Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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An Analysis of Single-person Households' Expenditure Pattern

1인가구의 품목별 소비지출 분석

  • Park, Moon-Soo (Division of Service Industry Research, Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) ;
  • Chong, Hogun (Department of Forest Policy Research, Korea Rural Economic Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hwa-Nyeon (Department of Global Studies, Samsung Economic Research Institute) ;
  • Koh, Dae-Young (Division of Service Industry Research, Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade)
  • 박문수 (산업연구원 서비스산업연구실) ;
  • 정호근 (한국농촌경제연구원 산림정책연구부) ;
  • 김화년 (삼성경제연구소 글로벌연구실) ;
  • 고대영 (산업연구원 서비스산업연구실)
  • Received : 2015.01.13
  • Accepted : 2015.02.12
  • Published : 2015.02.28
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Abstract

This study examines how single-person household expenditure patterns are different with respect to age and income groups using Tobit model. The expenditure data of the national household survey from 2006 to 2012 were used. The results show that income elasticities of all items are greater than 1 except for food & beverage, housing, water, electricity & gas, and Communication. Income elasticities are significantly different among consuming items. Additionally the income elasticities are also different between various age and income groups of single-person households. Therefore governments and businesses have to take this into account when devising their policies or strategies regarding single-person households. Especially, businesses need to adopt a strategy targeted at single-person households with high income and buying power such as unmarried professional people. As the number of single-person household increases the proportion of expenditures on necessities such as beverage, food, and energy is expected to decrease while that on services increases. Consequently policy responses are required to prepare for the expansion of service industries such as health, hospital, and housekeeping services.

본 연구에서는 토빗모형을 이용하여 1인가구의 소비패턴이 연령별, 소득별로 얼마나 다른지 추정하였다. 분석을 위해 2006년부터 2012년까지 통계청 가계동향조사의 지출 데이터를 이용하였다. 추정결과, 음식료품, 주거 및 수도광열, 통신 지출을 제외한 모든 품목에서 1인가구의 소득탄력성은 1보다 크게 나타났으며 품목별로 다른 소비 특성을 보인다는 것을 확인했다. 또한 1인가구의 품목별 소득탄력성은 연령별, 소득별로 크게 차이를 보였다. 향후 1인가구의 관련 정책 또는 기업의 전략을 수립할 때 연령별, 소득별로 차별화된 접근이 필요할 것이다. 특히 기업은 1인가구 중 고소득 미혼자 그룹 등 구매력이 큰 소비자의 소비를 이끌어내는 전략이 필요할 것이다. 1인가구가 증가함에 따라서 음식료품이나 에너지 등과 같은 필수재구매 비중이 줄어들고 서비스에 대한 수요가 늘어날 것이다. 따라서 1인가구 증가에 따른 보건, 의료, 기사지원 등 서비스 시장 확대에 대비한 정책 대응이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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