Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Effects of Open-Situation Scientific Problem-Making Activity on the Scientific Problem-Finding Ability of Pre-Service Teachers

개방적 상황에서 과학적 문제 만들기 활동이 예비교사의 과학적 문제발견능력에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2014.11.25
  • Accepted : 2015.01.13
  • Published : 2015.02.28
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated how the scientific problem-finding ability of pre-service teachers is improved through open-situation scientific problem-making activity. We organized two experimental groups and a control group by degree of participation. The 1st experimental group is an actively participating class, while the 2nd experimental group is a passively participating class. We developed and applied a worksheet for training in problem-making. The pre-service teachers filled in the worksheet for problem-making once a week for seven weeks, then the lecturer gave feedback for every worksheet. We developed and applied a problem finding test in an open-situation to measure their problem finding ability at pre- and post-training. As a result of the training, problem level and diversity improved for pre-service teachers through continuous problem-making activities and feedback. The 1st experiment group significantly improved on the quality and quantity of problems. Especially in the originality, elaboration, verifiability, and variables' category, the 1st experimental group significantly improved compared to the control group and the 2nd experimental group. On the other hand, the quality and quantity of problems of the 2nd experimental group decreased. These results provide a basis for correlation between training attitude and improvement of problem-finding ability. Based on the result of this study, continuous problem-making training and feedbacks are helpful in improving the problem-finding ability of pre-service teachers.

본 연구는 개방적 상황에서 과학적 문제 만들기 활동을 통해 예비교사들의 과학적 문제발견능력이 어떻게 향상되는지를 보았다. 이를 위해 과학교육학부 1학년 세 반을 훈련에 참여한 정도를 기준으로 적극적으로 참여한 반을 실험집단 1로, 비적극적으로 참여한 반을 실험집단 2로, 참여하지 않은 집단을 통제집단으로 편성하였다. 문제 만들기 훈련을 위해 활동지를 제작하여 예비교사들에게 적용하였는데, 예비교사들은 7주간 한 주에 하나의 궁금증을 찾아 활동지를 작성하였고,연구자와 교수가 매주 피드백 해주었다. 또한 문제 만들기 훈련이 문제 발견능력에 주는 영향을 보기 위해 개방적 상황에서의 문제발견 검사지를 개발하여 훈련 전후 문제발견능력을 측정하였다. 훈련 간 문제 만들기 활동지의 지속적인 작성과 피드백을 통해 예비교사들이 발견하는 문제의 수준이 높아지고 다양해졌으며, 검사결과 발견한 문제의 양과 질에서 실험 집단 1이 다른 집단에 비해 유의미한 향상을 보였다. 특히 질적 검사 항목 중 독창성, 정교성, 검증 가능성, 변인의 유형에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 또한 실험 집단 2는 부정적인 결과를 보였는데, 이것으로 보아 훈련에 임하는 태도가 문제발견능력의 향상과 상관이 있다고 짐작할 수 있다. 전체적인 결과로 보아 지속적인 문제 만들기 훈련과 피드백은 예비교사들의 문제발견능력 향상에 도움이 된다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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