Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Tobacco Use and Its Impact on Oral Health Status of 12 and 15 Year-Old School Children of Chhattisgarh, India

  • Tiwari, Ram Vinod (Public Health Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research) ;
  • Megalamanegowdru, Jayachandra (Public Health Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research) ;
  • Gupta, Anjali (Conservative and Endodontics, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research) ;
  • Agrawal, Ankush (Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, New Horizon Dental College) ;
  • Parakh, Abhinav (Public Health Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research) ;
  • Pagaria, Sulabh (Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research) ;
  • Sahu, Abhishek (Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research)
  • Published : 2015.01.06
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of deaths worldwide; the situation is particularly serious in the developing countries. Tobacco use amongst the children and adolescents is already a pandemic and they are vulnerable targets of tobacco industry. This is also the case in India. Objectives: 1) Document and monitor the prevalence of tobacco use including smoked, smokeless and other forms of tobacco; 2) Understand student knowledge and attitudes related to tobacco use and its health impact; 3) Assess the impact of tobacco on the oral health status of school-going children in India. Materials and Methods: The sample was 1,500 school children of the age group 12-15 years age. A pretested, close ended questionnaire was administered in the form of extensive face to face interview to understand student knowledge, attitudes and behavior related to tobacco use and its health impact and to assess the prevalence of tobacco use including smoked, smokeless and other forms of tobacco. Oral health status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Frequency distribution, Chi-square tests and Odd's ratio was calculated. Results: Prevalence of tobacco usage amongst the prevalence was 20.4%: 9.2% reported smoking, 15.8% used tobacco in the chewable form and 25.3% children were involved in consuming betel nut/areca nuts. The OR (Odd's ratio) for calculus formation was highest for guthka chewers (OR=14.322), paan masala chewers had the highest odds of developing bleeding on probing when compared to the others. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to launch school-based tobacco prevention programs for community awareness of children and the public, as preventing the initiation of a habit is far easier than stopping it.

Keywords

References

  1. Bhawna Gupta, Anura Ariyawardana, Newell W Johnson (2013). Oral cancer in India continues in epidemic proportions: evidence base and policy initiatives. Intern Dental J, 63, 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595x.2012.00131.x
  2. Bhojani UM, Chander SJ, Devadasan N (2009). Tobacco use and related factors among pre-university students in a college in Bangalore, India. Natl Med J India, 22, 294-7.
  3. Chadda RK, Sengupta SN (2002). Tobacco use by Indian adolescents. Tobacco Induced Diseases, 2, 111-9.
  4. Chiba I (2001). Prevention of betel quid chewers' oral cancer in the Asian-Pacific area. Asia Pac J Cancer Prev, 2, 263-9.
  5. Dalton MA, Sargent JD, Beach ML et al (2003). Effect of viewing smoking in movies on adolescent smoking initiation: a cohort study. Lancet, 362, 281-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13970-0
  6. Distefan JM, Pierce JP, Gilpin EA (2004). Do favorite movie stars influence adolescent smoking initiation? Am J Public Health, 94, 1239-44. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.94.7.1239
  7. Gajalakshmi V, Kanimozhi CV (2010). A survey of 24,000 students aged 13-15 Years in India: global youth tobacco survey 2006 and 2009. Tobacco Use Insights, 3, 23-31.
  8. Hunt K, Sweeting H, Sargent J, et al (2009). An examination of the association between seeing smoking in films and tobacco use in young adults in the west of Scotland: cross-sectional study. Health Educ Res, 24, 22-31.
  9. International Agency For Research On Cancer (2003). IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans volume 85, betel quid and areca nut chewing and some areca nut derived nitrosamines. lyon: international agency for resarch on cancer.
  10. Kapoor SK, Anand K, Kumar G (1995). Prevalence of tobacco use among school and college going adolescents of Haryana. Indian J Pediatr, 62, 461-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02755068
  11. Kumar M, Poorni S, Ramachandran S (2006). Tobacco use among school children in Chennai city, India. Indian J Cancer, 43, 127-31. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.27935
  12. Madani AH, Dikshit M, Bhaduri D (2012). Risk for oral cancer associated to smoking, smokeess and oral dip products. Indian J Pub Health, 56, 57-60. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-557X.96977
  13. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2003). The Cigarettes and other tobacco products (pro-hibition of advertisement and regulation of trade and commerce, production, supply and distribution) Act, 2003 and related rules and regulations. ministry of health and family welfare, government of India.
  14. Monyeki KD, Kemper HCJ, Amusa LO, Motshwane M (2013). Advertisement and knowledge of tobacco products among ellisras rural children aged 11 to 18 years: ellisras longitudinal study. BMC Pediatrics, 13,111. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-111
  15. Mukherjee A, Sinha A, Taraphdar P, Basu G, Chakrabarty D (2012). Tobacco abuse among school going adolescents in a rural area of west Bengal, India. Indian J Pub Health, 56, 286-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-557X.106416
  16. Mukherjee A, Sinha A, Taraphdar P, Basu G, Chakrabarty D (2012). Tobacco abuse among school going adolescents in a rural area of west Bengal, India. Indian J Pub Health,
  17. Mullally BH (2004). The influence of tobacco smoking on the onset of periodontitis in young persons. Tob Induc Dis, 2, 53-65. https://doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-2-2-53
  18. Narain R, Sardana S, Gupta S, et al. (2011). Age at initiation & prevalence of tobacco use among school children in Noida, India: A cross-sectional questionnaire based survey. Indian J Med Res, 133, 300-7.
  19. National Cancer Institute (2001). Risks associated with smoking cigarettes with low machine-measured yields of tar and nicotine. smoking and tobacco control monograph No. 13. bethesda, MD: U.S. department of health and human services, national institutes of health, national cancer institute, NIH Pub. No. 02-5074, October.
  20. Nordreyd O, Hugoson A, Grusovin G (1999). Risk of severe periodontal disease in a Swedish adult population. A longitudinal study. J Clin Periodontol, 26, 608-15. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.1999.260908.x
  21. Papapanou PN (1996). Periodontal diseases: epidemiology. Ann Periodontol, 1, 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1902/annals.1996.1.1.1
  22. Patel D, Kassim S, Croucher RT (2012). Tobacco promotion and availability in school neighborhoods in India: a crosssectional study of their impact on adolescent tobacco use. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 4173-6. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.4173
  23. Perry CL, Stigler MH, Arora M, Reddy KS (2009). Preventing tobacco use among young people in India:project MYTRI. Am J Pub Health May, 99, 5. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2008.147645
  24. Phinse Mappalakayil Philip, Neetu Ambali Parambil, Binukumar Bhaskarapillai et al. (2013). Evaluation of a specially designed tobacco control program to reduce tobacco use among school children in Kerala. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 3455-9. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.6.3455
  25. Reddy KS, Arora M (2005). Tobacco use among children in India: A burgeoning epidemic. Indian Pediatr, 42, 757-61.
  26. Sargent JD, Beach ML, Dalton MA et al (2001). Effect of seeing tobacco use in films on trying smoking among adolescents: cross sectional study. Br Med J, 323, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7303.1
  27. Sargent JD, Beach ML, Dalton MA et al (2004). Effect of parental R-rated movie restriction on adolescent smoking initiation. Pediatrics, 114, 149-56. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.149
  28. Sargent JD, Gibson J, Heatherton TF (2009). Comparing the effects of entertainment media and tobacco marketing on youth smoking. Tob Control, 18, 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2008.026153
  29. Shah G, Chaturvedi P, Vaishampayan S (2012). Areca nut as an emerging etiology of oral cancers in India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol, 33, 71-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-5851.99726
  30. Singh GP, Rizvi I, Gupta V, Bains VK (2011). Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: a cross sectional study. Dent Res J, 8, 211-20. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.86045
  31. Sinha DN, Gupta PC, Pednekar MS (2003). Tobacco use among students in the eight north-eastern states of India. Indian J Cancer, 40, 43-59.
  32. Smith EA (2006). 'It's interesting how few people die from smoking': tobacco industry efforts to minimize risk and discredit health promotion. Eur J Public Health, 17, 162-70.
  33. Tiwari RV, Megalamanegowdru J, Parakh A, et al (2014). Prisoners' perception of tobacco use and cessation in chhatisgarh, india - the truth from behind the bars. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15, 413-7. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.1.413
  34. Tomar SL, Asma S (2000). Smoking-attributable periodontitis in the United States: findings from NHANES III. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Periodontol, 71, 743-51. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2000.71.5.743
  35. Trivedy CR, Craig G, Warnakulasuriya S (2002). The oral health consequences of chewing areca nut. Addict boil, 7, 115-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556210120091482
  36. Trivedy CR, Warnakalusuria KA (1999). The upregularion of lysyl oxidase in oral sub mucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med, 28, 246-51.
  37. Upendra M Bhojani, Maya A Elias and Devadasan N (2011). Adolescents' perceptions about smokers in Karnataka, India. BMC Public Health, 11, 563. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-563
  38. What's In A Cigarette? (2001) Action on smoking and health/United Kingdom entitled, fact sheet No. 12 August,. Available from URL: http://newash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_117/ASH_117.html. (Accessed on 11 april 2014).
  39. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (2003). The world health organization. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/tobacco/fctc/text/final/en/. (Accessed on 11 april 2014).
  40. World Health Organization (1997). Basic oral health surveys. 5th edition, 35-55.