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A Study on the Responsibility for a Barge's Safety Management in a Marine Construction

해상공사에 투입된 부선의 안전관리 책임에 대한 연구

  • Jang, Yeong-Jun (Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal, Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries)
  • 장영준 (해양수산부 중앙해양안전심판원)
  • Received : 2015.01.28
  • Accepted : 2015.02.23
  • Published : 2015.02.28

Abstract

At marine construction sites, there are problems with regard to dispute on the responsibility of safety management of chartered barge and its legal issues. In general, demise charter with crew is used for barge charterparty which is committed to the marine construction. Although Chapter 5 of the Korean Commercial Act enact provisions regulating a Time Chargerparty and a Bareboat Charterparty, it is difficult to clarify where the responsibility lies with regard to the safety control of the chartered barge. For this reason, disputes on accountability arise when accident occurs in effect. As a result, parties of the charterparty shift the responsibility on each other and there is increased risk for occurrence of similar accidents. There is no legally required qualification for a head of barge workers who is in charge of barge management. It is not possible to demand the head of barge workers to take charge of tasks which requires professional judgment as a marine technician considering his daily work scope. Furthermore, the barge committed to the marine construction as a form of bareboat charter or equipment charterage is an object which should be managed by safety supervisor of the charterer's marine construction. The charterer bears a duty to manage the safety of the barge. Therefore, the charterer is generally liable for the damage incurred in the course of using the chartered barge.

해상공사 현장에서 용선한 부선 안전관리의 책임 소재와 관련한 논란과 법적 문제가 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 일반적으로 해상공사에 투입된 부선의 용선계약은 소위 '선원부 선체용선계약'의 형식으로 계약이 이루어진다. 우리 상법 제5편 해상편에서는 정기용선계약이나 선체용선계약을 규정하고 있지만 여기에 명시된 내용으로는 해상공사에 투입된 부선의 안전에 대한 책임소재가 불분명하다. 또한 이로 인하여 실제로 사고 발생 시 그 책임소재에 관한 논쟁이 발생하고 있으며 실무에서도 그 책임소재가 불분명하여 서로 책임을 전가하는 현상이 나타나고 있고 그로 인한 유사 사고의 위험성이 높은 상황이다. 그러나 부선의 관리를 맡고 있는 선두는 법적으로 자격요건이 정해진 바가 없으며 평소의 업무 내용을 고려해 볼 때 선두에게 해기사로서의 전문적인 판단을 요구하는 업무를 요구할 수 없다. 또한 해상공사 현장에 투입된 부선은 장비임대차계약 또는 선체용선의 형태로 건설공사에 투입되었으므로 용선자의 공사현장 안전관리 조직의 관리대상이므로 용선자가 부선을 안전하게 관리하여야 하는 주의의무가 있다. 따라서 선체용선한 부선의 사용 중 손해가 발생한 경우에는 기본적으로는 선체용선자의 책임이 된다.

Keywords

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