DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prevalence and Management of Dyslipidemia Among Korean Adults: KNHANES 2010-2012

한국 성인의 이상지질혈증 유병률과 관리: 국민건강영양조사 2010-2012

  • 장성옥 (한국건강관리협회) ;
  • 이종석 (한림대학교 경영학부, 한림경영연구소)
  • Received : 2015.10.26
  • Accepted : 2015.11.06
  • Published : 2015.11.30

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Although the prevalence among Korean adults is very high, its management is known to be poor. The aim of this study was to access the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia according to treatment guideline rather than diagnostic criteria. The risk factors for cardio-cerebrovascular disease were evaluated to apply the appropriate risk-based threshold of the lipid treatment targets according to risk category. Analysis was done using nationally representative data (n = 16,263) collected from adults aged 20 years and older participating the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANS) 2010-2012. The age-standardized prevalence rate of dyslipidemia according to treatment criteria was 34.1%. Of these prevalent cases, however, only 19.2% were aware; 9.5% treated; and 8.7% controlled. The age-standardized control rate among treated persons was 47.5%. Men had a significantly higher prevalence than women (39.7% vs. 28.8%), but a significantly lower rate of awareness, treatment, and control (16.0% vs. 22.3%, 7.7% vs. 11.3%, and 6.1% vs. 11.2%, respectively). As the higher risk category, the prevalence rate was higher but the control rate was lower. The prevalence of patients with diabetes was 82.5% when applying the treatment criteria (LDL-cholesterol level of ${\geq}100mg/dL$ and triglyceride level of ${\geq}200mg/dL$). However, only 11.9 % of these were controlled, whose LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were lower than the treatment goals. Our findings suggest that effective strategies are required to decrease the gap between the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the following treatment. It would be worthwhile to strengthen the follow-up management of patients with dyslipidemia in the National Health Screening Program, especially in the high risk group of cardio-cerebrovascular disease.

이상지질혈증은 심뇌혈관질환의 주된 위험인자로서, 한국 성인의 유병률은 매우 높지만 관리가 미흡하다는 문제점이 제기되어 왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 이상지질혈증의 진단기준이 아닌, 이의 관리를 위한 치료기준에 따라 한국 성인의 유병률, 인지율, 치료율, 그리고 조절률을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 심뇌혈관질환 위험요인과 수준을 평가하여, 위험군 범주에 따라 차등적인 치료목표치를 적용하였다. 표본은 국민건강영양조사 3개년(2010년-2012년)의 공개된 자료에서 추출되었고, 만 20세 이상의 성인 16,236명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 치료기준에 따른 이상지질혈증의 연령 표준화된 유병률은 34.1%이었고, 유병자 기준 연령 표준화된 인지율, 치료율, 그리고 조절률은 각각 19.2%, 9.5%, 그리고 8.7%에 불과하였다. 치료자 중 연령 표준화된 조절률은 47.5%이었다. 남성의 유병률은 여성에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높았지만(39.7% vs. 28.8%), 인지율, 치료율, 그리고 조절률은 모두 유의하게 낮았다(각각 16.0% vs. 22.3%, 7.7% vs. 11.3%, 그리고 6.1% vs. 11.2%). 심뇌혈관질환의 위험이 높은 집단일수록, 유병률은 높은 반면 조절률은 낮았다. 당뇨병 환자의 치료기준(LDL-콜레스테롤 ${\geq}100mg/dL$과 중성지방 ${\geq}200mg/dL$)에 따른 이상지질혈증 유병률은 82.5%에 달하였지만, 이들 유병자 중 치료목표 미만으로 지질이 조절되는 사람은 11.9%에 불과했다. 이러한 결과는 이상지질혈증 유병자냐의 낮은 치료율을 개선하기 위한 효과적인 방안이 모색되어야 한다는 것을 제시하며, 이를 위해 국가건강검진에서 특히 심뇌혈관질환 고위험군에 대해 이상지질혈증 유병자의 사후 관리를 강화할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Statistics Korea, Annual report on the cause of death statistics, Daejeon: Statics Korea, 2015.
  2. S. M. Grundy, "Small LDL, atherogenic dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome", Circulation, 95, pp. 1-4, 1997. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.95.1.1
  3. M. Haffnar, "Diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease", The American Journal of Cardiology, 83(9), pp. 17-21, 1999. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00213-1
  4. Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis, Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in Korea 2015, 2015.
  5. E. Ahn, D. W. Shin, H. Yang, J. M. Yun, S. H. Chun, B. Suh et al., "Treatment Gap in the National Health-screening Program in Korea: Claim-based Follow-up of Statin Use for Sustained Hypercholesterolemia", Journal of Korean Medical Science, 30(9), pp. 1266-1272, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.9.1266
  6. E. Roh, S. H. Ko, H. S. Kwon, N. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, C. S. Kim, et al., "Prevalence and Management of Dyslipidemia in Korea: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1998 to 2010", Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 37, pp. 433-449, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.6.433
  7. T. Gordon. W. P. Castelli, M. C. Hjortland, W. B. Kannel, T. R. Dawber, "High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease: The Framingham Study", The American Journal of Medicine, 62(5), pp. 707-714, 1977. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9
  8. Ministry of Health and Welfare (KR), 2014 revised criteria for medical care benefits: drug therapy for hyperlipidemia (Notice No. 2013-210), 2013.
  9. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES V), 2010-2012. Available at: http://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/
  10. S. M. Grundy, J. I. Cleemean, C. N. Merz, H. B. Brewer, L. T. Clark, D. B. Hunninghake, et al., "Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines", Circulation, 110(2), pp. 227-239, 2004. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E
  11. Committee for Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia, "2015 Korean Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia", Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis, 4(1), pp. 61-62, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12997/jla.2015.4.1.61
  12. World Health Organization, The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment, Genova: World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office, 2000.
  13. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Korea Health Statistics 2012: National Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES V), 2013.
  14. Y. G. Cho, H. J. Song, B. J. Park, NCEA-9 Lipid Agents Research Group, "The comparison of guidelines for management for dyslipidemia and the appropriateness of them in Korea", Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 31(3), pp. 171-181, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2010.31.3.171
  15. E. S. Kim, K. W. Kim, Y. C. Cho, "Prevalence of Clustering of Coronary Risk Factors in Health Checkup Examinees", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 10(3), pp. 625-633, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2009.10.3.625
  16. National Health Insurance Service, 2015 Guideline for the Korea National Health Screening Program, 2014.
  17. J. Stamlar, D. Wentworth, J. D. Neaton, "Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)", JAMA, 256(20), pp. 2823-2828, 1986. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.256.20.2823
  18. R. C. Turner, H. Millns, H. A. W. Neil, I. M. Stratton, S. E. Manley, D. R. Matthews, et al,, "Risk factors for coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: United Kingdom prospective diabetes study (UKPDS: 23)", The British Medical Journal, 316, p. 823, 1998. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7134.823
  19. J. C. LaRosa, S. M. Grundy, D. D. Waters, C. Shear, P. Barter, J. C. Fruchart, et al., "Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease", The New England Journal of Medicine, 352, pp. 1425-1435, 2005. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa050461
  20. S. K. Park, Y. C. Cho, "Relationship Among Serum Lipid levels, Obesity, and Blood Pressure in Health Examined Adult Women, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 14(9), pp. 4342-4348, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.9.4342
  21. C. G. Kim, "The Relationship of BMI, Smoking, and Drinking with Biomedical Parameters in 20s and 30s Men", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 12(10), pp. 4425-4433, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.10.4425
  22. S. O. Jang, J. S. Lee, "Friedewald-Estimated Versus Directly Measured LDL-Cholesterol: KNHANES 2009-2010", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 16(8), pp. 5492-5500, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.5.5492
  23. H. K. Lee, Y. S. Park "Effects of a Health Promotion Program on College Students Who are on the Brink of Dyslipidemia, Based on Cox's Interaction Model", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 15(5), pp. 3058-3068, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.5.3058
  24. Committee for Establishing Treatment and Instruction for Dyslipidemia, Korean Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia (2nd ed.), The Korean Society of Lipidoloy and Atherosclerosis, 2009.