DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Multisensory Exercise on Foot Pressure Sensitivity, Balance for the Elderly

다감각 운동이 여성노인의 발 바닥 압력감각, 균형에 미치는 영향

  • Kang, Ji-Eun (Division of Human Movement Studies, College of Health Science, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Yi, Kyung-Ock (Division of Human Movement Studies, College of Health Science, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Yong (Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University)
  • 강지은 (이화여자대학교 건강과학대학 체육과학과) ;
  • 이경옥 (이화여자대학교 건강과학대학 체육과학과) ;
  • 이태용 (동국대학교 바이오시스템대학 의생명공학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.31
  • Accepted : 2015.03.16
  • Published : 2015.03.31

Abstract

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of multisensory exercise on foot pressure sensitivity and balance for the elderly. Method : The subjects were 17 elderly women (11 for the experimental group and 6 for the control group) with a mean age of 83. The subjects all lived in senior residence centers in Seoul. Multisensory exercise was done twice a week for 40 minutes during a 12 week period. Exercise programs were changed every 3 weeks according to the principal of gradual progress of the exercise. In order to train the vision system subjects were asked to open and close their eyes during exercise. When it came to training the vestibular system, subjects stood and walked on high elastic mats with their bare feet. For the somatasensory system subjects always stood and walked with their bare feet. The sub-Metatarsal Pad Elasticity Acquisition Instrument (MPEAI) was used to measure foot pressure sensitivity. MFT Balance test (V1.7) was used to measure anterior / posterior and medial / lateral directional balance. For the statistical analysis the IBM SPSS 21.0 was used to perform Repeatde measured ANOVA and Wilcoxon ranked test. Results : For the multisensory exercise group Hallux (after 6 weeks, 12 weeks), heel (after 6 weeks) and 2nd Metartarsal $40^{\circ}$ (after 6 weeks) pressure sensitivity increased statistically, but the control group didn't change. Also, balance didn't change for the experimental and control group statistically. Conclusion : Exercise with bare feet on a high elastic mat had a partially positive effect on foot sensitivity.

Keywords

References

  1. Alexander, N. B. (1996). Gait disorders in older adult, Journal of American Geriatric Society, 44(4),434-451. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb06417.x
  2. Barr, E. L. M., Browning, C., Lord, S. R., Menz, H. B., & Kendig, H. (2005). Foot and leg problem are important determinants of functional status in community dwelling older people. Disability and Rehabilitation, 27 (16), 917-923. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280500030506
  3. Bergin, P. S., Bronstein, A. M., Sancovic, S., & Zeppenfeld, D. K. (1995). Body sway and vibration perception thresholds in normal aging and in patients with polyneuropathy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 58(3), 335-400. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.58.3.335
  4. Bottomley, J. M., & Lewis, C. B. (2002). Geriatric rehabilitation A Clinical Approach 2nd Edition, New Jersey : Prentice Hall.
  5. Chen, W. M., Victor, P. W., Park, S. B., Lee, T. Y. (2011), An instrumented tissue tester for measuring soft tissue property under the metatarsal heads in relation to metatarsophalangeal joint angle. Journal of Biomechanics. 44, 1801-1804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.03.031
  6. Ferine, G. R., Gryfe, C. I., Holliday, P. J., & Llewellyn, A. (1982). The relationship of posture sway in standing to the incidence of falls in geriatric subjects. Age Ageing, 11(1), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/11.1.11
  7. Hara, T., Yoshikawa, T., Nakao, H., Wang, L., Suzuki,T., & Fujimoto, S. (2007). The effects of aqua exercise on balance function in middle aged woman. Jpn J Phys. Fitness Sports Med., 56, 357-364. https://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.357
  8. Johansson, R. S., Trulsson, M., Olsson, K. A., & Westberg, K. G. (1988). "Mechanoreceptor activity from the human face and oral mucosa," Experimental Brain Research, 72(1), 204-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00248518
  9. Johansson, R. S., & Vallbo, A. B. (1979). "Tactile sensibility in the human hand: Relative and absolute densities of four types of mechanoreceptive units in glabrous skin," Journal of Physiology, 286, 283-300. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012619
  10. Kim, C. H. (2012). The effects of aging and regular exercise on the changes in sensory orgarization and motor control funcion. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Graduate school of Kwan dong University.
  11. Kollegger, H., Baumgartner, C., Wober. C,. Oder, W., & Deecke, L. (1992). Spontaneous body sway as a function of sex, age, and vision: posturographic study in 30 healthy adults. Euro Neurology, 32(5), 253-9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000116836
  12. Lee, J. S., Yang, J. O., Lee, B. J., & Park, S. M. (2009). Effects of Participation in a 12-Week Complex Training Program on Foot-Pressure in the Elderly Women. Journal of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, (19)1, 117-126. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2009.19.1.117
  13. Lexell, J., Taylor, C. C., & Sjostrom, M. (1988). What is the cause of ageing atrophy? Total number, size and proportion of different fiber types studied in whole vastus lateralis muscle from 15 to 83 year old men. Journal of Neurology and Science, 84(23), 275-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510X(88)90132-3
  14. Moreland, J. D., Richardson, J. A., Goldsmith, C. H., & Clase, C. M. (2004). Muscle weakness and fallsin older adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 52(7), 1121-1129. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52310.x
  15. Oak, J., S., & Park, W. Y. (2010). Effects of exercise habit on the sensory organization and motor control functions in old adults. Journal of Exercise Science, 19(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2010.19.1.49
  16. Park, Y. S., Kim, E. H., Kim, T. W., Lee, Y. S., & Lim, Y. T. (2010). The Effects of 12 Week Balance Ability Improvement Exercise to the Changes of Selected Joint Angles and Ground Reaction Forces during Down Staircase Walking. Journal of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, (20)3, 267-275. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2010.20.3.267
  17. Saxon, S., Etten, M., & Perkins, E. (2010). The Nervous System. A Guidef for the Helping Professions :Physical Change& Aging, New York: Springer
  18. Schmidt, R. A. (1988). Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 482-489.
  19. Spirduso, W., K. Francis and P. MacRae. (2005) Physical Dimensions of Aging, Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
  20. Statistics Korea (2014). Senior Survey & Future population projections. Seoul: Korea National Statistical Office.
  21. Stuart, M., Turman, A. B., Shaw, I., Walsh, N., & Nguyen, V. (2003). Effect of aging on vibration detection Thresholds at various body regions, BMC Geriatrics, 3, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-3-1
  22. Teoh, J. C., Shim, V. P., & Lee, T. (2014). Quantification of plantar soft tissue changes due to aging in various metatarsophalangeal joint angles with realistic tissue deformation. Journal of Biomechanics, 47(12), 3043-3049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.06.033
  23. Wong, A. M., Lin, Y. C., Chou, S. W., Tang, F. T., & Wong, P. Y. (2001). Coordination exercise and postural stability in elderly people: Effect of Tai Chi Chuan. Arch Phys Med Rehabil., May; 82(5), 608-612. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.22615
  24. Yi, K. O. (2010). Integrated functional physical fitness exercise(I.F.P.F.E) for the fall proof of the elderly. Journal of Korean Physical Education Association for Girls and Women, 2010(0), 13-40.
  25. Youm, C. H., Park, Y. H., & Seo, K. W. (2008). Assessment of Single-leg Stance Balance Using COP 95% Confidence Ellipse Area. Journal of Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, (18)2, 19-27. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2008.18.2.019

Cited by

  1. The Effect of Genu Valgum on the Body Mass Index, Moment of Lower Limb Joints, Ground Reaction Force vol.25, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2015.25.3.257