by

  1. Sphingomonas panaciterrae sp. nov., a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field vol.197, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-015-1134-z
  2. Different chilling stresses stimulated the accumulation of different types of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng cells vol.38, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2210-y
  3. Comparative characterization of aluminum responsive transcriptome in Arabidopsis roots: comparison with other rhizotoxic ions at different stress intensities vol.64, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2018.1454253
  4. Effects of maize rotation on the physicochemical properties and microbial communities of American ginseng cultivated soil vol.9, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44530-7
  5. Different Age-Induced Changes in Rhizosphere Microbial Composition and Function of Panax ginseng in Transplantation Mode vol.11, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.563240
  6. Changes in the Leaf Physiological Characteristics and Tissue-Specific Distribution of Ginsenosides in Panax ginseng During Flowering Stage Under Cold Stress vol.9, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.637324
  7. Changes in physicochemical properties, enzymatic activities, and the microbial community of soil significantly influence the continuous cropping of Panax quinquefolius L. (American ginseng) vol.463, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04911-2
  8. Impacts of replanting American ginseng on fungal assembly and abundance in response to disease outbreaks vol.203, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02196-8
  9. The history, etiology, and management of ginseng replant disease: a Canadian perspective in review vol.101, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2021-0106